Epithelia
Illustration 003
Illustration 004
1. Covering Epithelia or Lining Epithelia
A. Apical Surface (Free Surface)
B. Basal Surface (Bounded Surface)
2. Glandular Epithelia
3. Flow Chart 1 (Classifications of Epithelia) in Workbook on Compact Disk
1. Number of Cell Layers
A. Simple Epithelium
B. Stratified Epithelium
2. Shape of Constituent Cells
A. Squamous Epithelium
B. Cuboidal Epithelium
C. Columnar Epithelium
3. Apical Specialization of Constituent Cells
A. Striated Border (Brush Border)
1) Microvilli: Cores of Microfilaments
2) Terminal Web
B. Stereocilia
C. Cilia
1) Cores of Microtubules
2) Basal Body: Centriole
D. Flagella
E. Keratinization
1) Fibrous Protein Keratin
2) "Dry" Epithelia
3) "Moist" Epithelia
Illustration 011
1. Pseudostratified (Columnar) Epithelium
2. Transitional Epithelium
A. Contracted (Collapsed) Organ
B. Distended (Expanded) Organ
1. Infolding: Interdigitation
2. Glycocalyx (Cell Coat)
A. Glycoprotein (Glycosaminoglycan)
B. Basal Lamina
3. Basement Membrane
A. Basal Lamina: Product of Epithelial Cells
B. Reticular Lamina: Product of Connective-Tissue Cells
1. Junctional Configuration
A. Zonular Junction: Zonula ("Girdle")
B. Fascial Junction: Fascia ("Band")
C. Macular Junction: Macula ("Spot")
2. Junctional Types
A. Occluding Junction (Tight Junction)
B. Intermediate Junction: Microfilaments
C. Desmosome
1) Intermediate Filaments (Tonofilaments)
2) Cytoskeleton
D. Communicating Junction (Gap Junction, Nexus)
3. Terminal Bar: Junctional Complex
4. "Cytoplasmic Bridges"
1. Method of Glandular Release
A. Exocrine Gland
B. Endocrine Gland
2. Number of Cells in Glandular Unit
A. Unicellular Gland
B. Multicellular Gland
3. Mechanism of Product Release
A. Holocrine Gland: Living or Dead Cells
B. Apocrine Gland
C. Merocrine Gland: Secretory Exocytosis (Secretion)
4. Consistency of Product
A. Mucous Gland
B. Serous Gland
C. Mixed Gland
Illustration 017
1. Unicellular Exocrine Gland: Goblet Cell
A. Merocrine Release of Mucous Product
B. Mucigen Droplets
1) Mucin
2) Bounding Membrane
C. Mucus
2. Multicellular Exocrine Glands
A. Primitive Multicellular Exocrine Glands
1) Secretory Sheet
2) Intraepithelial Gland: Restriction to Stratified Epithelia and Pseudostratified (Columnar) Epithelia Only
B. Advanced Multicellular Exocrine Glands
1) Duct
2) Secretory Unit(s)
1. Morphology of Duct
A. Simple Glands
1) Simple (No Modifier) Gland: Straight Course
2) Simple Coiled Gland: Twisted Course
B. Compound Glands
2. Morphology of Secretory Unit(s)
A. Tubular Glands
1) (No Modifier) Tubular Gland: Unbranched Secretory Unit(s)
2) Branched Tubular Gland: Branched Secretory Unit(s)
B. Alveolar Glands (Acinar Glands)
1) (No Modifier) Alveolar Gland: Unbranched Secretory Unit(s)
2) Branched Alveolar Gland: Branched Secretory Unit(s)
C. Tubuloalveolar Glands (Tubuloacinar Glands)
1) (No Modifier) Tubuloalveolar Gland: Unbranched Secretory Unit(s)
2) Branched Tubuloalveolar Gland: Branched Secretory Unit(s)
Illustration 021
1. Mucous Secretory Units: Mucigen Droplets
2. Serous Secretory Units: Zymogen Granules
3. Mucous-Serous Secretory Units (Mixed Secretory Units): Mucous Alveoli with Serous Demilunes
1. Merocrine Release of a Serous Product
2. Number of Cells in the Secretory Unit(s)
A. Unicellular Endocrine Gland: Enteroendocrine Cell
B. Multicellular Endocrine Glands
1) Follicular Gland
A) Colloid
B) Follicular Epithelium
2) Cord-and-Clump Gland