Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, MSM Attempted Suicide Incidences / Risks

Sent(a)Mental Project - A Memorial to GLBTIQA Suicides / Final Version (2009)

Talking About Suicide & LGBT Populations (2011): Suggestions & Recommendations.

Feds support new national LGBT youth suicide prevention task force (USA, 2010)
Task Forces Focus on LGBT Youth, American Indians/Alaska Natives, Military/Veterans (2010)
Related: 1, 2, 3. Notes of Caution / Warnings: 1, 2 (Paragraphs 7-9), 3, 4.
Will it be white racist GLBT suicide prevention? - To be Ignored: Two Spirit Youth? GLBT Street Youth?
To Effectively Address a Serious Problem, Good to Know How It Developed. Related Paper.

A Department of Silence: Bullying of LGBT youth not a priority (2010).
Shutting LGBT Students Out: How Current Anti-Bullying Policies Fail America’s Youth (2011)
LGBT youth suicide reports show need for more studies (2011).

Jamie Hubley, Gay 15-Year-Old Ottawa, Canada (2011). Related: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
"I hate being the only open gay guy in my school… It f***ing sucks, I really want to end it. Like all of it, I not getting better
theres 3 more years of highschool left, Iv been on 4 different anti -depressants, none of them worked. I’v been depressed since january,
How f***ing long is this going to last. People said “It gets better”. Its f***ing bull****. I go to see psychologist,
What the f*** are they suppost to f***ing do? All I do is talk about problems, it doesnt make them dissapear?? I give up."
It Gets Better Project. - Related Thesis. - The “It Gets Better Campaign”: An unfortunate use of queer futurity.
Why should LGBTQ students have to wait for it to get better? We have the power to make it better now.
School should not be about survival. PDF. Jamey Rodemeyer Suicide (2011): 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Anti-gay bullying leads to another tragic teen suicide (2011): Nicholas Kelo Jr... was 13 years old.
It is unknown as to whether or not Nick was gay, but that did not stop his bullies or their attacks... 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Gay teens 'terrorized' in Canada's schools (2009, Study). Related: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.
Gay teen Lance Lundsten's death ruled a suicide (2011): 1, 2, 3.
New study shows that before things “get better,” there are consequences.
Make It Better Project (2011). - Does it ever really get better? (2011)
Negative gay community description, with the white racism missing.

The 2011 University GLB Student Suicidality & Deliberate Self-Injury Alert!

Document Containing the Resources Available for GLBT Adolescent Suicide Prevention in Schools:
SAMHSA (2012). Preventing Suicide: A Toolkit for High Schools. PDF Download.

Author Keith Boykin's new book (2011: Amazon: 2012 - Reviews: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - Interview):
For Colored Boys Who Have Considered Suicide When The Rainbow Is Still Not Enough.
43 Percent of Black Gay Youth Have Contemplated or Attempted Suicide. Survey Results.

Aboriginal / American Indian / First Nations Two Spirit Information Pages and Suicide Issues.

"American Indian and Alaska Native Suicide Prevention" Website

"Honouring Life Network," Canada: Aboriginal Youth Suicide

"Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention," USA

Webpages
Available
At Website

Suicidality Studies Index: All Studies (This Page): The Index (Includes: The 2011 University GLB Student Suicidality & Deliberate Self-Injury Alert!). - All Random & Special Sample Studies. - All American & Canadian Studies. - All European Studies. - Transgender Studies. - The Results of Additional School-Based North American Youth Risk Behavior Surveys or Similar Surveys - Random Sampling - are Located at Another Location.

Other Pages: Homosexually Oriented People Are Generally at Greater Risk for the More Serious Suicidal Behaviors. - "Attempting Suicide" as Related To Gender Nonconformity & Transgender Issues. - Bell & Weinberg (1978) Homosexualities Study: "Attempted Suicide" Study Results.

Special Section: The 2013 Paper, "Suicide Risk and Sexual Orientation: A Critical Review," Reverses the Conclusions of Two Previously Published Papers. The Re-Analysis - Including Many Meta-Analyses & Using Unconditional Tests for Statistical Significance - Indicates that "Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual Adolescents Are at Risk for Suicide." - In Addition, Expanding the "At Risk" Category to Include Adolescents Known to Only Have Been Harassed/Abused - Because They Were Assumed to be Gay/Lesbian - Produces More Conclusive Results, Especially Applying for Males. This Category Represents "An Expanded Homosexuality Factor in Adolescent Suicide." - Associated Pages: Constructing "The Gay Youth Suicide Myth": Thirty Years of Resisting a Likely Truth & Generating Cohen's Effect Size "h" Via Arcsin / Arcsine Transformations.

This page contain the results of about 150 studies (+/- 115 published in peer reviewed journals) that have reported "attempted suicide" incidences for varying sample of sexual minority individuals most often described or self-described (may be self-identified) as Gay (G), Lesbian (L), Bisexual (B), Transgender (TG), Homosexual, Predominantly Homosexual, Homosexual/Bisexual, Same-Sex Attracted, Same-Sex Romantically Attracted, MSM (Men Who Have Sex With Men), WSW (Women Who Have Sex With Women), and Same-Sex Sexually Active (Same-Sex Sex). Some "Self-Harm" or "Self-Injury" study results are also reported.

Risk Ratios (RRs) or Odds Ratios (ORs) were produced - if they were not given by study authors - when Heterosexual or Predominantly Heterosexual individuals were also a part of a study and sufficient data was available to do calculations. As a rule, homosexually oriented people have been at higher risk for attempting suicide, compared to their heterosexual counterparts, and more so for males. Transgender people - and other gender nonconforming people in other categories - may be at the highest risk for having attempted suicide.

Study Samples have been non-random (convenience samples, or others that are quite large and representative) or random.

To.... The Alerts!

Homosexually Oriented Males More At Risk For Death By Suicide? At All Ages?

Qin P, Agerbo E, Mortensen PB (2003). Suicide risk in relation to socioeconomic, demographic, psychiatric, and familial factors: a national register-based study of all suicides in Denmark, 1981-1997. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160(4): 765-72. (Abstract) (Full Text) - "...registered [same-sex] partners included as a separate category in the analysis had an odds ratio of 4.31 (95% CI= 2.23–8.36) in the crude analysis and 3.63 (95% CI=1.71– 7.67) in analyses with adjustment for other factors in the full model [for having committed suicide compared to opposite-sex married couples]". Note: This is a First-Time Research Result! See: Frisch M, Bronnum-Hansen H (2009). Mortality among men and women in same-sex marriage: a national cohort study of 8333 Danes. American Journal of Public Health, 99(1): 133-7. Abstract. After 1995, higher risk of death in same-sex marriages occur in first 3 year of the marriage. Note: The paper does not mention the Qin et al (2003) suicide results (above), and suicide is only mentioned as possibly being implicated in the higher risk of death for same-sex couples.

Mathy RM, Cochran SD, Olsen J, Mays VM (2009). The association between relationship markers of sexual orientation and suicide: Denmark, 1990-2001. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 46(2): 111-7. PDF Download. PDF Download. From Abstract: "Using data from death certificates issued between 1990 and 2001 and population estimates from the Danish census, we estimated suicide mortality risk among individuals classified into one of three marital/cohabitation statuses: current/formerly in same-sex RDPs; current/formerly heterosexually married; or never married/registered. RESULTS: Risk for suicide mortality was associated with this proxy indicator of sexual orientation, but only significantly among men. The estimated age-adjusted suicide mortality risk for RDP men was nearly eight times greater than for men with positive histories of heterosexual marriage and nearly twice as high for men who had never married."

Child Death Review Unit, BC Coroners Service (2008). "Looking for Something to Look Forward to" (a B.C. youth who died by suicide) ... A Five-Year Retrospective Review of Child and Youth Suicide in B.C. : In the five-year period between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2007, 81 children and youth died by suicide in British Columbia. When this project was initiated, 66 of these cases were closed and 15 remained open and under investigation. The Child Death Review Unit’s review of the 66 closed cases resulted in the following findings: • Older youth (age 17–18 years), males, Aboriginal children and youth, and gay, lesbian and bisexual children and youth, as well as those who were questioning their sexuality, were at increased risk of suicide... Sexual orientation: Four children and youth identified as gay, lesbian or bisexual. Three other children and youth had been questioning their sexual orientation in the months prior to death.

Are Homosexually Oriented Adolescents at Risk for Suicide?
Are Adolescents 'Teased' Because They Are Assumed to be Homosexual at Risk for Suicide?
See: Related "Major Alert!"

Are Homosexually Oriented Individuals Overrepresented in Hospital Emergency Care as the result of a Suicide Attempt? - As it has been the rule in most mainstream suicidality studies, "sexual orientation" information has not been solicited from study participants (2 American studies in the 1980s). One exception to this rule occurred in the Weyrauch et al. (2001) study (and, later, in 2 smaller studies): "The study sample was composed of individuals who required admission to a major urban public hospital in Seattle, Washington, for inpatient medical treatment of significant morbidity sustained in a suicide attempt... Seventy-five percent of the subjects reported heterosexual gender orientation, 7% were homosexual [only attracted to opposite sex persons], and 18% bisexual [attracted to both sexes]." In a study from South Africa that was published as an M.S. Dissertation by Pretorius (1992), the following was written in the abstract: "All cases of attempted suicide referred to the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Pretoria were studied over a period of a year. This investigation included a psychiatric evaluation and a study of details relating to each case of suicidal behaviour. In addition, suicide intent and risk were measured. The patient's stressors were also recorded. total of 307 patients, 86 of whom were male and 221 female, were evaluated. After 5 years as many respondents of the initial investigation as possible were traced, with the main object of obtaining information about subsequent suicidal behaviour. 205 respondents were traced, 59 of whom were male and 205 female. Acute risk factors for repeated suicide attempts for men were: never married, unemployed and the loss of a job. Many were not living with someone with whom they had an intimate relationship. The most common chronic conditions were Alcohol- and Drug-related as well as Homosexuality and Epilepsy. The most commonly observed personality traits were Antisocial, Dependent and Inadequate traits.

A CDC 2011 study of all Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from 2001 to 2009 - with sexual orientation information - produced results that indicate, as a rule, that gay, lesbian and bisexual adolescents are more likely at the greatest risk, compared to their heterosexual counterparts, to report having received medical care as a result of having attempted suicide in the past year. A Report of Study Results.

An American Hint Suggesting Ongoing Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual Suicide Problem: - Depression, isolation, rejection lead many gay youths to attempt suicide (2009): Switchboard of Miami, Miami-Dade's crisis center, launched a gay suicide hotline in 2005. It became the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual and Transgender Suicide Hotline in 2006. Between July 1, 2007, and June 30, 2008, Switchboard took about 400 calls from people identifying themselves as gay, including 56 that counselors declared ''crisis calls,'' or people at immediate risk. It's not just young gay people contemplating suicide, said Ed Straub Jr., a Switchboard board member who founded the hotline. ''In the first year of our program, . . . 52 percent of the people calling the Switchboard were between the ages 35 and 59,'' he said. Both gay men and lesbians are at risk. ''Absolutely,'' Straub said. ``In fact, women are twice as likely to consider suicide as men, even though the number of male suicides is higher.'' The gay hotline has a $30,000 annual budget, with funding from groups including Dade Community Foundation and private donors. ''We try to spend half or a third of that in advertising,'' Straub said. ``We advertise mostly in the local gay press. That increases the call volume back to Switchboard.'' Straub became involved with suicide prevention after three friends killed themselves in 2004. ``I'm like a lightning rod. People come to me. I come to the bars. We talk at cocktail parties. On Lincoln Road. People want to open up about it. It's amazing how many people are touched by suicide.'' Straub said he has observed three factors that often contribute to gay suicide attempts: • Financial and health-related issues. • Drug and alcohol use. • Loneliness or feeling unable to achieve life goals.

A Hint From England Related to Ongoing Suicide Problems: - No Way Out (Late 1990s, or 2000): The shocking statistics for suicide amongst gay teenagers have traditionally been attributed to the pressures of coming out in a hetero-defined society. Murray Healy discovers an alarming new trend amongst twenty-somethings who find the promised land of the urban gay community isn’t all they expected it to be... Last year, six friends of mine tried to kill themselves. All men in their twenties, all intelligent, attractive, popular, and seemingly happy; and all, to a greater or lesser extent, identifying as gay. I started the year never having known anyone who’d attempted suicide.

Review Papers & Meta-Analyses: GLB Suicidality & Mental Health

Index: Tables of Suicidality Study Results

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences For Homosexually Oriented People
& Some Comparisons With Heterosexually Oriented People

Categories	Random	Non-Random	Non-Random
American	Adolescents in Schools: 1, 2, 3 ^{A - A4}	Youth / Adults 1970-1983 ^B 1987-1991 ^B-1	Youth / Adults 1993-1999 2000-2009 ^{C - C5}
American	Youth/Adult - University Students ^D-D5	Adults 1994-2011 ^{E - E3}	Dissertation Studies ^{F - F2}
North American	Adults ^G	---	---
Canada	Adolescents in School: 1, 2 Adults 1, 2, 3, 4	Youth	AIDS/HIV Male Cohorts
UK/Ireland	---	Youth/Adults (England/Scotland) ^H Youth/Adult (Ireland)	---
Europe	Youth/Adults ^{I - I2}	Youth/Adults ^{J -J3}	France ^K Austria ^L-L1
Australia New Zealand	Adolescents ^N-N3 Adults Australia ^N-7	NZ Birth Cohort ^M Youth/Adullts ^M-7	---
Japan, Mexico & South Africa	--	Youth/Adults	--
World Special Samples	---	USA Twin Study NZ Birth Cohort / - USA Longitudinal: School ^{O - O3}	---
Colorado, USA	Three Studies	Three Studies	---
Selected "At Risk" Populations	Psychiatric Patients Transsexual People	Street Youth: USA / Canada / UK: 1991-2006	Transgender ^{P -P7}
Associated Supplementary Data Table(s): A. Pinhey & Millman (2004: Guam YRBS), A-2. Olshen et al. 2007: 2005: NYC YRBS, A-3. Farley et al (2008): 2007: NYC YRBS, A-4. Borowski et al. (1999): Adolescent Health Survey, American Indian / Alaska Native, A-5. Massachusetts's 2008 MetroWest Survey, Kessel-Schneider et al. (2011-2012). - B. Bell & Weinberg (1978: San Francisco), B-2. Remafedi et al. (1991: US Midwest. Pacific Northwest). - C. Savin- Williams (2001, 3 Tables, USA Community / University samples), C-2. Clatts et al. (2005: New York, MSM, Venue Sample): Race, Attempted Suicide, Sexual Orientation), C-3. D'Augelli et al. (2005: New York), C-4. Kipke et al. (2007, LA Venue Sample, GB Males), C-5. Mustanski et al. (2010). - D. Whitlock & Knox (2007, Cornell & Princeton Universities), D-2. University of Michigan's 2005/2007 "Healthy Minds Study", D-3. The USA Spring 2000 National College Health Assessment Survey: ACHA-NCHA, D-4. Smith (2006, NYU 2003 ACHA-NCHA results), D-5. Murphy (2007, University of Washington, Non-Random), D-6. 2009 National ACHA-NCHA Survey, Oswalt &Wyatt (2011). D-7. College Life Study, Longitudinal, Wilcox et al. (2010, 2011-12), D-8. The Survey of Student Wellbeing (SSWB): Suicidality Risks After Non-Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI): Whitlock et al. (2013), D-9. ACHA's National College Health Assessment-II: Fall 2008, Spring 2009, and Fall 2009 Surveys Combined: Female Sexual Orientation & Suicidality: Kerr at al. (2013). - E. Balsam et al. (2005: USA, GLB, Heterosexual Siblings), E-2. Ryan et al. (2009, Venue Sampling, GLB, SF), E-3. Meyer et al. (2008, Venue Sampling, NYC). - F. Friedman (2002: USA), F-2. Murphy (2007, University of Washington, Non-Random). - G. Paul et al. (2002: USA) - H. Hunt & Fish (2008 & 2008a). - I. Wichstrom & Hegna (2003: Noway), Sweden, National Public Health Survey (2005), 2005 & 2008 National Public Health Survey, Combined, Sweden, Ungdomsstyrelsen (2010). - J. Hegna et al. (1999) & Hegna and Wichstrom (2007a), Non-Random, GLB. J-2. Hanner (2002, Non-Random, Sweden), J-3. Quinn (2006, Non-Random, Central Europe). - K. L’Enquête presse gay (2004). - L. Ploderl & Fartacek (2005: Austria) L1. Ploderl & Fartacek (2009: Austria) - M. Fergusson et al. (2005, NZ Birth Cohort, as young adults). M-1. McNair et al. (2005, Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health: ALSWH). - N-1. New Zealand Youth 2000 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey, N-2. New Zealand 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey. N-3. New Zealand 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey. N-7. Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. O. Herrell et al. (1999: USA), O-2. Fergusson et al. (2005, NZ Birth Cohort, as young adults), O-3. McNair et al. (2005, Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health: ALSWH). - P. Mathy (2002b: North America), P-2. Clements-Nolle et al. (2006: San Francisco), P-3. Whittle et al. (2007, UK, Internet Sample), P-4. Whittle et al. (2008, Europe, Internet Sample), P-5. FHI Rapport (2005, Sweden Internet Sample)., P-6. Grant et al. (2010, American, Internet Sample, Some Pencil/Paper Surveys), P-7. Scandlon et al. (2010, Ontario, Canada: Internet, Pencil/Paper, or by Telephone with a Language Interpreter, Where Necessary for a Near-Random Sample).

The Alerts

Alert! There was a time, not long ago, when those in the 'helping' professions, including 'mental help' professionals, would have been best described as 'professionals' who were only seeking to help heterosexual people, with a major focus being on harming, as much as possible, non-heterosexual people such as gay, lesbian, bisexual individuals. This was done, for example, when 'mental health' professionals had decreed that homosexual individuals were all mentally disordered and were to be treated (harmed) accordingly. However, even if this 'mental disorder decree for homosexual people' was removed from the American DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) in 1973, the ICD (The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) in 1992, with China having done the same only in 2003 (Mental Disorder Redefined, Homosexuality Excluded), these outcomes did not mean that 'mental health' 'professionals' would suddenly / 'magically' become knowledgeable of homosexually oriented people and begin helping. As with racist groups, heterosexist and homophobic groups may take generations to end their abuses of the hated ones, with ongoing more insidious ways developed to continue harming the hated ones. For example, by 1994, ignoring sexual minority issues in American psychology and psychiatry research was the rule as illustrated in a paper titled “"I only read about myself on bathroom walls": the need for research on the mental health of lesbians and gay men” (Rothblum, 1994). By the late 1990s and the early 2000s, the same neglect had been reported in family therapy, psychology, community psychology and social work, as reported here (must scroll). The ongoing inherently harming ways of many / most(?) 'mental health' professionals - as related to sexual minority clients - was documented in New Zealand (Semp, 2006, 2007), and the same is likely happening throughout the western world.

Rothblum ED (1994). "I only read about myself on bathroom walls": the need for research on the mental health of lesbians and gay men. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62(2), 213-20. (PubMed Abstract) Full Text.

Semp, David (2007). A Public Silence: Sexual Orientation and Mental Health Services. Presentation, Mental Health Awareness Week, 2007: Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand. Word Download.

Semp, David (2006). A public silence : discursive practices surrounding homosexuality. PhD Dissertation, The University of Auckland. Download Page. PDF Download: Front Pages. PDF Download: Whole Document.

Alert! Statistics New Zealand. (2008). Considering Sexual Orientation as a Potential Official Statistic: Discussion paper. Wellington: Statistics New Zealand. PDF Download - Download Page - Related. Sexual minority children, youth and adults are often at high risk for experiencing or having experienced a number of problems, including very serious ones such as having been abused, bullied and assaulted in schools and in their communities - including in their families (Corliss et al., 2002) - and experiencing related suicidality (Ryan et al., 2009). However, the majority of school surveys that inquire about youth health and problems do not solicit sexual orientation information (or the often related gender nonconformity information), thus avoiding to produce study results that would highlight sexual minority individuals to be at risk. As a result, related issues continue to be ignored as sexual minority students continue to be abused, silenced, harmed and ignored (to death? 1, 2, 3: must scroll, p. 23). Furthermore, almost all suicidality studies carried out in North America or elsewhere continue to exclude sexual orientation measures with few realizing that such omissions should be perceived as highly harmful unprofessional and unethical highly harmful conduct. Unfortunately, the AAS (American Association of Suicidology) has not forcefully spoken to this issue and its official publication - Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior - has not implemented policies such as maybe refusing to publish suicidality studies that have not included "sexual orientation" measures, especially in youth and young adult studies. Tragically, the CDC also continues to make available an official version of The Youth Risk Behavior Survey that does not include "sexual orientation" measures, in spite of the fact that many adolescent school surveys in the past 14 years have revealed sexual orientation measures to be not only predictive of general suicidal behaviors (and related problems), but also to more strongly predict the most serious life-threatening suicidal behaviors... beginning in early adolescence. It is therefore not surprising that even the most academically successful sexual minority youth - university students - are likely to also be at greater risk for suicidality and related problems, compared to their heterosexual counterparts, with even greater risk maybe/likely existing for the lesser educated young adults who have been much neglected in suicidality research. To date, the highest suicidality risk has been reported for American sexual minority street youth who form about 20% of the street youth population. Their lifetime attempted suicide incidence is 62% (van Leeuwen et al., 2006). A special web page has been constructed for the studies related to the suicidality of street and homeless youth with a focus on the overrepresentation of both aboriginal and sexual minority individuals in these populations. Note: Nothing is known about suicidality issues for middle age to elder sexual sexual minority individuals because suicidality researchers have not included sexual minority measures in their studies.

Task force for Prevention of Suicides among LGBTs Instated (USA, 2010)

Alert! Hatzenbuehler et al (2009) tested and retested (7 months later, same school year) Grade 6 to 8 mostly non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latino students (68%) from 2 low SES middle schools in central Connecticut. On the following - Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children (MASC), Children’s Response Styles Questionnaire (CRSQ, Rumination Subscale), and Emotion Expression Scale for Children (EESC, Poor Emotional Awareness Subscale) - the 29 same-sex romantically attracted children scored higher (p < 0.05 to p < .01) than heterosexual students (n = 1042 at Time-1, and 825 at Time-2). Therefore, factors that may increase the risk for suicidality are higher for sexual minority children at a young age, this likely being implicated in their reported higher risk for suicidality from Grade 7 to 12 in other mostly random American studies. Little has been done to end the generally highly heterosexist, homophobic and homohating(?) nature of public or private K-12 schools where the word "gay" - as in "So Gay!" - has 'evolved' to designate anyone who is lacking in all ways, including intelligence (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, How 'gay' became children's insult of choice, BBC). "At risk" sexual minority children can expect little in term of help from teachers or school psychologists on the personal level and, especially, with respecting to changing the "traditional" nature of schools that have been highly harming and abusing of sexual minority children and youth. The North American Public School Situation: Gay teens 'terrorized' in Canada's schools (2009, Study). Related: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - 2007 National School Climate Survey: Nearly 9 out of 10 LGBT Students Harassed.

Potter L, Silverman M, Connorton E, Posner M, Suicide Prevention Resource Center (2004). Promoting mental health and preventing suicide in college and university settings. Newton, MA: Education Development Center, Inc. Download: http://www.sprc.org/library/college_sp_whitepaper.pdf.

"Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Transgender Students: ... There is no concrete information about suicide rates among gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) college students and little to no information about efforts to promote their mental health or prevent suicide. There is even less information about the behavior and needs of transgender students, though we can assume they face somewhat similar risks...GLB students who transition from high school to higher education may bring some of the same suicidal behavior to their new environment. One study attempted to measure the suicidal risk among a small sample of GLB college students compared with a sample of their heterosexual peers (Westefeld, Maples, Buford, & Taylor, 2001). Researchers administered a paper and pencil assessment of suicidal risk called the College Student Reasons for Living Inventory (CSRLI). GLB students were more depressed, lonelier, and had fewer reasons for living than a control group of their peers, and depression and loneliness correlated positively with suicidal tendencies. In addition, GLB students in this study experienced prejudice and related issues (Westefeld et al., 2001). Many campuses are increasingly open to and supportive of inclusion of GLBT students, but homophobia remains a problem..."

Note: In 2004 (and to 2010), this was the best that the authors had to offer about the suicidality situation for GLBT young adults in American universities. Without doubt, suicidology researchers had been almost completely indifferent or even neglectful of the welfare of GLBT students by not ever producing research that would reveal whether or not GLBT students were - or were not - more at risk for attempting suicide than their heterosexual counterparts... as it was the case for GLBT adolescents in schools. Yet, there were many data sets available - that solicited both sexual orientation and suicidality/depression information - from which this possibility could have been explored. For example, from 2000 to 2008, the American College Health Association produced 18 data sets (2 per year) known as the National College Health Assessment surveys (ACHA-NCHA), but only the 2000 Spring Survey was reported on in 2005 (Leino & Kisch, 2005; Kisch et al., 2005) with associated GLBT information. However, nothing was reported about GLBT students being at risk for attempting suicide, even if only a trend existed given the possible low counts, by maybe a "risk" factor of "6" as one NYU report notes for the 2003 Spring Survey. Nonetheless, not being heterosexual was the second largest independent predictor (OR = 2.6) for university students having seriously considered suicide in the past year (1999-2000). Interestingly, many NCHA data sets have the counts required to do a GLBT "Attempted Suicide in the Past Year" analysis but all ACHA-NCHA Survey data reports do not mention possible "at risk" GLBT status so that, for example, if they are "at risk," initiatives to help GLB students could be implemented. Massachusetts, for example, does report the GLB "at risk" status when reporting the results of Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (2007: 4.4 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year). The same was done in Rhode Island (2007: GLBU students, 4.4 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year) and in Washington DC (2007 N/A: GLB students, 3.8 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year). Others have made the results available for others to disseminate and make public as it was done in Chicago (2005, GLB students, 3-4 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year) and in Vermont (2007: GLB students, 7 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year, with the results for 2005 also given: GLBQ students, 5 times the risk for having attempted suicide in the past year). In 2007, from another survey carried out at two universities in 2005 (Survey of College Mental Health and Well Being), Whitlock & Knox (2007) reported GLB students to be 4 times more at risk for a lifetime suicide attempt. Gay/lesbian, bisexual and questioning students also had, separately and as a group, the highest associations between lifetime self-injury and suicidality. The small-scale university classroom survey of males by Savin-Williams (2001) reported that about 50% of males were non-heterosexual, that 83% of males (5/6) reporting a true suicide attempt were non-heterosexual, and that the 3 males for whom medical care was associated with the suicide attempt were also non-heterosexual (Related Data Analysis). The Murphy (2007) dissertation study highlighted the possibility that, in American universities, a high risk group for current suicidality - usually ignored by researchers - identify as "heterosexual" but also report some same-sex attraction or sexual behavior. All who report GLBT results from the ACHA-NCHA-like surveys - that solicits only "identity" sexual orientation information - should caveat their results accordingly. In the Murphy (2007) study, 50% (5/10) of the females who had attempted suicide in the past year were non-heterosexual and the two male suicide attempters were non-heterosexual.

The 2011/2012/2013 University GLB Student Alert!

It Gets Better Project. Does it Get Better for At Risk GLB College/University Students?
Why are GLBU students at greater risk for suicidality and deliberate non-suicidal self-injury in universities?

The sexual orientation related suicidality and deliberate self-injury results of the national American study of university and college students are tabled. The 2009 Fall ACHA-NCHA survey data (N = 27,454) was analyzed and reported on by Oswalt &Wyatt (2011) for both males and females combined (64.1% female), age range: 18 to 49 years-old (84.5% 18 to 24 years-old), and only including students who identified as heterosexual (93.8%), gay or lesbian (1.9%), bisexual (2.9%), and those unsure about their sexual orientation (1.5%). Transgender individuals (0.1%) and others were removed from the analysis, including foreign students. On the basis of the given results, computations were carried out by the webpage author to produce additional results.

The Most Important Sexual Minority Suicidality Results Are:

Compared to Heterosexual Students, Gay/Lesbian Students Were at the Highest Risk for Having Attempted Suicide in the Past Year: OR (Odds Ratio): 4.6 (4.4% Incidence), Followed by a 3.7 OR for Bisexual Students (3.6%) and a 2.7 OR for those Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation (2.7%). One Percent (1.0%) of Heterosexual Students Reported Having Attempted Suicide in the Past Year: 2008/2009. Note: Sexual minority students accounted for about one in five university students (19.3%) attempting suicide in 2008/2009. This result replicates the 20% - Planning and/or Attempting Suicide at College - reported in the 4-year longitudinal "College Life Study" of American undergraduate students. The results also replicate the GLB 18.9% of the alcohol/drug use related college suicidality in the Reed et al. (2010) study. [University students, however, are a special population originating from high school populations where sexual minority students were likely even "more at risk" compared to their heterosexual counterparts. This is reflected, for example, in the Rhode Island 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey results: sexual minority adolescents in varied ethic-'race' / sex categories accounted for 25% to 46% of suicide attempters in the same category. In the white category, sexual minority students accounted for 40.7% of white adolescents who attempted suicide during a one-year period.]

Blosnich & Bossarte (2012) also replicated the "20%" sexual minority proportion for college students who attempted suicide in the past year (Gay/Lesbian: 3.3% (OR: 3.8), Bisexual Males & Females: 4.6% (OR: 5.3), versus 0.9% for heterosexual students, with gay, lesbian and bisexual students accounting for 18.6% of all those who attempted suicide. The results are from the analysis of the ACHA's National College Health Assessment 2008 Fall / 2009 Spring Surveys Combined.

This "20%" proportion, however, is lower than the proportion of the total suicide attempters associated with sexual minority adolescents still in high school where "more at risk" sexual minority adolescents are likely located. In the Rhode Island 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey, for example, sexual minority adolescents in varied ethic-'race' / sex categories accounted for 25% to 46% of suicide attempters in varied categories. In the white category, sexual minority students accounted for 40.7% of suicide attempters in a one-year period."

Compared to Heterosexual Students, Bisexual Students Were at the Highest Risk for Having Attempted Suicide in their Lifetime: OR: 4.8 (25.3% Incidence) Followed by a 3.1 OR for Gay/Lesbian Students (18.0%) and a 2.2 OR for those Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation (13.6%). 6.6% of Heterosexual Students Reported Having Attempted Suicide in Their Lifetime. Note: The 3.1 OR for gay/lesbian students having attempted suicide in their lifetime somewhat replicates the 4.2 OR Reported by Whitlock & Knox (2007, university student sample) for gay/lesbian students.

"In the Past Year, 2008/2009, American Gay/Lesbian" Students Were the Most Likely to Attempted for the First Time in 2009 (24.4% of Lifetime GL suicide attempters), Followed by "Unsure" Students (19.8% of lifetime suicide attempters in the category) and About Equal Percentages for "Bisexual" (14.6% of lifetime Bisexual suicide attempters) and "Heterosexual" Students (15.1% of lifetime Heterosexual suicide attempters).

Comment: Given that the average student in the 2009 ACHA-NCHA study sample would have been at university for at least two years, it is likely that more that 25% of gay/lesbian lifetime suicide attempters attempted suicide "for the first time" only after they had enrolled in a university. This "attempted suicide" incidence has been reported to be high for sexual minority high school students (Youth Risk Behavior or similar surveys: Some results are given on this webpage), but significant numbers of sexual minority students maintaining high enough grade scores to permit them to go to universities will only attempt suicide for the first time after the arrive at university. Other high school sexual minority adolescents would likely not have the grades to permit them to go to a university, with their numbers being greatly overrepresented, for example, in the homeless population (See: Corliss HL, Goodenow CS, Nichols L, Austin SB (2011). High burden of homelessness among sexual-minority adolescents: findings from a representative Massachusetts high school sample. American Journal of Public Health, 101(9): 1683-9. Abstract. PDF Download. PDF Download. "Approximately 25% of lesbian/gay, 15% of bisexual, and 3% of exclusively heterosexual Massachusetts public high school students were homeless. Sexual-minority males and females had an odds of reporting current homelessness that was between 4 and 13 times that of their exclusively heterosexual peers. Sexual-minority youths' greater likelihood of being homeless was driven by their increased risk of living separately from their parents or guardians..."). See: More on the overrepresentation of sexual minority youth in street youth populations and their high attempted suicide incidences.) See an important caveat for the suicidality part of this study written immediately above "The 2011 University GLB Student Alert" section.

The Most Important Sexual Minority Deliberate Self-Injury Results Are:

Compared to Heterosexual Students, Bisexual Students Were at the Highest Risk for Deliberate Self-Injury in the Past Year: OR (Odds Ratio): 4.5 (17.1% Incidence), Followed by a 4.2 OR for Gay/Lesbian Students (16.3%) and a 3.7 OR for those Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation (14.7%). 4.4% of Heterosexual Students Reported Having Deliberately Self-Injured in the Past Year: 2008/2009. Note: Sexual minority students accounted for about one in five university students (19.7%) engaging in deliberate self-injury in 2008/2009. This result replicates the 21.3% reported in the 4-year longitudinal "College Life Study" of American undergraduate students.

Compared to Heterosexual Students, Bisexual Students Were at the Highest Risk for Deliberate Self-Injury in their Lifetime: OR: 4.7 (44.8% Incidence) Followed by a 2.6 OR for both Gay/Lesbian Students (31.4%) and Those Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation (31.4%). 14.8% of Heterosexual Students Reported Having Deliberately Self-Injured in Their Lifetime. Note: Whitlock & Knox (2007, university student sample) reported lifetime deliberate self-injury ORs to be 4.5 (45.2% incidence) for bisexual students, 2.8 (34.2% incidence) for students "questioning" their sexual orientation, and 1.3 (not statistically significant, 19.0% incidence) for gay/lesbian students.

"In the Past Year, 2008/2009, American Gay/Lesbian" Students Were the Most Likely to Have Deliberately Self-Injured for the First Time (51.9% of them), Followed by "Unsure" Students (46.8% of them), "Bisexual" Students (38.2% of them), and "Heterosexual" Students (29.7% of them).

Comment: Given that the average student in the 2009 ACHA-NCHA study sample would have been at university for at least two years, it is likely that more that 51.9% of gay/lesbian self-injurers deliberately self-injured "for the first time" only after they had enrolled in a university. Therefore, it can be suggested that the great majority of gay/lesbian students in universities began engaging in deliberate self-injury only after they enrolled in university. The same would apply for students unsure about their sexual orientation.

Important Comment on the Oswalt &Wyatt (2011) Study of the 2009 Fall ACHA-NCHA Data Set: All results should be generated separately for males and females. As is, because the sample is 64.1% female, and because female youth have often been reported to have higher incidences for both attempting suicide and deliberate self-injury than male youth, the combined results - as published - would more closely reflect the female situation. It is possible that, for example, the ORs for attempting suicide by sexual minority males (when compared to heterosexual males) are higher than those given in the male/female combined analyses, and lower for females (when compared to heterosexual females), as it has been the case in most sexual minority adolescent/youth studies reporting on attempting suicide. A similar situation may also apply for deliberate self-injury.

Additional Comment: Given that the multiple replications of study results is important in science, all of the ACHA-NCHA survey data sets (there are many of them) should have the suicidality and deliberate self-injury results generated on the basis of sexual orientation and the results should be officially published. At the very least, these results could be placed on the web to possibly encourage researchers to further analyze the data and then have the results officially published after peer review. To date, these data sets have generally been ignored by youth suicidality researchers (mostly located in universities) for reasons that should be explored. It is possible that there have been great pressures to not explore or publish "at risk" suicidality and self-injury results for sexual minority university/college students so that - for a number of possible unsavory reasons - these problems will not be officially recognized and addressed. Also possible: the problem is mentioned but nothing is actually done to address it. These situations can only result in the maintenance of the likely ongoing high "at risk" - and possibly life-threatening - status for many sexual minority students in American universities.

Whitlock et al. (2013, Tabled Data) reported on a part of what would be the sexual minority suicidality results that could be generated from a 2007 to 2009 longitudinal study of university students*:

For university students who had engaged in non-suicidal self injury in the past, the risk for later experiencing "suicide-related thoughts/behavior" or "suicide behavior" while at university was greatest for all non-heterosexual students (Unadjusted Models), and the greatest - at statistically significant levels - only for the "mostly gay/lesbian or gay/lesbian" group (Adjusted Models).
Note: When the least serious and most common form of suicidality (suicide ideation) is removed from the suicidality category, the risk for what remains (more serious forms of suicidality) increases even more for the "mostly gay/lesbian or gay/lesbian" group in the "Unadjusted Models" (ORs from 3.2 to 5.1) and the "Adjusted Models" (ORs from 2.5 to 4.3). This is consonant with multiple examples where sexual minority individuals have been reported to be more at risk for the more serious forms of suicidality. See: Related Webpage.
*For example, the varied forms of suicidality incidences could be compared between heterosexual students and sexual minority students (individually or combined) for the approximately 2 years following the initial intake of data (From the 2007 Wave 1 to the 2009 Wave 3). Data was likely also solicited that would permit suicidality incidence comparisons prior to 2007.

The Jed Foundation (TJF), Education Development Center, Inc. (EDC) (2012).
a guide to Campus Mental Health Action Planning. PDF Download Page.
Risk and Protective Factors Relevant to College Students (p.11):
"Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth" mentioned as risk factor for attempting suicide, but not suicide.
However, will what is proposed be appropriate/effective for at risk GLBT students?
The Jed Foundation. SPRC Resources: Colleges and Universities

Malley E, Posner M, Potter L, Suicide Prevention Resource Center (2008). Suicide risk and prevention for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth. Newton, MA: Education Development Center, Inc. Prepared by the Suicide Prevention Resource Center for the Center for Mental Health Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Download: http://www.sprc.org/library/SPRC_LGBT_Youth.pdf.

"The majority of literature reviews on LGB suicide attempts conclude that LGB youth have a significantly higher rate of attempting suicide than heterosexual youth. Furthermore, most suicide attempts among LGB people occur during adolescence and young adulthood (Kulkin, Chauvin, & Percle, 2000; Proctor & Groze, 1994; Remafedi et al., 1991). (The same holds true for people of all sexual orientations; national hospital data show self-harm rates are highest for youth age 15 through 19 years old (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2007))."

Alert! It is sometimes believed that, compared to heterosexual individuals, sexual minority individuals are only more at risk for attempting suicide only during adolescence. However, a New Zealand birth cohort study reports that their "higher risk" for attempting suicide continues to exist between the ages of 21 to 26 years, at least for sexual minority males (Skegg et al., 2003), with a re-analysis by Fergusson et al. (2005) indicating that the higher risk applies for both sexual minority males and females. In the United States, for young adults ranging in age from 18 to 26 years in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, Silenzio et al. (2007) reports that sexual minority males and females have remained more at risk for having attempted suicide in the past year, compared to their heterosexual counterpart (includes those reporting to be predominantly heterosexual): OR = 1.4<3.0<6.2, controlling for race, gender, and age. During adolescence for the same sample, Russell & Joyner (2001) report the "greater risk" factor to have been - OR = 2.48 (1.7, 3.6) - for sexual minority females, with an OR = 2.45 (1.5, 3.9) for sexual minority males, controlling for demographic factors.

Major Alert!

Are Homosexually Oriented Adolescents at Risk for Suicide?
Are Adolescents 'Teased' Because They Are Assumed to be Homosexual at Risk for Suicide?

Are Homosexually Oriented Adolescents at Risk for Suicide? - It is almost always reported on the basis of two psychological autopsy studies (Shaffer et al. 1995; Renaud et al. 2010) that homosexually oriented adolescents appear to not have been at greater risk for suicide, compared to heterosexual adolescents. At best, as related to these studies, Haas et al. (2011) offer the following:

"To date, psychological autopsy studies that have examined sexual orientation have used relatively small samples and have identified very few suicide decedents as having minority sexual orientation. In the New York study, 3 of 120 adolescent suicide decedents and none of a similar number of living community control subjects with whom the suicide victims were compared, were found to have a same-sex orientation (Shaffer et al., 1995). The Quebec study similarly identified same-sex orientation in 4 of 55 suicide adolescent suicide victims and none of the community control subjects (Renaud et al., 2010). Minority sexual orientation may have been underreported by key informants in these studies because they were not aware of, or chose to withhold this information (Renaud et al., 2010). In any case, conclusions based on the small numbers reported must be regarded as tentative."

In their conclusion, Shaffer et al. (1995) state: "This study shows a slight, but not significantly, higher rate of homosexual experience among teen suicides than controls." Renault et al. (2010) conclude with: "Our sample did not find same-sex sexual orientation and gender identity issues to be more prevalent among youth who die by suicide, ..." In both cases, statistical non-significance, as in p = or > 0.05 is deemed to mean: 'there is no difference' - or there is 'little difference' between the two groups. Concerning this, Gelman & Stern (2006) state: "As well, introductory courses regularly warn students about the perils of strict adherence to a particular threshold such as the 5% significance level. Similarly, most statisticians and many practitioners are familiar with the notion that automatic use of a binary significant/ nonsignificant decision rule encourages practitioners to ignore potentially important observed differences."

The Results for the Shaffer et al. (1995) and Renaud et al. (2010) are given in a Table. At a later date the results of a more sophisticated statistical analysis of both studies individually and both studies meta-combined will be made available. Given the "low count" problem, however, both groups of researchers failed to consider the possibility that adolescents reported to have been apparently "teased for being effeminate" as noted by Shaffer et al. (1995) would also be at greater risk for suicidality and therefore maybe for suicide. This suicidality risk is made evident from the Seattle 1995 Youth risk behavior data and is reported on in a highlighted web page section titled:

Calculating the "Total Homosexuality Factor In Adolescent Suicidality" (Alternate Link)
Using the Seattle 1995 Youth Risk Behavior Survey

That is, many adolescents who would not be known or deemed to be homosexually oriented (including those self-identifying as heterosexual), but are targeted for 'teasing' because they are gender nonconformable - that is the most common indicator for suspecting that one is homosexually oriented - are at risk for greater suicidality - such as reporting to have attempted suicide in the past year - compared to those not targeted for such 'teasing'. It should also be noted that such 'teasing' is likely more akin to what was reported by other researchers as emphasized in the following media report of Canadian research: Gay teens 'terrorized' in Canada's schools (2009, Study). Related: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. It must be noted that that most Canadian or American gay or bisexual identified teens in schools remain in the closet and that they are therefore harassed/abused/terrorized because they are "assumed" to be gay as opposed to "known" to be gay. As a result of this knowledge, the "at risk" category - as related to "Homosexuality Issues" - was expanded in both the Shaffer et al. (1995) and Renaud et al. (2010) to include those reported to have been 'teased' for gender non-conforming reasons. The result of this analysis are given in another Table and the results are as follows:

As a Group, Adolescents Deemed to be Homosexually Oriented and Adolescents
'Teased'/Abused/Terrorized Because Others Assumed Them to be Homosexual
Are Generally at risk for Suicide... More Likely So for Males.
Males and Females Combined: Shaffer et al. (1995), p = 0.008 - Renaud et al. (2010), p = 0.081
Males Only: Shaffer et al. (1995), p = 0.008 - Renaud et al. (2010), p = 0.028
New Related Webpage

Note: Suicidality researchers have almost totally neglected heterosexual self-identified adolescents who have been assumed to be gay or lesbian and abused accordingly, even though they have been recognized to exist:

In the last several months the media has covered a number of high‐profile suicides of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) youth, many of whom had been taunted, ridiculed and bullied in the days and months leading up to the decision to take their own lives. Those of us who work with LGBTQ young people know that this is nothing new: for many years, youth whose appearance or behavior challenges norms about sexual orientation, gender expression and identity have been the brunt of discrimination, psychological abuse and violence. This is as true for those who are self-identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender as it is for those who are perceived by others as straying from “the norm.” LA Unified School District and the LA Gay & Lesbian Center (2011). Project SPIN: Suicide Prevention Intervention Now. Full Text. See suicidality results from the Seattle 1995 Youth Risk Behavior Survey for heterosexual students targeted for anti-gay abuses. They are at much greater risk for having attempted suicide. Link.

Gelman A, Stern H (2006). The Difference Between “Significant” and “Not Significant” is not Itself Statistically Significant. The American Statistician, 60(4): 328-331. Full Text.

Major Alert!

Are Homosexually Oriented / Queer Youth at Risk for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury?

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: The Cutting Edge: Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescence (By Janis Whitlock): "Indeed, the only demographic variable to be significantly linked to NSSI is sexual orientation. Sexual minorities appear to be at higher risk than their heterosexual peers. In fact, youth identifying as bisexual or questioning have been shown to be at significantly elevated risk for self-injury compared to both their heterosexual and homosexual peers (Whitlock, Eckenrode, et al., 2006; Whitlock, Muehlenkamp, et al., 2009). This is particularly true for females."

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Has Been Linked to Suicidality in Youth, Including Sexual Minority Youth
(Whitlock & Knox, 2007: University Students, Tabled Results)

For Swedish Adolescent Students, those not being 100% Heterosexual Were Reported to be
At Greater Risk for Both Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSSI) [OR: 4.06, 1.95 - 8.47]
and Attempting Suicide [OR: 6.81, 3.70 - 12.55]: Wichstrom (2009).

These Results Were Replicated in the Massachusetts MetroWest Survey of Adolescent Students.
Kessel-Schneider et al. (2012) Report That Gay/Lesbian/Bisexual/Unsure Students are
More At Risk for NSSI (OR: 4.12, 3.42 - 4.96) & Attempting Suicide (OR: 5.17, 4.05 - 6.60) in the Past Year.

A Grade 8 Boy Reports on Bullying Since 1rst Grade & Self-Injury / Suicidality Since 2nd Grade (YouTube Video, 2011).
However, This Part of His Life Has Not Been Always Obvious, As Expected (YouTube Videos, 2011).
The Same Would Apply For Others In Similar Situations.

Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: Online Survey carried out by Finnbogason (2010) for a Master Dissertation Study of 385 Canadian aged 19 to 29 years. "The self-injury rate for the total sample (N = 385) was 40%. Of this, rates reported in the queer sample (n = 230) are 47% and 28% in the combined heterosexual sample (n = 155). This difference was statistically significant as calculated using chi-square with a Yates continuity correction; χ2 (1, n =385) = 12.60, p < .001, Φ = .19 (small effect size)." Queer Sample: Male Homosexual: n = 83 (22%), Male- Bisexual: n = 5 (1%), Female Homosexual: n = 80 (21%), Female Bisexual n = 40 (10%), Transgendered (female to male) all orientations combined: n = 5 (1%) vs. Heterosexual Sample: Male Heterosexual: n = 56 (15%), Female Heterosexual: n = 99 (26%).

"Attempted Suicide" Results: Published Studies 1970-1983 Homosexually Oriented Males and Females
Study	Sample GLB (n)	Compa- rison Group (n)	Attempted Suicide % (n / N), Odd Ratio (95% CI)	p
Saghir et al., 1970a (F*) Adults: Homophile Organization Chicago & San Francisco	57 Homo- Sexual	43 Hetero- Sexual	23% (13 / 57) vs. 5% (2 / 43)	0.012
Saghir et al., 1970b (M) Adults: Homophile Organization Chicago & San Francisco*	85 Homo- Sexual	35 Hetero- Sexual	7% (6 / 85) vs. 0% (0 / 35) Note: 5 / 6 attempted before age of 20 years	0.107
Roesler & Deisher, 1972 (M) - Age = 16-22 Years: Clinical: 48% = previous psychiatric care	60 Gay / Bisexual	None	31%	--
Bell & Weinberg, 1978 (M, F) Stratified Sampling: 1969, Bay Area, San Francisco Predominantly Homosexual & Predominantly Heterosexual Mean Ages = 26 to 36 Years Complete Tabulated Results	575 (M)	284 (M)	White Males, Lifetime 18.3% (105 / 575 vs. 3.2% (9 / 284) OR = 6.8 (3.4, 13.7)	0.000
	111 (M)	53 (M)	Black Males; Lifetime 19.8% (22 / 111) vs. 1.9% (1 / 53) OR = 12.8 (1.7, 98.2)	0.002
	229 (F)	101 (F)	White Females, Lifetime 25.3% (58 / 229) vs. 9.9% (10 / 101) OR = 3.1 (1.5, 6.3)	0.001
	64 (F)	38 (F)	Black Females, Lifetime 17.2% (11 / 64) vs. 18.4% (7 / 38)	0.874
	575 (M)	284 (m)	White Males: To Age 20 Years - 9.4% (54 / 575) vs. 0.7% (2 / 284) OR = 14.6 (3.5, 60.4)	0.000
Jay & Young, 1979 (M, F) Survey Questionnaire National USA	+5,000 Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual	None	40% (M). 39% (F) Attempters + those who only seriously considered suicide.	--
Harry, 1983a, Using Bell & Weinberg, 1978. Sample Data (1969)	Analysis of those who seriously considered suicide or attempted suicide (combined) as related to gender non- conformity (high/low rating, to age 17), sexual orientation, and loner status (high/low rating).
* F = Female, M = Male

"Attempted Suicide" Results: Published Studies 1987-1991 Homosexually Oriented Males and Females
Study	Sample GLB (n)	Compa- rison Group (n)	Attempted Suicide Incidences % (n / N)	p
Remafedi, 1987 (M*) Age = 15-19	29	None	34%	--
Bradford & Ryan, 1988, 1994. (F*) Adults: 1984-85 National Volunteer Sample	1925	None	All: 19%, White: 16% Latina: 28% Black: 27%	--
Martin & Hetrick, 1988. (M, F) Youth Receiving Social Services New York		None	21%	--
Uribe & Harbeck, 1992. (M) Gay High School Students (LA)	37	None	50%	--
Uribe & Harbeck, 1992. (F) Lesbian High School Students (LA)	13	None	23%	--
Schneider et al., 1989. (M) College & Community Gay Rap Groups (LA)	106	None	23%	--
Remafedi et al., 1991. Age = 14-21 Years: Volunteers: Gay Community. US Midwest & Pacific Northwest. - Additional Results.	139	None	30% 58% of attempts = moderate to low chance of rescuability.	--
* F = Female, M = Male

BEM: Femininity / Masculinity Categories & Suicidality Gay And Bisexual Male Youth: Age 14 - 21 Years Remafedi, Farrow & Deisher (1991)
Femininity / Masculinity Categories	Feminine	Androgynous: 31% Undifferentiated: 26%	Masculine
% of Males in Category	23% (31/137)	31% + 26% = 57% (42/137) / (35/137)	20% (28/137)
Attempted Suicide Percent Incidence	48% (15/31)	Androgynous = 26%, Undifferentiated = 34% (23/77 = 30% )¹	11% (3/28)^{2, 3}
Attempted Suicide Percent Incidence	Feminine = 48%, Androgynous = 26%, Undifferentiated = 34% (38/108 = 35.2% )		11% (3/28)⁴
Bem Sex Role Inventory: Feminine: High F, Low M scores- Masculine: Low F, High M scores Androgynous High F & M scores - Undifferentiated: Low F & M scores Greater risk (95% Confidence Intervals) for attempting suicide: 1. "Feminine" Category vs. this Category - RR = .98<1.6<2.7 (χ² = 3.3, p = .068); 2. "Feminine" Category vs. this Category - RR = 1.4<4.5<14.0 (χ² = 9.8, p = .002); "Androgynous / Undifferentiated" Category vs. this Category - RR = .91<2.8<8.6 (χ² = 4.0, p = .044); 4. "Feminine / Androgynous / Undifferentiated" Category vs. this Category - RR = 1.1<3.3<9.9 (χ² = 6.3, p = .012).

North American Lifetime "Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random: GLB Community or GLB Services Homosexually Oriented Youth: 1993 - 1999
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age
Hammelman (1993)	48 28 (M) 20 (F)	None	29% (14 / 48)	Iowa, USA: GLB Support Groups College / Community: 96% White Age = 15 - 32 Years
D'Augelli & Hershberger (1993)	194 142 (M) 52 (F)	None	42%	GLB Community Support Groups, USA - Canada Age: <= 21 Years
Proctor & Groze (1994)	221 159 (M) 62 (F)	None	40.3% (89 / 221)	GLB Community Groups USA, Canada Age <= 21 Years
Remafedi (1994)	239 (M)	None	29.5% (70 / 237)	GLB Community Sites, Appeals, Advertisements, Referrals. USA Age = 13 - 21 Years
Rotheram- Borus et al. (1994)	132 (M)	None	39% (51 / 131)	Hispanic: 51%, Black: 30%. White: 12%. Hetrick & Martin, New York GLB Service Organization: 1988-91 Age = 14 - 19 Years
Waldo et al. (1998)	54 38 (M) 16 (F)	None	31.5% (17 / 54)	US Rural University Setting Organizations / Events Age = 16 - 21 Years
Lehmann et al. (1998)	53 (F)	None	27%	Study Participants Contacted by Lesbian Organization: USA Age = 15 - 44 Years
Grossman & Kerner (1998)	58 (M)	None	26% (15 / 58)	Volunteers, 1995: New York Drop-In: Hetrick-Martin Institute. Mostly Black and Latino/a Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Identified Mean Age: 17.6 Years, 14 - 21 Years
Grossman & Kerner (1998)	32 (F)	None	38% (12 / 38)
Safren & Heimberg (1999)	56 29 (M) 27 (F)	48 21 (M) 27 (F)	30.9% (17 / 55) vs.12.5% (6 / 48)	USA: After-School Education or Recreation; Job Training, YMCA Age = 16 - 21 Years, About 36% White All Attempters: OR = 3.1 (1.1, 8.8) Attempters With Intent to Die OR = 5.1 (1.1, 24.6)
Safren & Heimberg (1999)	56 29 (M) 27 (F)	48 21 (M) 27 (F)	17.9% (10 / 55) vs. 4.2% (2 / 48)
* M = Males - F = Females

North American Lifetime "Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random: GLB Community, GLB Services, Internet or Other. - Homosexually Oriented Youth / Adults: 2000 - 2013
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age, Odd Ratio ((5%CI) - p
D'Augelli et al. (2001)	350 (MF*)	None	34% Lifetime	GLB Community Support Groups, USA - Canada Age: <= 21 Years
Savin- Williams (2001)	83 (F)	None	17% (14 / 83)	41% Lesbian: True Attempters See Table
	73 (F) 1 to 100% Homosexual	79 (F) 100% Heterosexual	10% (7 / 73) vs. 8% (6 / 79)	University Students: See Table OR: 1.3 (0.41, 5.0), p = 0.661
	52 (M) 1 to 100% Homosexual	61 (M) 100% Heterosexual	9%: (5 / 53) vs. 2% (1 / 61)	University Students: See Table 6.2 (0.71, 6.9), p = 0.063
D'Augelli (2002)	542 336 (M) 206 (F)	None	37% 36% (M) 39% (F) Lifetime	D'Augelli & Hershberger (1993) D'Augelli et al. (2001) Combined - 75% White Age = 15 - 21 Years
Remafedi (2002)	254 (M)	None	33.5% (85 / 254) (4.7% in the Past Year)	Volunteers: Popular Gay Venues in Major metropolitan area: Minneapolis/St. Paul, Minnesota. Criteria: Same-Sex Sex, Past Year. 85% White, 8.8% Black Age: 15 - 25 Years
Carragher & Rivers (2002)	203 (M)	None	18.7% (38 / 203) Lifetime	American Volunteers: Gay Community Mean Age: 25.3 Years, 18 to 30 Years 97% With Some University Education (13%), in College (13%), or with One or More University Degree (71%) Carragher (1999)
Kephart (2003)	33 (M) 19 (F)	None	36.5% Lifetime	Volunteers from College GLBT Groups. Likely: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 88.5% Caucasian. Sexual Orientation Ratings from 1 (100% Homosexual) to 7 (100% Heterosexual): 1 (n =14, 26.9%), 2 (n =23, 44.2%), 3 (n=5, 9.6%), 4 (n=6, 11.5%), 5 (n=4, 7.7%). Age: 18 to 35 years, mean age: 21.4 years.
Savin-Williams & Ream (2003)	51 (M)	None	6 / 51 12% Past Year	Detroit, Affirmation Gay Support Group. Ages: 14 to 23 Years Mean Age: 18.4 Years
Savin-Williams & Ream (2003)	681 (M)	None	12% Past Year	OutProud Internet Sample: USA/Canada (n = 117), UK/ Ireland (n = 327), Australia/ New Zealand (n = 237)
Igartua et al. (2003)	Clinical Sample: 61 (MF) Community Sample: 136 (MF)	None	Clinical: 23% Community 14% Lifetime	Sample Combined: Mean Age: 33 Years Rage: 18 to 63 Years Study Carried Out in Montreal, Canada.
Rosario et al. (2005)	156 (MF) 80 (M) 76 (F)	None	All: 35.3% (55 / 156) 17.9% (28 / 156) Med. Care	Volunteers: 3 GLB Community & 2 GLB Student organizations: New York, 1993-95 Latino: 37%, Black: 35%, White: 22% Mean Age: 18.3 (SD: 1.6), 14-21 Years
D'Augelli et al. (2005) See Tabulated Results	361 202 (M) 159 (F)	None	31.4% (166 / 528) True Attempts: 14.8% (78 / 528)	Black (41%), Hispanic (29%), White (27%), New York GLB Service Organizations Age = 15 - 19 Years
Clatts et. al. (2005) Additional Results: - Race - - Sexual Orientation - - Suicidality -	549	None	33.4% Lifetime	Sampling: Popular Gay Venues, New York 26.7% White: See Tabulated Information Mean Age: 21.7 (SD: 2.9), 17 to 28 Years
	320	None	26.6%	Never Homeless
	249	None	42.2%	Ever Homeless
	166	None	41.8%	Previously Homeless
	83	None	43.4%	Presently Homeless
Walls et al. (2008)	142 (MF)	None	57 / 142 40.1% Lifetime	GLBT Youth Receiving Services at a Denver, Colorado GLBT Community Social Services Agency: "Rainbow Alley." Age Range: 14-21 Years, 82%: 16-19 Years. 29% White, 28% Bi/Multi-Racial, 20% Latino.
Moon et al. (2007)	77: Only Same-Sex Partners	None	21 / 77 27.3% Lifetime	Volunteers (1999 & 2001): Receiving services at the Richmond Organization for Sexual Minority Youth, Richmond, Virginia. Age Range: 14 to 21 Years Sexually Bisexual Youth are more at risk for attempting suicide, compared to Sexually Homosexual Youth: OR: 1.2<4.4<15.8
Moon et al. (2007)	27 Both-Sex Partners	None	17 / 26 65.4% Lifetime
Kipke et al. (2007)	526 (M)	None	All: 4% White: 4% Black: 5% Latino: 4%	2005 Volunteer Venue Sample, Los Angeles, Age: 18 to 24 years. 95 (37%) Caucasian, 126 (24%) African American, and 205 (39%) Latino YMSM of Mexican descent. 74% Gay, 16% Bisexual. Attempted Suicide: Past year Speculated to not be "at risk" by comparing results with author generated national results for 18 year-old males in school: The CDC's Youth Risk Behavior Survey Data Set. See Contested Conclusion in Table Below.
Kipke et al. (2007)	526 (M)	None	All: 2% White: 1% Black: 2% Latino: 3%
Corliss et al. (2009)	Study Participants (F): Los Angeles County, N = 1,253) - San Francisco Bay area. N = 748. 82.8% Lesbian 11.2% Bisexual	None	10.2% Attempted Suicide Before Age = 18 Years. Lifetime: 18%	Volunteer, self-administered, mailed questionnaire. 67% White, Mean Age: 40 Years, SD: 12 Years. Attempted Suicide = 14 to 18% for LB females with early sexual orientation development milestones ( < 18 Years).
Mustanski et al. (2010)	246 GLBT	None	31%, Lifetime 6.5%, Past Year	2007-08 non-random community sample of 246 ethnically diverse youths (57.3% African-American) aged 16 to 20 years living in the Chicago area: 90% GLB, 28% Bisexual, 49% Born Male, 8% Transgender. Survey Instrument: Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) version 4.0. "First Time" use in study of GLBT adolescents. Additional Results: Table Below.
Outlaw et al. (2011) Hightow-Weidman et al. (2011)	363 84% Gay / Homosexual, Bisexual Males	None	23% Lifetime 79 / [338 to 349?] Almost half of suicide attempters attempted suicide more than once.	Washington, DC. Multisite Cohort recruited from 2006-2009 for a Cohort Study. All HIV Positive. All Racial/Ethnic Minority. African American (67%), Latino (21%), Multiravial (12%), N = 363. Mean age: 20.4 Years. Attempted Suicide Incidence if age of sexual debut was less than age of 16: 29% Attempted Suicide Incidence if age of sexual debut was at theage of 16 or older: 18% Data Intake: Interview Format
House, et al. (2011) Internet Sample	Males n = 524	None	17.7% Lifetime	Males: Gay (n = 465), Bisexual (n = 42), Other (n = 17) Lifetime Self-Harm: 10.3%
	Females n = 438	None	26.7% Lifetime	Females: Lesbian (n = 335), Bisexual (n = 91), Other (n= 12) Lifetime Self-Harm: 30.4%
	Transgender n = 164	None	34.8% Lifetime	Transgender: Heterosexual (n = 42), Gay / Lesbian (n = 26), Bisexual (n= 65), Other (n = 31) Lifetime Self-Harm: 29.9%
Langhinrichsen- Rohling et al. (2011)	Same-Sex n = 33 M/F 2.3% of Study Sample	Opposite-Sex n = 1,212 M/F	19% vs. 7% Lifetime * RR: 2.6 p = 0.029	Same-Sex Attraction: 39% Girls, 79& African American, 12% Caucasian Opposite-Sex Attraction: 48% Girls, 48% African American, 40% Caucasian
	Both-Sex n = 167 M/F 12% of Study Sample	Opposite-Sex n = 1,212 M/F	23% vs. 7% Lifetime * RR: 3.2 p = 0.000	Both-Sex Attraction: 64% Girls, 48.5% African American, 36% Caucasian Note: Results also given on lifetime and recent suicidal ideation. * RR (Risk Ratios) and p-value (Fisher, 2-tailed) Calculated by Webpage Author from data derived from given percentages and n's, and calculated n's.
	Sample Composition: "[R]ecruited from three locations that varied in their risk profile (a socioeconomic and ethnically diverse urban high school, an Early Warning Truancy Program for youth with excessive absences from school, and a youth center that is the entry point for the juvenile justice system) but were located within the same urban area."
Fisher et al. (2011)	Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer N = 770	None	All: 18.2%, Lifetime. Transgender: 37% Lowest Income: 40% Highest Income: 7%	Nebraska: Omaha Metro (68%), Lincoln Metro (20%) & Surrounding Area (12%): 60% male, 37% Female, 3% 'Other', 12% Transgender. Ages: 19 to 70 years, most (64%) 19 to 39 years. Having attempting suicide not related to education, age, race / ethnicity, or geographic location, but related to income, gender (higher for females), and transgender status.
Perez & Torres (2011)	305 (F)	None	18.4% Lifetime	305 Volunteer Chicago Latina LGBTQQ participants, 13-60 years old. 50% identify as lesbian/gay/homosexual, 8.8% bisexual, 6.5% queer, 1% heterosexual, 4.5% uncertain/questioning, and 9.7 percent do not use labels to identify themselves.
Marshal et al. (2012)	Lesbian, Gay (n = 8) or Bisexual Identity (n = 21). Same-sex romantic attraction only (n = 2). 31 (F)	496 (F) Hetero- sexual	Self-Harm (Past 12 months): 12.9% vs, 2.0% - OR: 7.20 (2.12-24.45)	Pittsburgh Girl Cohort Sampled at ages 5 to 8 years: N = 2,451. Study Sample - Girls age 17 years: n = 527 [85% (527/622) of the original cohort]. Also at greater risk for suicide ideation, substance use and mental disorders.
Chirico (2012)	983 (M, F) Identification: Man: 44.6% Woman: 48.7% Other: 6.6%	None	23% Lifetime	Volunteer Internet Sample via Facebook & Word of Mouth. Ages: 21 to 70+, Mostly 21-49 Identification: 71% Homosexual 29% Bisexual / Other
Cochran et al. (2013)	409 (M, F) USA Veterans Identification: Male: 64.7% Female: 27.2%	None	14.7% Lifetime Serious Suicide Attempt	425 Volunteer USA Veterans. Excluded from Analysis: 16 Transgender / Other: 8.1% Ages: 19-83, Mean: 45 Years Identified as Gay / Lesbian:: 93.2%. White: 87.3%
Irwin & Austin (2013)	1,141 (F) Lesbian Identified	None	15.9% Average, Lifetime	Lesbian Social Life study: 2007 - 2008, mostly internet sample. Attempted Suicide, Lifetime Incidence, ranges from 9.9% to 20.8% in varied demographic categories.
* M = Males - F = Females

The Fenway Institute's CORE Data Project Cross-Sectional Study: Participants, Community Health Center
Categories	Hetero- sexual	Gay/ Lesbian	Bi- sexual	Ques- tioning
N's (Given)	1,283	1,373	147	38
Mean Age Years	26.36	35.86	32.97	30.81
% Male	50.4%	81.1%	46.9%	34.2%
Suicide Ideation & Suicide Attempt Incidence (Given)	n = 37 2.9%	n = 148 10.8%	n = 26 17.7%	n = 6 15.8%
Approximate n's Estimated	37 / 0.029 = 1,276	148 / 0.108 = 1,370	26 / 0.177 = 147	6 / 0.158 n = 38
Yes - No Attempted Suicide	37 - 1,239	148 - 1,222	26 - 121	6 - 32
Estimated Odds Ratios *	1.0 Reference Category	4.1 (2.8 - 6.0) p < 0.000	7.2 (4.1 - 12.7) p < 0.000	6.3 (2.2 - 17.0) p < 0.000
	*Odds Ratio Calculations by Webpage Author: 2-way Contingency Table Analysis: http://statpages.org/ctab2x2.html
Comments	Given the differences in "Mean Ages" and "% Males," plus other differences between compared groups, the above Odds Ratios are likely rough approximations. More accurate calculations for Odds Ratios would require control variables. Such ORs were not generated by the study authors. The following appears to be an error by the authors: "Self-identified sexual minority individuals were significantly more likely (p < .05) to report suicide attempts than their heterosexual peers (44.3% vs. 2.9%)." The "44.3%" is likely an error.
Data Source: Woodward (2013) The Fenway Institute: http://www.fenwayhealth.org/

The Savin-Williams 2001 Study 1: Sexual Minority Women "Attempting Suicide" Criteria *
Categories	University Students n = 72	Community Support Groups n = 11	All N = 83
% White	90%: 65 / 72 **	64%: 7 / 11	86.7%: 72 / 83
% Lesbian Identified	35%: 23 / 72	82%: 8 / 11	41%: 31 / 83
% Reporting Attempt(s)	19%: 14 / 72	45%: 5 / 11	23%: 19 / 83
% True Suicide Attempters	12%: 9 / 72	45%: 5 / 11	17%: 14 / 83
% False Suicide Attempters	7%: 5 / 72	0.0%: 0 / 11	6%: 5 / 83
% of Suicide Attempters = False	38% : 5 / 14	0.0%: 0 / 5	26%: 5 / 19
Sample: USA Volunteers with nonheterosexual sexual identity, Mean Age: 21.9 Years, 18 to 25 Years. Criteria for Determining False Suicide Attempters: If their "Suicide Attempt(s) was described as one of the following: 1. Thought seriously about it. - 2. Had a plan but did not carry it out. - 3. Had a method but did not carry it out. * Counts not given. Estimated from given percentages.

The Savin-Williams 2001 Study 2 Sexual Minority Female University Students "Attempting Suicide" Criteria *
Categories	Kinsey Rating ¹ "1 to 7" n = 73	Kinsey Rating ¹ "0" n = 79	Odd Ratios ² (95%CI), p (Fisher Exact, 2-sided)
% Reporting Attempt(s)	22%: 16 / 73 ³	11%: 9 / 79	2.2 (0.83, 5.8) p = 0.124 [One-sided: p = 0.063]
% True Suicide Attempters	10%: 7 / 73	8%: 6 / 79	1.3 (0.36, 4.6) p = 0.775
% Suicide Attempters Medical Care Received	3%: 2 / 73	3%: 2 / 79	1.1 (0.11, 11.1) p = 1.000 [One-sided: p = 0.660]
% False Suicide Attempters	12%: 9 / 73	4%: 3 / 79	3.6 (0.94, 13.9) p = 0.071 [One-sided: p = 0.049]
% of Suicide Attempters = False	56% : 9 / 16	33%: 3 / 9	2.6 (0.36, 20.1) p = 0.411 [One-sided: p = 0.248]
Sample: USA Volunteers Taking Introductory University Courses (Human Development, Sexuality), Mean Age: 20.2 Years, 17 to 25 Years. *Criteria for Determining False Suicide Attempters: If their "Suicide Attempt(s) was described as one of the following: 1. Thought seriously about it. - 2. Had a plan but did not carry it out. - 3. Had a method but did not carry it out. 1. Kinsey Ratings: "0" = "exclusively heterosexual". "1 to 7" = "slightly" to "exclusively homosexual". 2. Odds ratios are calculated from estimated counts. 3. Counts not given. Estimated from given percentages.

The Savin-Williams 2001 Study 2 Sexual Minority Male University Students "Attempting Suicide" Criteria *
Categories	Kinsey Rating ¹ "1 to 7" n = 53	Kinsey Rating ¹ "0" n = 61	Odd Ratios ² (95%CI), p (Fisher Exact, 2-sided)
% Reporting Attempt(s)	23%: 12 / 53 ³	2%: 1 / 61	17.6 (2.2, 375.5) p = 0.001
% True Suicide Attempters	9%: 5 / 53	2%: 1 / 61	6.2 (0.67, 146.3) p = 0.095 [One-sided: p = 0.074]
% Suicide Attempters Medical Care Received	6%: 3 / 53	0.0%: 0 / 61	p = 0.097 [One-sided: p = 0.097]
% False Suicide Attempters	13%: 7 / 53	0.0%: 0 / 61	p = 0.004
% of Suicide Attempters = False	58% : 7 / 12	0.0%: 0 / 1	p = 0.462 [One-sided: p = 0.462]
Sample: USA Volunteers Taking Introductory University Courses (Human Development, Sexuality), Mean Age: 20.2 Years, 17 to 25 Years. Criteria for Determining False Suicide Attempters: If their "Suicide Attempt(s) was described as one of the following: 1. Thought seriously about it. - 2. Had a plan but did not carry it out. - 3. Had a method but did not carry it out. 1. Kinsey Ratings: "0" = "exclusively heterosexual". "1 to 7" = "slightly" to "exclusively homosexual". 2. Odds ratios are calculated from estimated counts. 3. Counts not given. Estimated from given percentages. Note: Given that 5 of the 6 true suicide attempters were non-heterosexual and that the 3 suicide attempters who received medical attention were all non-heterosexual males, this result should maybe have caused a major alert to be sounded at the counseling services of the university where the study sample was taken. Update:* Redoing the statistical analyses using more appropriate unconditional statistical tests, as opposed to the more conservative Fisher exact test, produced statistical significant results for the above analysis as well as for the analysis using only suicide attempters reporting that they had received medical care. See: Related Webpage.

Mustanski et al. (2010): GLBT Chicago Adolescents
Categories	Attempted Suicide, Lifetime	Possible Comparison: ¹ Chicago Cohorts Age: 15-20 Years	Attempted Suicide, Past Year	Possible Comparison: ² Chicago Cohorts Age: 15-20 Years	Possible Comparison: ³ Chicago YRBS Age: Mostly 14-18
All, N = 246 90% GLB Age: 16-20 Years	31.0%	Cohort 12: 2.9% Cohort 15: 6.4% Average: 4.6%, Lifetime	6.5%	Cohort 12: 1.5% Cohort 15: 1.1% Average: 1.3%, Past Year	2003 & 2005 Chicago YRBS Average: 31%, Past Year
Born Male: 121	25.8%	See: 4	3.3%
Born Female: 125	36.0%		9.6%
Transgender: 20	45.0%		10.0%
Lesbian/Gay: 151	34.0%		7.3%
Bisexual: 70	21.4%		4.3%
African-American: 141	31.2%		6.4%
White: 34	28.1%		3.1%
Latino/Latina: 28	32.1%		7.1%
Mustanski et al (2010) Study: 2007-08 non-random community sample of 246 ethnically diverse youths aged 16 to 20 years. Survey Instrument: Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) version 4.0. 1, 2: Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods (PHDCN): Suicide Interview, Wave 3, 2000-2002: Unweighted Results for cohort 12 (Age: 15-17 Years, N = 545) & Cohort 15 (Age: 18-20 Years, N = 436) available online. Survey Instrument: Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC) version 4.0. Cohorts are likely to be near-random. As a rough estimate from 2 studies having used the same survey instrument, it would appear that GLB Chicago adolescents have been at much greater risk for Lifetime Suicide Attempts (31% vs. 4.6%), OR: 9.3. - Also at greater risk for having Attempted Suicide, Past Year: (6.5% vs. 1.3%), OR: 5.3. 3. The GLB average incidence for "Attempted Suicide, Past Year" was calculated for the 2003 (32%) and 2005 (30) Chicago Youth Risk Behavior Surveys (YRBS, Pencil & Paper): 31% (Chicago GLB YRBS results are given on a separate web page). Methodologies are much different, the long suspected proposition being that YRBS produce greatly over-estimated GLB "Attempted Suicide" Results for adolescents. Question to Ask: Are YRBS Heterosexual adolescents' "Attempted Suicide, Past Year"incidences similarly over-estimated? The answer is likely "Yes" given the following... The Chicago Cohorts 2000-2002 results (1.3% Attempted Suicide Incidence, Past Year) for all Chicago adolescents of all sexual orientations (about 95% heterosexual), and the CDC reported 2001 YRBS incidence for all Chicago students was 11.8%, suggests that the YRBS "Attempted Suicide, Past Year) results for all students are inflated by about a "9.1-times factor" (11.8 / 1.3) when compared to the 1.3% Chicago cohorts estimate. Furthermore, If we compare the Chicago GLB YRBS results (31%, attempted suicide, past year) with the Mustanksi et al (2010) GLB results (6.5%), we can estimate that the GLB YRBS are only inflated by a factor of 4.8-times (31.0 / 6.5), the suggestion being that Heterosexual adolescents are more likely - maybe by a 2-times factor - to report 'false' suicide attempts (such as a 'near attempt' reported to be a suicide attempt), compared to GLB adolescents. If so, this would also mean that all "Attempted Suicide, Past Year" ORs (GLB vs. Heterosexual) reported or published for YRBS studies have been underestimated. This proposition is also consonant with the report/observation that GLB individuals, and especially males, have been generally more at risk for the more serious suicidal behaviors, compared to their heterosexual counterparts. See related webpage. 4. Paul et al. (2002) reports - for a four-city USA random sample of Gay/Bisexual men (N = 2,881) that included Chicago - the following "Lifetime Attempted Suicide" incidence to the age of 24 years for GB men divided in 4 birth cohorts: ≤25 y in 1970 (3%), 25 y in 1971–1980 (8%), 25 y in 1981–1990 (8%), 25 y after 1990 (11%) - p = 0.001, with little difference in suicidality rates for the major 'race' groups. The suggestion is that GB male youth suicidality had been increasing over the years and, if the Mustanski et al (2010) results for GB males is used as an indicator, it is possible that the Lifetime GB Male Youth Attempted Suicide incidence may have doubled from 1985-95 (11% to age 24), to 2007 for the Chicago GB males in the Mustanski et al. (2010) study aged 16 to 20 years, or to the average age of 18 Years: 25.8%. Noting here that the Paul et al. (2002) also used a structured interview format containing multiple suicidality questions. Noting also that the Paul et al. (2002) "Lifetime Attempted Suicide" results for the "25 years-old after 1990" cohort would be less than 11% it it had been given to the age of 18 years. This proposition and the possible reasons for this increase in GB male suicidality over the years is available in Tremblay P, Ramsay R (2004). The Changing Social Construction of Western Male Homosexuality: Associations With Worsening Youth Suicide problems. Updated Paper.

Suicidality of 2005 Venue Sampled Gay/Bisexual in Kipke et al. (2007) Study Comparison Issues/Problems With CDC's 2005 National Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results
Categories	% Incidence Attempted Suicide, Past Year	% Incidence, Attempted Suicide, Received Medical Attention, Past Year
Kipke et al. (2007) Results: Using YRBS Style Questions For 18 to 24-Year-Old Males	20 / 526 = 3.8% Given as 4% ¹	10 / 526 = 1.9% Given as 2% ¹
Kipke et al. Generated National YRBS Results, 2005: 18 Year-Old Part of Sample: N = 1046	56 / 1046 = 5.35 Given as 6% ²	16 / 1046 = 1.53% Given as 2% ²
Note: As stated by authors, it looks like GB males are not at greater risk for suicidality, or they are at lesser risk, thus warranting further investigation. The CDC does not generate and report YRBS results based on age, but only based on high school grade level. On average, the oldest male students - those closest in age to the males in the Kipke et al. (2007) sample - would be in Grade 12.
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grade 9	6.8%	2.1%
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grade 10	7.3%	2.2%
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grade 11	4.5%	1.4%
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grade 12	4.3%	1.0%
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grades 9-12	6.0%	1.8%
Note: It appears like GB males, compared to Grade 12 males nationally, may have twice the risk of an attempted suicide associated with having received medical attention. Also: Why is the generated national "attempted suicide" incidence for 18-year-old males by Kipke et al (2007) almost as high as it is for males in grades 9 and 10? And almost 50% higher than that generated by the CDC for males in grades 11 and 12 in 2005?
Note: The CDC Grades 9-12 national male "attempted suicide" incidences are obtained from widely varying results ranging from a high incidence of 12.7% in North Carolina, to a low of 2.8% in New Hampshire, and from a high of 14.2% in a city such as New Orleans to a low of 2.1% in Los Angeles, where the Kipke sample was taken. Thus explaining why researchers should always compare their results with those of a similar sample taken at least in the same city and also in the same year (because changes often occur from year to year) with a similar survey instrument! Or else, what will be concluded in terms of relative risk will likely be meaningless, at best; or it may be manipulative, as in maybe also being 'politically' motivated, at its worse.
CDC (2006) Results, 2005 YRBS, Males, Grade 9-12, Los Angeles	2.1%	1.2%
Not Available, But 'Roughly' Estimated for Grades 11-12 Males in the Los Angeles 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. This was done using, as a guide, the relative incidences in the above national "attempted suicide" incidences for males.	2.1% X (4.3 / 6.0 = 0.73) 1.5%	1.2% X (1.25 / 1.8% = 0.69) 0.83
Note: As a rule, the two "attempted suicide" incidences for males decrease significantly from Grades 9-10 to Grades 11-12, and the incidences likely continue to decrease to let's say the mean age of 20 (being another 3 years older, on average), or for males ranging in age from 18 to 24 years, as in the Kipke et al. sample. Therefore, for males aged 18 to 24 years living in Los Angeles in 2005, the "attempted suicide" incidences may have been yet another third less than for the above estimate for Grades 11-12 males in LA.
Estimated Incidences of 18-24-year-old males in LA in 2005. These figures also include the likely overrepresented suicidality of gay/bisexual males in the sample studied. Therefore, the incidences would be even lower for heterosexual males only.	1.0%	0.56%
Meaning? Possible? Likely? ³If so, similar to Silenzio et al (2007) results given in Table for young adults aged 18 to 26 years. Also similar to Whitlock & Knox (2007) result for mostly undergraduate students at two universities: Table.	Kipke et al. GB Males: 4-Times More at Risk.	Kipke et al. GB Males: Almost 4-Times The Risk
1. Possible Non-Responders to the Question. 2.Discrepancy is likely the result of non-responders to the "Attempted Suicide" question. 3. Kipke et al (2007): "While not a perfect comparison given the younger age of the YRBSS respondents and the fact that not all HYM data could be compared to this national sample, these comparisons do suggest that YMSM may not be at much greater risk for negative health outcomes associated with diet, weight, physical activity, and suicide, although they may be at increased risk for exposure to STIs and HIV infection."

Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM): New York Age: 17 to 28 Years - Mean: 21.7 Years: 'Race'/Ethnicity
Categories	All MSM Males **	** Ever Homeless	Never Homeless	Previously Homeless	Currently Homeless
N's Percent	569 100%	249 43.8%	320 56.2%	166 29.2%	83 14.7%
Age: Mean, (SD)	21.7 (2.9)		21.8 (2.9)	21.6 (2.9)	21.4 (2.9)
White, % Category, % White, n's*	26.7% 100% 152	16.5% 27.0% 41 : 111	34.7% 73.0% 111 : 41	20.5% 22.4% 34 : 118	8.4% 4.6% 7 : 145
Black, % of Category, % Black, n's* OR (95%CI): vs. White p ***	22.7% 100% 129	24.1% 46.5% 60 : 69 2.4 (1.4, 3.9) 0.0006	21.6% 53.5% 69 : 60	22.9% 29.4% 38 : 91 1.4 (0.85, 2.5) 0.175	26.5% 17.1% 22 : 107 4.3 (1.7, 10.3) 0.0006
Hispanic, % of Category, % Hispanic, n's* OR (95%CI): vs. White p *******	40.4% 100% 230	50.2% 54.3% 125 : 105 3.2 (2.1, 5.0) 0.0000	32.8% 45.7% 105 : 125	48.8% 35.2% 81 : 149 1.9 (1.2, 3.0) 0.007	53.0% 19.1% 44 : 186 4.9 (2.1, 11.2) 0.0000
Others, % of Category, % Others, n's* OR (95%CI): vs. White p *******	10.2% 100% 58	9.2% 39.6% 23 : 35 1.8 (0.94, 3.4) 0.074	10.9% 60.4% 35 : 23	7.8% 22.4% 13 : 45 1.0 (0.48, 2.1) 0.994	12.0% 17.2% 10 : 48 4.3 (1.6, 12.0) 0.003
*** Statistics 4 'Races': Chi Square		28.7 0.001	28.7 0.000	8.8 0.05	16.9 0.001
Data Source: Clatts et. al. (2005) * The n's are not given. Estimated from given percentages in Homeless Categories n's = Yes : No - within each 'Race'/Ethnic category Assuming that all study participants responded to the questions asked. Generally not given. Calculated from other data. * Odd Ratios and Significance calculated by web page author.

Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM): New York Sexual Orientation Categories
Categories	All MSM Males **	** Ever Homeless	Never Homeless	Previously Homeless	Currently Homeless
N's Percent	569 100%	249 43.8%	320 56.2%	166 29.2%	83 14.7%
Age: Mean, (SD)	21.7 (2.9)		21.8 (2.9)	21.6 (2.9)	21.4 (2.9)
Gay, % of Category % of Gay Males n's*	63.4% 100% 361	49.4% 34.1% 123 : 238	74.4% 65.9% 238 : 123	56.0% 25.8% 93 : 268	36.1% 8.3% 30 : 331
Bisexual, % of Category % of Bisexual Males n's* OR (95%CI): vs. Gay p ***	23.9% 100% 136	31.3% 57.4% 78 : 58 2.6 (1.7, 3.9) 0.0000	17.8% 42.6% 58 : 78	29.5% 36.0% 49 : 87 1.6 (1.1, 2.5) 0.024	34.9% 21.3% 29 : 107 3.0 (1.7, 5.2) 0.0000
Hetero..., % of Category % of Heterosexual Males n's* OR (95%CI): vs. Gay p *******	7.2% 100% 41	12.0% 73.2% 30 : 11 5.3 (2.6, 10.9) 0.000	3.4% 28.8% 11 : 30	7.2% 29.3% 12 : 29 1.2 (0.58, 2.4) 0.628	21.7% 43.9% 18 : 23 8.6 (4,2, 17.8) 0.0000
Other, % of Category, % of "Other" Males, n's* OR (95%CI): vs. Gay p *******	5.6% 100% 32	7.2% 56.3% 18 : 14 2.5 (1.2, 5.2) 0.012	4.4% 43.8% 14 : 18	7.2% 37.5% 12 : 20 1.7 (0.81, 3.7) 0.150	7.2% 18.8% 6 : 26 2.5 (0.97, 6.7) 0.0497
Total	100% 570	100% 249	100% 321	99.9% 166	99.9% 83
*** Statistics 4 Sex Orientations Chi Square		40.4 0.001	40.4 0.001	6.2 0.20	45.2 0.001
Trans..., % of Category % of Transgender Males n's* OR (95%CI): vs. Gay p *******	8.8% 100% 50	11.6% 58.0% 29 : 21 2.7 (1.5, 4.9) 0.001	6.6% 42.0% 21 : 29	7.8% 26.0% 13 : 37 1.0 (0.52, 2.0) 0.971	19.3% 32.0% 16 : 36 4.9 (2.4, 9.8) 0.0000
Data Source: Clatts et. al. (2005) * The n's are not given. Estimated from given percentages in Homeless Categories n's = Yes : No - within each Sexual Orientation category Assuming that all study participants responded to the questions asked. Generally not given. Calculated from other data. * Odd Ratios and Significance calculated by web page author. Transgender compared to Gay, but some transgender identified MSMs may also have identified as gay.

Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM): New York Age: 17 to 28 Years - Mean: 21.7 Years: 'Race'/Ethnicity
Categories	All MSM Males **	** Ever Homeless	Never Homeless	Previously Homeless	Currently Homeless
N's Percent	569 100%	249 43.8%	320 56.2%	166 29.2%	83 14.7%
Age: Mean, (SD)	21.7 (2.9)		21.8 (2.9)	21.6 (2.9)	21.4 (2.9)
Attempted Suicide: % % of Suicide Attempters * n's: Attempters : Non-Att OR: vs. Never Homeless p ***	33.4% 100% 190 : 379	42.2% 55.3% 105 : 144 2.0 (1.4, 2.9) 0.0000	26.6% 44.7% 85 : 235	41.8% 36.3% 69 : 97 2.0 (1.3, 2.9) 0.0007	43.4% 19.9% 36 : 47 2.1 (1.3, 3.5) 0.0029
% Attempters = Multiple Attempters	46.8% **	54.3% **	37.6%	53.6%	55.6%
Multiple S. Attempters: % % of Multiple Attempters * n's OR: vs. Never Homeless p ***	15.6% 100% 89 : 480	22.9% 64.0% 57 : 192 2.7 (1.7, 4.3) 0.0000	10.0% 36.0% 32 : 288	22.4% 41.6% 37 : 129 2.6 (1.5, 4.3) 0.0002	24.1% 22.5% 20 : 63 2.9 (1.5, 5.3) 0.0006
% Attempters = Attempted, Sex Orientation (S.O.) Reason	34.7% **	33.3% **	36.2%	32.4%	36.4%
S.O. Suicide Attempters: % % of S.O. Attempters * n's OR: vs. Never Homeless p ***	11.6% 100% 66 : 503	14.1% 53.0% 35 : 214 1.5 (0.91, 2.6) 0.106	9.6% 47.0% 31 : 289	13.5% 33.3% 22 : 144 1.4 (0.80, 2.5) 0.232	15.8% 19..7% 13 : 70 1.7 (0.86, 3.5) 0.120
Data Source: Clatts et. al. (2005) * The n's are not given. Estimated from given percentages in Homeless Categories n's = Yes : No - within Attempted Suicide category Assuming that all study participants responded to the questions asked. Generally not given. Calculated from other data. * Odd Ratios and Significance calculated by web page author.

The D'Augelli et al. 2005 Study of New York GLB Youth "Attempting Suicide" Criteria
All Reporting Having Attempting Suicide	Suicide Attempters	n's	Category Described Attempt: Serious / Not Serious Intent To Die
All Youths Reporting to Have Attempted Suicide: 166 / 528 (31.4%) Those Deemed to Have Attempted Suicide: 78 / 528 (14.8%) Those Deemed to Have Attempted Suicide in Final Study Sample (Data Complete): 61 / 361 (16.9%)	Removed As Suicide Attempters *	28	Report or Indication of Having Attempted Suicide
	60 Removed As Suicide Attempters	30	Not Serious, No Intent to Die
		23	Serious, No Intent to Die
		7	No Information Given
	78 Deemed To Be Real Suicide Attempters	21	Not Serious, Intent to Die
		25	Serious, Intent to Die
		22	Very Serious, Intent to Die, with 7 Having No Intent to Die
* 19 were removed because "attempting suicide" was reported in questionnaire, but not in interview. 9 were removed because "attempting suicide" was only threatened, but not done

American Lifetime "Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random: GLB Community, GLB Services Homosexually Oriented Adults: 1994 - 2011
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odd Ratios (95%CI)
Perez & Torres (2011)	(F) 305	None	18.4% Lifetime	305 Latina LGBTQQ participants in Chicago, 13-60 years old. Sexual Identity: 50% lesbian/gay/homosexual, 8.8% bisexual, 6.5% queer, 1% straight or heterosexual, 4.5% uncertain/questioning, and 9.7% do not use labels to identify themselves.
Ryan et al. (2009)	114 (M) 110 (F) 107 White 117 Latino	None	Range For Groups: 27.3-54.8%, Lifetime All: 40.6%	Volunteer Sample from 249 GLB Venues, San Francisco. Age Range: 21-25 Years, Mean age: 22.8 Years. Sample Criteria: GLB Self-Identified and having come out to at least one parent/guardian in adolescence. Additional Results: Table Below, including Family Rejection effects.
O'Donnell et al. (2011)	193 (M) 195 (F) 388 (MF) 132 - White 128 - Black 128 - Latino 18 to 59 Years-Old	None	17.0%, Lifetime Suicide Attempt, All. White: 9.1% Latino/a: 22.7% Black: 19.5%	Volunteers, 2004-05 at 274 Project Stride (Stress, Identity, Mental Health) Venues, New York City. Same Sample Used by Meyer et al (2008) Study (Below). Conclusion: Mental Disorders not generally preceeding suicide attempts. Discrimination associations proposed for Black's and Latinos/a's Excess Suicidality.
Meyer et al. (2008)	193 (M) 195 (F) 388 (MF) 132 - White 128 - Black 128 - Latino 18 to 59 Years-Old	None	8.4%, Lifetime Serious Suicide Attempt 68.8%, One or More Mental Disorder, Lifetime	Volunteers, 2004-05 at 274 Project Stride (Stress, Identity, and Mental Health) Venues, New York City. Information to determine "serious suicide attempts" was obtained via the computer- assisted personal interview (Version 19) of the WHO World Mental Health Survey: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. See Table Below for Variable Results.
Walter et al. (2008)	244 (M*)	None	59 / 241 24.5% Lifetime	*244 mostly male sexual minority American Indians from a volunteer multi-city sample (includes 10 female-to-male transsexual individuals)
Koh & Ross (2006)	524 (F) Lesbian	637 (F) Hetero- sexual	16.7% (85 / 510) vs. 10.2% (63/617) Lifetime	USA Volunteers: Inpatients at General Health Care Sites, Lesbian Health Clinics. Mean Ages: 36-41, SDs: 9 to 13 Years 81% to 85% Caucasian. ORs calculated from counts estimated from given data. Lesbian vs. Hetero. : OR = 1.4 (1.006, 2.0) Bisexual vs. Hetero.: OR = 2.4 (1.5, 3.8)
Koh & Ross (2006)	143 (F) Bisexual	637 (F) Hetero- sexual	21.3% (30 / 141)vs 10.2% (63/617) Lifetime
Balsam et al. (2005a)	445 (MF)	None	28.9%	USA Military Veterans, Internet Sample N = 445, Age = 19 - 83 Year 64.7% male, 27.2% female, 8.1% self- identified as transgender or “other.” 87.6% White, 88.7% Lesbian or Gay
Balsam et al. (2005) Estimates: Additional Results	264 (M*)	185 (M)	11.4% vs 3.3%	OR = 3.8 (1.6, 9.4) - To Age 17 years
	264 (M)	185 (M)	10.6% vs. 3.3%	OR = 3.5 (1.4, 8.7) - Age 18 + Years
	457 (F)	358 (F)	9.8% vs. 6.2%	OR = 1.6 (0.95, 2.7) - To Age 17 years
	457 (F)	348 9F)	8.7% vs. 4.4%	OR = 2.1 (1.1, 3.8) - Age 18 + Years
Roberts et al. (2004)	1,139 (F)	None	19.5% Lifetime	Volunteers, Via Outreach: 1997-2000. Sample From 44 American States. Mean Age = 40 Years (Approx) . Age Range = 15-55+ Years For 146 / 225 Suicide Attempters, First Attempt Occurred <= 18 Years
Matthews et al. (2002) Hughes et al. (2000)	550 (F) Lesbian / Bisexual	279 (F) Hetero- sexual	22% (91 / 414) vs. 13% (22 / 169) Lifetime p < 0.01 OR = 1.9 (1.2, 3.1): An Estimate.	Volunteers, Lesbian Communities, in Three Large American Cities: 1992-96. Mean Age: 43 Years Most Suicide Attempts: 15 to 29 Years OR = 1.9 (1.2, 3.1): An Estimate. Age 15-19, Attempted Suicide: 12% vs 6%, p < 0.05 Age: 20-29, Attempted Suicide: 12% vs. 5%, p < 0.05 Differences for older lesbian participants are not statistically significant.
McBee- Strayer & Rogers (2002)	162 (MF) 85 (M) 75 (F)	None	36.4% Lifetime	USA Volunteers: GLB Organizations & Snowballing. - Mean Age: 37.1. (SD: 12.0), 18 to 64 Years Attempters: 23.4% (Ambivalence) + 13.0% (Intent to Die) = 36.4%
D'Augelli & Grossman (2001) Grossman et al. (2001)	416 295 (M) 121 (F)	None	12.5% (52 / 416) Lifetime	Volunteers Obtained Via Community Organizations: Many American States, and Ontario, Canada: 1997-98. Age = 60 - 91 Years, Mean: 68.5 Years, SD: 5.8 Years Most Attempted Suicide Between ages 22 to 59 years.
Morris et al. (2001)	2,401 (F) Mostly Lesbian/Gay	None	21.5%, Lifetime About 52% of them attempted suicide two or more times. On Suicidality Scale: Native Americans More at Risk.	Volunteers: National Lesbian Wellness Survey - Average Age: 36 Years. Range: 15-83 Years. White (75%, N=1,809), African American (10%, N=231), Latina (7%, N=173), Native American (4%, N=85), and Asian American/Pacific Islander, (3%, N=63), with 1% (N=40) indicated "other". 75% with a one or more college degrees.
Sorensen & Roberts (1997)	1,633 (F)	None	18% Lifetime	USA Volunteers, Via Outreach: 1987. Median Age = 32. Years. Age Range = 16 - 82 Years. 46% of Suicide Attempts Occurred Between Ages or 13 to 18 Years
Bradford & Ryan (1988, 1994)	1,925 (F)	None	All: 19%, Lifetime White: 16% Latina: 28% Black: 27%	National American Volunteer Snowball Sample Taken in 1984-85. Age = 17 - 80 Years 80% Between Ages of 25 - 44 Years
* M = Males - F = Females

224 American White and Latino Young Adults, 21 to 25 Years Old GLB Identified & Out to At Least One Parent / Guardian in Adolescence Suicidality and Depression: Effects of Family Rejection ¹
Categories / Variables ⁴	Rejection Scale Score OR ²	Rejection Level			Mode- rate Rejec- tion OR	High Rejec- tion OR
Categories / Variables ⁴	Rejection Scale Score OR ²	Low	Mode- rate	High	Mode- rate Rejec- tion OR	High Rejec- tion OR
Depression, Current CES-D > 16	2.21 (1.62–3.01)	22.4%	44.6%	63.5%	2.92 (1.42–6.00)	5.94 (2.86–12.34)
Suicide Ideation, Past 6 Months	2.13 (1.53–2.95	11.8%	21.6%	43.2%	2.12 (0.86–5.18)	5.64 (2.42–13.14)
Attempted Suicide, Ever	3.09 (2.18–4.37)	19.7%	35.1%	67.6%	2.29 (1.08–4.83)	8.35 (3.90–17.85)

Categories / Variables ⁴	All	Males		Females		Effects Statistically Significant
Categories / Variables ⁴	All	White	Latino	White	Latino	Effects Statistically Significant
N's	224	52	62	55	55	-
Mean Age, Years At Survey Time	22.8	22.9	22.9	23.1	22.6	None
Come Out, Parent(s) Mean Age, Years	15.8	15.2	15.8	16.2	16.1	None
Depression, Current CES-D > 16	43.3%	44.2%	58.1%	41.8%	27.3%	GxE ³
Suicide Ideation, Past 6 Months	25.4%	25.0%	35.5%	27.3%	12.7%	GxE ³
Attempted Suicide, Ever	40.6%	44.2%	54.8%	34.5%	27.3%	None
1. The selection process for this study creates an unknown: What are the possible effects on GLB self-identified adolescents if, during adolescence, they did not come out to at least one parent or guardian? Study by Ryan et al. (2009). 2. All ORs, 95% Confidence Intervals 3. GxE: GxE indicates gender-by-ethnicity interaction, p < 0.05 4. At risk results also given in the paper for substance abuse and taking sexual risks. Note: A comprehensive view of the GLBT suicidality situation in the study sample would be achieved via an "attempted suicide" logistic regression analysis that would include, in addition to "family rejection" as possible independent predictor variables, the following "at risk" associated variables solicited from the study participants and reported in the following papers: Toomey at al. (2010) [Gender Nonconformity & School Victimization] and Russell et al. (2011) [School Victimization as most related to suicidality]. Another paper reported the suicidality of the study participants but focused on the protective nature of family acceptance: Ryan et al. (2010).

Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Adults, and Their Siblings "Attempted Suicide" Incidences / Risks Homosexual/Bisexual vs. Heterosexual
Sexual Orientation »	Hetero- sexual	Bisexual	Homosexual	Homosexual & Bisexual *
Men
Counts in Categories	185	38	226	264
Attempted Suicide < 18 Years ** Odd Ratios (95%CI)	3.3%	17.1% 5.6 (1.7, 18.4)	10.5% 3.5 (1.4, 8.9)	11.4% 3.8 (1.6, 9.4)
Attempted Suicide 18 + Years ** Odd Ratios (95%CI)	3.3%	11.4% 3.4 (0.94, 13.1)	10.5% 3.5 (1.4, 8.9)	10.6% 3.5 (1.4, 8.7)
Lifetime	?	?	?	?
Women
Counts in Categories	348	125	332	457
Attempted Suicide < 18 Years ** Odd Ratios (95%CI)	6.2%	17.4% 3.2 (1.7, 5.9)	7.0% 1.1 (0.60, 2.0)	9.8% 1.6 (0.95, 2.7)
Attempted Suicide 18 + Years ** Odd Ratios (95%CI)	4.4%	10.7% 2.6 (1.2, 5.6)	7.9% 1.9 (0.98, 3.6)	8.7% 2.1 (1.1, 3.8)
Lifetime	?	?	?	?
Data Source: Balsam et al. (2005) GLB Sampling via Magazine/Web Advertisement. Their Siblings: via mail. Mean Ages For Groups: 31.6-39.3 Years (SDs: 10.3-11.7 Years). 91.7% European American * Data For Combined Homosexual & Bisexual Groups Not Given. Estimated From Given Percentages. ** Odds Ratio Calculated From Estimated Counts, Assuming No Non-Responders to Questions. The actual Odds Ratio Would be a Little Less.

Lifetime Serious Suicide Attempts & Mental Disorders White, Black & Latino/a Gay, Lesbian & Bisexual Adults in New York City
Categories *	Any Anxiety Disorder	Any Mood Disorder	Any Substance Use Disorder	Any Disorder	Serious Suicide Attempt
All, N = 388	44.3%	30.7%	38.4%	69.8%	8.3%
Male, n = 193	43.0%	26.4%	36.8%	65.3%	9.3%
Female, n = 195	45.6%	34.9%	40.0%	74.4%	7.2%
White, n = 132	47.0%	38.6%	41.7%	76.5%	4.6%
Black, n = 128	36.7%	21.9%	30.5%	60.2%	7.0%
Latino/a, n = 128	49.2%	31.3%	43.0%	72.7%	13.3%
Lesbian/Gay, n = 318	43.7%	30.2%	35.5%	68.2%	7.9%
Bisexual, n = 70	47.1%	32.9%	51.4%	77.1%	10.0%
18 - 29 Years, n = 172	46.5%	29.1%	35.5%	69.8%	8.7%
30 - 44 Years, n = 171	43.9%	25.7%	39.8%	67.8%	5.9%
45 - 59 Years, n = 45	37.8%	55.6%	44.4%	77.8%	15.6%
Data Source: Meyer et al. (2008) - * Lifetime Incidences (Percent: %) for All Categories Information to determine "mental disorders" & "serious suicide attempts" was obtained via the computer- assisted personal interview (Version 19) of the WHO World Mental Health Survey: the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

Canadian Lifetime "Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random: GLB Community or GLB Services Homosexually Oriented Adults: AIDS/HIV Cohort Studies
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide Incidence	Sampling Information Age
Botnick et al. (2002)	345 ** MSM	None	19.4% (67 / 345) Lifetime	Vancouver, British Columbia - 1998 Subsample: Vanguard AIDS/HIV Cohort Men (Age = 18 to 30 Years) Identified as Gay / Bisexual, or Having Sex With Men
Otis (2000)	629 msm	None	36.1% Lifetime	Montreal, Canada - 1999 Subsample: Omega AIDS/HIV Cohort Men (Mean Age = 32 Years) Identified as Gay / Bisexual, or Having Sex With Men
* M = Males - F = Females - MSM: Men Who Have Sex With Men

Lifetime "Self Harm / Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random GLB Study Populations: United Kingdom
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Self Harm / Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Comments
Rivers (2000)	116 (MF*) 92 (M)	None	37.1% (43 / 116) Self Harm / Suicide Attempt(s) Lifetime	Volunteers: Advertising in GLB Community Venues. Follow-up Questionnaire to 190 United Kingdom Participants in a Previous Study. Mean Age = 28 Years, 16 to 54 Years Men: 16 to 54 years, Women: 16 to 44 Years Age Range Information: Rivers (2004)
Cant (2002)	85 (MF)	None	32% Attempted Suicide 35% Self-Harm	The Metro Centre in Greenwich that is accessed by some young lesbian, gay and bisexual people from Lambeth, Southwark and Lewisham. Data collected on 85 youth registered there from October 2001 to April 2002: 85 young people.
Carragher & Rivers (2002)	93 (M)	None	33.7% (29 / 86) Self Harm / Suicide Attempt(s) Lifetime	Male Part of Rivers (2000) UK Sample. Mean Age = 28 Years, SD: 9.0 Years Age Range: 16 to 54 Years
Webb & Wright (2001)	1145 (MF)	None	Attempted S. 18.3% (210 / 1145) Lifetime	90% Living in Brighton & Hove. Women: significantly more likely than men to have self-harmed. No significant differences for attempting suicide. Serious thoughts of suicide, ever: declines from 53.1% to 21.6%, from age group 16-25, to age group 65+ Age = 16 - 65+
Webb & Wright (2001)	1145 (MF)	None	Self Harm: 10.6% (121 / 1145) Lifetime
Hutchison et al. (2003)	95 (M)	None	Self Harm: 28.4% (27 / 95) Lifetime	Volunteers: Gay Venues (Edinburgh, Scotland) Age = 15 - 26 Years Self Harm = No Intent To Die 42% of Suicide Attempters: Repeat Attempters Compared to National Male Statistics: Self Harm: 5.6 Times More likely Attempted Suicide: 6.7 Times More Likely
Hutchison et al. (2003)	95 (M)	None	Attempted S. 27.4% (26 / 95) Lifetime
King et al. (2003)* & Warner et al. (2004)*	656 (M) Gay	505 (M) Hetero- sexual	Self Harm** 25% vs. 13.5%	Snowball Sampling (England, Wales): Gay / Lesbian Venues, Publications, Advertisements, Followed by Recruitment: Friends, etc. Mean Age = 36.4 Years Self-Harm: Lifetime
	84 (M) Bisexual	505 (M) Hetero- sexual	Self Harm** 27% vs. 13.5%	Snowball Sampling (As Above) Mean Age = 35.5 Years
	430 (F) Lesbian	588 (F) Hetero- sexual	Self Harm** 31% vs. 16.5%	Snowball Sampling (As Above) Mean Age = 34.2 Years
	111 (F) Bisexual	588 (F) Hetero- sexual	Self Harm** 33% vs. 16.5%	Snowball Sampling (As Above) Mean Age = 29.8 Years
Cull et al. (2006)	44 GLBT Homeless Youth	None	Attempted Suicide: > 66.7% Lifetime	Volunteer: GLBT Presently/Past Homeless in Brighton and Hove, England - Age = 16 - 25 Years. 'Nearly all reported a history of mental health problems or substance misuse. Half reported alcohol or substance misuse. Over two thirds had a history of attempting suicide.'
Meads et al. (2007)	449 (F) 93.5% LGB Identified	None	31.3% Attempted Suicide, Lifetime	Volunteer: Measure for Measure 1 Study (2002) Commissioned by the West Midlands South Strategic Health Authority
Meads et al. (2007)	166 (F) 77% LGB Identified	None	20.0% Attempted Suicide, Lifetime	Volunteer: Measure for Measure 2 Study (2005) Commissioned by the West Midlands South Strategic Health Authority
Hunt & Fish (2008)	5,053 (F) 81% Lesbian Identified	None	5.0% Attempted Suicide, Past Year	England: Volunteer Sample: Online & Pencil/Paper - 82% White British. Age Range: 14 to 84 Years. - Attempted Suicide Incidence Range, in the Past Year, in 10 Regions: 3.5% to 7.4%. See Table Below. Self-Harm, With No Intention of Killing Self, in the Past Year: Incidence Range: 15.9% to 22.9%, in 10 Regions. See Table Below. Results Similar for Wales: See Table Below.
Hunt & Fish (2008)	5,053 (F) 81% Lesbian Identified	None	20.0% Self-Harm, Past Year
Hunt & Fish (2008a)	510 (F) 77.8% Lesbian Identified	None	4.8% Attempted Suicide, Past Year	Scotland: Volunteer Sample: Online & Pencil/Paper - Age Range: 15 to 72 years. Attempted Suicide Incidence Range, in the Past Year, in 10 Regions: 1.1% to 10.2%. See Table Below. Self-Harm, With No Intention of Killing Self, in the Past Year: Incidence Range: 14.6% to 39.1%, in 10 Regions. See Table Below.
Hunt & Fish (2008a)	510 (F) 77.8% Lesbian Identified	None	20.8% Self-Harm, Past Year
Guasp (2012a)	6,861 Gay / Bisexual Males	None	3% (Gay) 5% (Bisexual) Attempted Suicide, Past Year	Britain: England, Scotland & Wales Internet Sample: 6,861 gay (92%) & Bisexual (8%) Males. Age Range: 16-85. 77% Between Ages 21-50. 95% Caucasian. Other Attempted Suicide Rates, Past Year: 5%: Black & Ethnic Minorities 10%: Ages 16 to 19 5%: Ages 16 to 24
Guasp (2012a)	6,861 Gay / Bisexual Males	None	7%: Gay/Bi 11%: Bisexual 21%: GB, Ages 16 to 19 15%: GB, Ages 16-24 Self-Harm, Past Year
Guasp (2012b)	633 Gay / Bisexual Males	None	3% (Gay) 7% (Bisexual) Attempted Suicide, Past Year	Results for Scotland: a part of above sample of 6,861 males. Internet Sample, 633 gay (91%) & Bisexual (9%) Males. Males. Age Range: 16-84. 79% Between Ages 21-50. 99% Caucasian. Other Attempted Suicide Rate, Past Year: 6%: Ages 16 to 19
Guasp (2012b)	633 Gay / Bisexual Males	None	6%: Gay/Bi 14%: GB, Ages 16 to 19 Self-Harm, Past Year
** Described as "Self Harm" in 2003 Paper, but as "Attempted Suicide" in 2004 Paper. * M = Males - F = Females

Attempted Suicide & Self-Harm: Lesbian & Bisexual Women in United Kingdom "Prescription For Change" Studies by Hunt & Fish (2008 & 2008a)
Categories / Strategic Health Authority (SHA)	N's	% Lesbian *	% Bisexual Women *	% Attempted Suicide, Past Year	% Self-Harm, No Death Intent Past year
All England	5,043	80.9%	15.7%	5.0%	20.0%
East of England	415	81.2%	17.6%	7.4%	22.2%
East Midlands	377	82.5%	14.9%	4.2%	17.3%
London	1,330	79.9%	15.7%	3.5%	18.1%
North East	224	79.9%	16.5%	6.4%	22.6%
North West	638	81.3%	15.4%	5.1%	22.0%
South Central	369	78.3%	17.9%	4.9%	23.5%
South East Coast	449	81.1%	15.1%	5.8%	19.0%
South West	376	82.4%	14.4%	5.6%	22.9%
West Midlands	425	81.6%	15.8%	5.2%	15.9%
Yorkshire & Humber	418	82.2%	14.2%	4.6%	19.7%
England (SHA unknown)	22	86.4%	13.6%	31.8%	45.5%
All Wales	267	81.3%	16.1%	6.4%	22.7%
South East (Wales)	135	80.7%	16.3%	4.5%	20.3%
Mid & West (Wales)	81	80.2%	17.3%	11.1%	24.7%
North Wales	51	84.3%	13.7%	3.9%	26.0%
Scotland	510	77.8%	18.2%	4.8%	20.6%
Greater Glasgow & Clyde	157	81.5%	15.9%	5.2%	14.6%
Lothian	149	73.8%	20.8%	3.4%	17.6%
Other Areas	204	74.0% to 81.8%	15.9% to 21.2%	1.1% to 10.2%	19.5% to 39.1%
* Those not Identifying as Lesbian or Bisexual are Classified as "Other". Study Commentary: "One in five lesbian and bisexual women have deliberately harmed themselves in the last year, compared to 0.4 per cent of the general population. Half of women under the age of 20 have self-harmed compared to one in fifteen of teenagers generally. Five per cent have attempted to take their life in the last year and sixteen per cent of women under the age of 20 have attempted to take their life. ChildLine estimate that 0.12 per cent of people under 18 have attempted suicide."

Lifetime "Self Harm / Attempted Suicide" Incidences Non-Random GLB Study Populations: Ireland
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Self Harm / Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Comments
Carolan & Redmond (2003)	362 232 (M) 130 (F	None	Self Harm 26.2% (95 / 362)	Volunteers: Questionnaire promoted through youth, community and gay organisations, and online. Northern Ireland Age = <= 25 Years Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide: Lifetime
Carolan & Redmond (2003)	362 232 (M) 130 (F	None	Attempted S. 28.7% (104 / 362)
McNamee (2006)	190 (M) 93.4% Gay Bisexual Identified	None	27.1% Attempted Suicide 30.7% Self-Harmed	Volunteers: Northern Ireland Mean Age: 20.6 Years, 15 to 25 Years 60% Live in Belfast or Derry/Londonderry. Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide: Lifetime
CCL (2006)	107 (F) 85% Lesbian Identified	None	14.2% Attempted Suicide 23.8% Self-Harmed	Volunteers: Cork Region, Northern Ireland Age: 8.5% (< 23 years), 45% (23-49 Years), 44% (. 49 Years) Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide: Lifetime
Mayock et al. (2009) Internet Sample Age Range: 14-73 years Mean Age: 30.5 Years Ireland Residents: 90%*	Male n = 707	None	105 / 707 14.8%	Attempted Suicide in Past 12 months, 6 months, 30 days: 1.6% (n = 11), 1.0% (7), 0.42% (3), respectively
	Female n = 377	None	89 / 377 23.6%	Attempted Suicide in Past 12 months, 6 months, 30 days: 3.7% (n = 14), 2.4% (9), 0.79% (3), respectively
	Other n = 22	None	3 / 22 13.6%	Attempted Suicide in Past 12 months, 6 months, 30 days: 0.0% (n = 0), 0.0% (0), 0.0% (0). respectively
	All n = 1,110	None	197 / 1,110 17.7%	Attempted Suicide in Past 12 months, 6 months, 30 days: 2.3% (n = 25), 1.4% (16), 0.54 (6), respectively
	Trans- gender n = 46	None	12 / 46 26.1%	Attempted Suicide in Past 12 months, 6 months, 30 days: 6.5% (n = 3), 6.5% (3), 0.0% (9), respectively
	Interview Sample n = 22	None	13 / 22 59.1%	Qualitative Part of the Study. For Above Quantitative Study: First suicide attempts were Very Much (12%), Very (35%) and Somewhat (25%) related to LGBT Identification
* Over 90% were residents in the Republic of Ireland. 4% were living in Northern Ireland.

Adolescent School Surveys: Random or Near-Random "Attempted Suicide" Risk: Same-Sex Sexual Orientation/Identity vs. Heterosexual Identity Published American Studies
Study	Sexual Minority	Others	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Grade - Age OR, (95% CI) Comments
Remafedi et. al (1998)	178 (M*) Homo/Bi Sexual	168 (M) Heterosexual Matched	28.1% vs. 4.2% RR: 6.8 Lifetime	Adolescent Health Survey Minnesota,1987 N = 36,254. Grades 7 to 12 Sexual Minority / Others = Self-Identification Males: OR = 7.1 (3.1, 16.5) Females: OR - 1.5 (0.81, 2.8) ns
Remafedi et. al (1998)	166 (F*) Homo/Bi Sexual	145 (F) Heterosexual Matched	20.5% vs. 14.5% RR: 1.4 ns. Lifetime
Garofalo et. al (1999)	129 (MF) GLBN	3,236 (MF) Heterosexual	31.0% vs. 9.1% RR: 3.4 In The Past 12 Months	*** YRBS Massachusetts, 1995. N = 3,365 - GLBN: Self-Identified as Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual or 'Not Sure' of Sexual Orientation: OR = 2.28 (1.4, 3.4) With Control Variables
	? (M) GLBN	? (M) Heterosexual	** 41.6% vs. 6.4% RR: 6.5 12 Months	OR = 3.74 (1.9, 7.3) With Control Variables Attempted Suicide: Past 12 Months
	? (F) GLBN	? (F) Heterosexual	** 27.1% vs. 13.4% RR: 2.0 Past 12 Months	OR = 1.42 (0.65, 3.1) ns With Control Variables Attempted Suicide: Past 12 Months
	? (MF) Same-Sex Sex, Ever	? (MF) No Same-Sex Sex, Ever	30.6% vs. 9.2% RR: 3.3 Past 12 Months	OR: Not Given Attempted Suicide: Past 12 Months
Bontempo & D'Augelli (2002)	196 (M) GBUS	4,416 (M) Heterosexual	20.4% vs. 1.2% RR: 17.0 Past 12 Month	1995 Massachusetts & Vermont: YRBSs, Combined: Grade 9 to 12. - Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Unsure Identity and/or Same-Sex Sex Reported: GLBUS. Attempted Suicide 4 or More Times In Past 12 Months - Statistical Significance for RRs: p < 0.001
Bontempo & D'Augelli (2002)	119 (F) LBUS	4,457 (F) Heterosexual	10.8% vs. 1.4% RR: 7.7 12 Months
Olshen et al. (2007) 8080 New York City High School Students > = 14 Years 51% Female, 40.1% Hispanic, 36.0% Black, 16.0% Asian/other, 7.9% white	(F) GLBU (All)	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey: See Table Below For More Related Information. 3.7 (2.4-5.9)
	(F) GLBU (All)	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	2.45 (1.31-4.56) Model Controls with Associated ORs: Dating violence (1.6), Feeling sad or hopeless (3.6), Disordered eating (1.8), Unsafe at school (1.9), Physical fighting (1.6), Binge drinking (1.9).
	(M) GBU (All)	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	9.0 (5.3-15.3)
	(M) GBU (All)	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	3.44 (1.88-6.32) Model Controls with Associated ORs: Sexual assault (3.9), Feeling sad or hopeless (4.3), Disordered eating (2.6), Drug use (2.3), Carried a gun (4.3).
Farley et al. (2008)	GLBU (MF)	Heterosexual (MF)	31% vs. 8% Past 12 Months	New York City: 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. - See More Results: Table Below. RR: 3.9
Other Studies	Sexual minority suicidality results from many other large scale adolescent surveys - especially Youth Risk Behavior Surveys - have been reported in non-peer-reviewed venues such as reports and web pages. Some of these results are given on another Web Page and show that, generally, sexual minority adolescents are at increasing risk for the more serious suicide behavior, compared to other adolescents. Summaries of suicidality results for adolescent school surveys are located here.
** Not Given. Estimated Made From Given Data. "RR" = Risk Ratio. "OR" = Odds Ratio All RRs or ORs are Statistically Significant, Except for "ns" = Not Statistically Significant. * M = Males - F = Females - *** YRBS = Youth Risk Behavior Survey

New York City 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey; Grades 9 to 12 Suicidality, Past Year: Non-Heterosexual vs. Heterosexual ¹
Categories / Variables	Heterosexual % Incidence	GLBU % Incidence	Risk Ratio ²
Seriously Considered Suicide	14%	37%	2.6
Planned Suicide	10%	29%	2.9
Attempted Suicide	8%	31%	3.9
Injured, Poisoned, or Overdosed in an Attempt	2%	9%	4.5
Data Source: Farley et al (2008) Results are reported to be similar in three New York City neighborhoods with high rates of illness and premature death: East and Central Harlem, Bedford-Stuyvesant and Bushwick, and the South Bronx. See Noyes et al. (2008). 1. Males & Females analysed together, but differences possible/expected. All 'Race' groups analyzed together, but differences possible/expected. All Non-Heterosexual Students (GLBU = Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Unsure) analyzed together, but differences are possible/expected. See result for NYC 2005 YRBS. 2. The counts are not given for populations or incidences. It is therefore not possible to calculate confidence intervals and statistical significance values. However, it can be assumed that differences are statistically significant.

2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey: New York City High Schools "Attempted Suicide" Risk: Same-Sex Sexual Orientation/Identity/Behavior vs. Others
Study	Sexual Minority	Others	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Grade - Age OR, (95% CI) Comments
Olshen et al. (2007) N = 8080 14 years and older 51% Female, 40.1% Hispanic, 36.0% black, 16.0% Asian/other, 7.9% white	(F) Gay/Lesbian	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	0.9 (0.3-2.6)
	(F) Bisexual	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	5.3 (2.9-9.8)
	(F) Unsure	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	2.4 (1.1-5.4)
	(F) GLBU (All)	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	3.7 (2.4-5.9)
	(F) GLBU (All)	(F) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	2.45 (1.31-4.56) Model Controls with Associated ORs: Dating violence (1.6), Feeling sad or hopeless (3.6), Disordered eating (1.8), Unsafe at school (1.9), Physical fighting (1.6), Binge drinking (1.9).
	(M) Gay	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	6.2 (1.7-22.7)
	(M) Bisexual	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	12.8 (6.5-25.3)
	(M) Unsure	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	6.8 (3.3-13.9)
	(M) GBU (All)	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	9.0 (5.3-15.3)
	(M) GBU (All)	(M) Heterosexual	? Past 12 Months	3.44 (1.88-6.32) Model Controls with Associated ORs: Sexual assault (3.9), Feeling sad or hopeless (4.3), Disordered eating (2.6), Drug use (2.3), Carried a gun (4.3).
Egan et al. (2007) N = 7,103	GB or Same-Sex Intercourse (M) Gay = 118 Bisexual = 101	Others (m) 3,538	-	Those who were missing behavior and identity were excluded (N=374). "Significant differences were found between groups in reported tobacco, alcohol, and other drug use. Overall trends show that lesbian/gay/bisexual (LGB) youth were more likely to report ever using substances and increased alcohol use (days drank, binge drinking, age first used). Lesbian/bisexual girls and bisexual boys reported increased tobacco use (age first used, last 30-days, quantity). These data suggest that NYC LGB youth may face significantly greater risk for substance use than heterosexuals..."
Egan et al. (2007) N = 7,103	LB or Same-Sex Intercourse (F) Lesbian = 132 Bisexual = 290	Others 3,565	-
Pathela (2008)	See the Powerpoint Presentation for the associations between same-sex behavior and sexual identity and other sex related life events in the New York City 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. .
** Not Given. Estimate Made From Given Data. "RR" = Risk Ratio. "OR" = Odds Ratio All RRs or ORs are Statistically Significant, Except for "ns" = Not Statistically Significant. * M = Males - F = Females - *** YRBS = Youth Risk Behavior Survey

Near Random / Random Schools Surveys Multiple Suicide Attempts: A Likely Higher Risk Factor For GLBTQ Youth Sexual Minority Adolescents: More At Risk For Multiple Suicide Attempts
Categories	Attempted Suicide	One Attempt	Two or More Attempts	Attempt(s) With Injury
Wisconsin - Dane County - Survey Via Internet (2008-2009)
Heterosexual Incidence Reference Category	2.4%	1.8%	0.6%	N/A
Gay / Lesbian / Bisexual / Transgender / Questioning (GLBTQ) Incidence	6.6%	5.1%	1.6%	N/A
Odds Ratios (ORs), Without Control Variables *	OR: 4.1 p < 0.001	OR: 3.6 p < 0.001	OR: 5.1 p < 0.001	N/A
Robinson & Espelage (2011) (2011a) results are given separately for GL, B, T, and Q in Table Below. Greater risk for "Two or More Attempts" does not seem to apply for GL & T (two categories with smallest n's), but results from other studies are required to confirm this, as well as the other results.
Massachusetts 1999 Youth Risk Behavior Survey: Goodenow et al (2006)
Heterosexual Identified or Reported only Opposite-Sex Sex. Incidence Reference Category	6.9%	3.7%	3.2%	3.4%
Gay, Lesbian, or Bisexual And/Or Reported Same- Sex-Sex. Incidence	28.5%	10.3%	18.2%	17.8%
Odds Ratios (ORs), Without Control Variables *	OR: 5.4 p < 0.001	OR: 3.0 p < 0.01 ?	OR: 6.7 p < 0.001	OR: 6.2 p < 0.001
* ORs calculated by webpage author from given percentages. Statistical Significances given by authors of the studies.

The Dane County [Wisconsin] Youth Assessment Sexual Minority Suicidality ¹
Categories	Hetero- Sexual n=12,559	Gay/ Lesbian n = 90	Bi- sexual n = 331	Trans- gender n = 72	Questi- oning n = 217	GLB- TQ ² n = 654
Suicide Ideation: Past 30 Days, have you seriously thought about killing yourself?
Yes	8.1% ³	14.5% OR: 1.9 p = 0.397	41.4% OR: 8.0 p < 0.001	6.1% OR: 0.74 p = 0.424	28.1% OR: 4.4 p < 0.001	25.9% OR: 4.0 p < 0.001
Rare/ Sometimes	7.7%	14.0% OR: 1.9 p = 0.030	35.8% OR: 6.7 p < 0.001	4.1% OR: 0.51 p = 0.228	25.5% OR: 4.1 p < 0.001	23.1% OR: 3.6 p < 0.001
GLLAMM ORs ⁴	Reference Category	OR: 1.4 p = 0.261	OR: 6.8 p < 0.001	OR: 0.35 p = 0.056	OR: 3.5 p < 0.001	^₅ Not Generated
All The Time	0.4%	0.5% OR: 1.2 p = 0.754	5.6% OR: 14.8 p < 0.001	2.0% OR: 5.1 p = 0.046	2.6% OR: 6.6 p < 0.001	2.8% OR: 7.2 p < 0.001
GLLAMM ORs ⁴	Reference Category	OR: 0.69 p = 0.726	OR: 17.8 p < 0.001	OR: 2.8 p = 0.187	OR: 5.6 p < 0.001	^₅ Not Generated
Attempted Suicide: Past 12 Months, have you attempted to kill yourself?
Yes	2.4% ³	6.6% OR: 2.9 p = 0.094	16.8% OR: 8.2 p < 0.001	2.7% OR: 1.1 p = 0.895	9.9% OR: 4.5 p < 0.001	9.2% OR: 4.1 p < 0.001
One Time	1.8%	5.1% OR: 2.9 p = 0.005	9.8% OR: 5.9 p < 0.001	0.7% OR: 0.38 p = 0.429	8.2% OR: 4.9 p < 0.001	6.2% OR: 3.6 p < 0.001
GLLAMM ORs ⁴	Reference Category	OR: 2.2 p = 0.044	OR: 5.9 p < 0.001	OR: 0.24 p = 0.261	OR: 4.0 p < 0.001	^₅ Not Generated
More Than Once	0.6%	1.6% OR: 2.7 p = 0.305	7.0% OR: 12.5 p < 0.001	2.0% OR: 3.4 p = 0.156	1.7% OR: 2.9 p = 0.036	3.0% OR: 5.1 p < 0.001
GLLAMM ORs ⁴	Reference Category	OR: 1.6 p = 0.637	OR: 12.2 p < 0.001	OR: 2.1 p = 0.422	OR: 2.2 p = 0.159	⁵ Not Generated
Data Source: Robinson & Espelage (2011) (2011a) 1. Anonymous survey (collected via SurveyMonkey in 2008–2009) from a total of 13,213 students (n = 3,826 middle school [Grades 7–8]; n = 9,387 high school [Grades 9–12]) in 30 schools in Dane County, Wisconsin. The response rate was very high, ranging from 90% to 95% across the 30 schools. The DCYA data set contains a total of 17,366 student responses. About 4,000 were removed for a number of reasons. 2. The Total for Gay/Lesbian, Bisexual, Transsexual and Questionning is 710 and exceeds the total given for GLBTQ (654). This happened because sexual minority students could choose more than one sexual minority descriptive. This means that a study participant can be present/counted in more than one calculation column. 3. All percentage incidences and Statistical Significances are given by the study authors. The 2X2 ORs (Odds Ratios) were calcuated by the webpage author from the given percentages. They are therefore near-correct estimations. All ORs are comparisons with Heterosexual results (the reference category). 4. GLLAMM: Generalized Linear Latent and Mixed Model. Predictors are given as Beta values that were converted to ORs by the webpage author. All ORs are comparisons with Heterosexual results (the reference category). Statistical Significances are given by study authors. The models also have Middle School vs. High School, and Females vs Males as control variables. In all categories, females report more suicidality than males (differences are moslty statistically significant), and middle school students report less suicidality that high school students, but differences are not statiscally significant. 5. Given the results for the GLLAMM ORs in the subcategories, as related to the corresponding 2X2 ORs (Immediately Above), it is likely that, if the GLLAMM ORs for the GLBTQ category had been generated, they would be a little less than the 2X2 ORs (Immediately Above), with the statistical significance being about the same. 6. The GLLAMM ORs are likely not as accurate as the 2X2 ORs, given that some sexual minority individuals are counted in more that one sexual minority category.

American Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: 2003 to 2012 Suicidality & Other Survey Results
Categories / Information Sources	Location, Year Sample Size	Attempted Suicide, Past Year, %		Related Information: Percentages For GLBU Odd Ratios (OR), 95% CI Other Related Suicidality Results
Categories / Information Sources	Location, Year Sample Size	Sexual Minority	Hetero- sexual
Benbow (2005) Sullivan & Valles (2006)	Chicago 2003 YRBS: 968 students in 23 public high schools. Grades 9-12	GLB ¹ 32% Past Year RR = 2.9 ²	Hetero- sexual 11%	GLB = 6.3%, 7.3% M, 4.7% F. ³ GLB = 7.3% Black, 5.8% Hispanic. 4.9% White. Same-Sex Sex = 2.3%, 1.6% M, 2.9% F. Depression: GLB vs. Heterosexual: 52% vs. 31%
Horn (2008) Horn (2007)	Chicago 2005 YRBS: 941 students in 23 public high schools. Grades 9-12	GL: 27.3% B: 33.3% Past Year RR: 3.6-4.4	Hetero- sexual 7.5%	GLB = 4.2%. Unsure = 2.5% - GLB or Same-Sex Sex = 8.8% - African Americans (52.6%), Latino (26.8%), White (9.5%), Asian (3.2%) and other (7.9%). Plan Suicide, Past year: 33.3% (GL), 35.0% (B) vs. 9.7% (Heterosexual). RR: 3.4-3.6
VDH (200_) Outright Vermont (200_) VDH (2006)	Vermont 2005 YRBS: 9,207-9,214 students replied to sexual orientation questions. All Students Surveyed: 9,342 from High / Middle Schools	Same-Sex Sex: 42% GL: 32% B: 31% Unsure: 18% Past Year RR: 3.6-6.4	Opposite- Sex Sex: 9% Hetero- sexual: 5%	Results Not Weighted. GL = 1.0%, B = 3.2%, Unsure = 3.0%, Same-Sex Sex = 2.6% Same-Sex-Sex. Females: Only With Females (0%), With Males & Females (2%). Males: Only With Males (0%), With Males & Females (1%). Results for many more "At Risk" behaviors are given in referenced document. Total Survey: 31,617 eight to twelfth grade students in 146 schools representing 59 supervisory unions.
Outright Vermont (200_) VDH (2008)	Vermont 2007 YRBS: 8,364 students: replied to sexual orientation questions. High / Middle Schools. Census for Vermont: 95.3% White, non Hispanic.	GL: 27% B: 11% Past Year Unsure: 15%, RR: 2.8-6.8	Hetero- sexual 4%	All: GL = 1.1%, B = 3.4%, Unsure = 2.8% Males: GL = 1%, B = 2%, Unsure = 2% Females: L = 1%, B = 5%, Unsure = 3% Same-Sex-Sex. Females: Only With Females (1%), With Males & Females (3%). Males: Only With Males (1%), With Males & Females (2%). Total Survey: 28,918 eight to twelfth grade students in 144 schools representing 60 supervisory unions.
MCGLBTY (2003)	Massachusetts 2003 YRBS: 3,624 Students, Grade 9 - 12	GLB 40.4% Past Year RR: 7.2 p < 0.05	Hetero- sexual 7.2%	GLB = 3.5%. GLB or had Same-Sex Sex = 6.0% Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Attention: 18.3% vs. 2.2%, RR: 8.3, p < 0.05
MCGLBTY (2005)	Massachusetts 2005 YRBS: 3,522 Students, Grade 9 - 12	GLB 24.8% Past Year RR: 4.4 p < 0.05	Hetero- sexual 5.7%	GLB = 3.7%. GLB or Had Same-Sex Sex = 6.4% Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Attention: 8.2% vs. 2.2%, RR: 3.7, p < 0.05
MCGLBTY (2007) MDESE (2008)	Massachusetts 2007 YRBS: 3,131 Students, Grade 9 - 12	GLB 29.1% Past Year RR: 4.5 p < 0.05	Hetero- sexual 6.4%	GLB = 5.4%. GLB or Had Same-Sex Sex = 9.2% Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Attention: 12.1% vs. 2.2%, RR: 5.5, p < 0.05 White (72.8%), Hispanic/Latino (14.5%), African American (6.8%), Asian (3.1%), Others (2.9%).
Boulder County Public Health (2005)	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 1,960 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 44.0% Past Year RR: 3.3	Hetero- sexual 13.5%	5.6% GLBU Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual + Unsure. White (81.2, 74.3%), Hispanic/Latino (10.9, 21.6%), Asian (5.4, 2.6%), Black (1.8, 0.9%), Native American (0.7. 0.7%). Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2006)	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,956 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 23.6% Past Year RR: 3.7	Hetero- sexual 6.3%	0.07% Gay/Lesbian, 3.6% Bisexual, 2.2% Unsure. White (72.1%), Hispanic/Latino (17.3%), Asian (4.1%), Black (1.6%), Native American (1.3%). Seriously consider suicide: 45.9% (GLBU) vs. 15.0% (Heterosexual), RR: 3.1 Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2008)	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,106 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 23.0% Past Year RR: 3.2	Hetero- sexual 7.2%	89.0% Heterosexual, 1.5% Gay/Lesbian, 3.7% Bisexual, 2.3% Unsure, 2.3% None of The Above. White (74.0%), Other ? (13.5%), Others ? Seriously consider suicide: 49.7% (GLBU) vs. 14.1% (Heterosexual), RR: 3.5 Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2010)	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,106 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 20.3% Past Year RR: 4.8	Hetero- sexual 4.2%	90.7% Heterosexual, 9.3% GLBU. Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2012)	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,197 Students. Grade 9 - 12.	GLBU 31.8% Past Year RR: 7.6	Hetero- sexual 4.2%	91.8% Heterosexual 8.2% GLBU Additional Suicidality Results.
Jiang et al. (2010) Basic Results RIDHESE (2009): At Risk for 27 of 30 "At Risk" Behaviors	Rhode Island 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,210 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 31.0% Past Year	Hetero- sexual 6.6%	Odds Ratio, No Controls: 6.4, p < 0.001 Odds Ratio, Many Controls: 3.5 (2.4, 5.2) p < 0.001 See Table Below for More Suicidality Results. See Another Table for "Attempted Suicide" Results Based on Sex Ethnicity.
Cryan & Perry (2011)	Rhode Island 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 3,213 Students Grade 9 - 12	GLBU 22% Past Year	Hetero- sexual 6%	GLBU = 11% Females, 6% Males Webpage Author Estimated OR: 4.4
DCPS (2008)	Washington DC 2007 Youth Risk Behavior. Survey. 1,783 Students: 1,532 replied to sexual orientation question. 1,523 replied to same-sex sex question.	GLB 32.6% Past Year RR: 3.8	Hetero- sexual 8.6%	Males: G (3.0%), B (4.1%), Not Sure (3.0%). Females: L (3.6%), B (6.3%), Not Sure (3.3%). Results likely weighted. Raw Counts given and give slightly different percentage results. Females report same-sex sex with females only (5.2%) and Males/Females (3.6%). Males report lifetime same-sex sex with Males only (4.9%) and Males/Females (2.0%). Demographics: African American (82.0%), Hispanic/Latino (10.8), White (5.4%), Asian/PI (1.6%), Others (0.2%)
Blake et al. (2010)	Washington DC 2007 Youth Risk Behavior. Survey	GLB or Same-Sex Sex 34% Past Year RR: 3.8	Hetero- sexual or Only Opposite- Sex Sex 9%	Additional Suicidality Results: Table Below
WDPI (2008) Crabe (2008) GSASS (2009)	Wisconsin 2007 Youth Risk Behavior. Survey. 2,094 Students Grade 9 - 12, 56 Schools	Same-Sex Sex, Lifetime RR: 3.7	?	Females report lifetime same-sex sex with females only (1.6%) and Males/Females (5.4%). Males report lifetime same-sex sex with males only (2.0%) and Males/Females (1.6%). Greater risk for having attempted suicide in the past year is reported to be 3.7-times, but comparison group not stated. Could be "all others" or "only those who reported lifetime opposite-sex". Census: White, non Hispanic (85.4%), African American (6.0%), Hispanic / Latino (4.9%), Other (3.7%).
SFUSD (2008) ETRA (2008b) ETRA (2008a)	San Francisco 2007 Youth Risk Behavior. Survey. 2,587 Students Grade 9 - 12, 14 Schools	GLB 16% Past Year RR: 3.3	Hetero- sexual 5%	LGBQ (11%): Males (10%), Females (13%). Gay/ Lesbian (1.8%), Bisexual (3.7%), Not Sure (5.8%). Transgender Demographics: All (1%), American Indian (20%), Hawaiian/PI (4%), Multiracial (4%), African American (3%), Chinese (1%), Filipino (1%), Other Asian (2%), Hispanic / Latino (0.4%), White (2%). School Demographics: Chinese (36%), Hispanic/Latino (19%), African American (12%), Filipino (6%), Other Non-White (13%), Multiracial (2%), White (9%).
Hatzenbuehler (2011)	Oregon Healthy Teen Study 2006-2008 Grade 11: Random Combined	Lesbian or Gay 19.60% RR: 4.6 p < 0.001	Hetero- Sexual 4.21%	Reported Identities: Heterosexual, n=30,439, 60.8% Male Lesbian or Gay, n = 301, 49.5% Male Bisexual, n = 1,112, 25.0% Male 72.8% to 73.5% White Attempted Suicide, Past Year RR: Risk Ratios Calculated by Webpage Author. Statistical Significance given by Study Author. Given ORs, Unadjusted: Lesbian/Gay vs. Heterosexual: OR: 5.99 [95% CI: 4.48–8.04] Bisexual vs. Heterosexual: 6.60 [95% CI: 5.67–7.70] Given ORs, Adjusted: Lesbian/Gay vs. Heterosexual: OR: 3.48 [95% CI: 2.33–5.20] Bisexual vs. Heterosexual: 2.82 [95% CI: 2.32–3.42]
Hatzenbuehler (2011)		Bisexual 22.03% RR: 5.2 p < 0.001	Hetero- Sexual 4.21%
Shields et al. (2012)	2009 San Francisco Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Grade 9-12 N = 2,154	Gay, Lesbian & Bisexual 23%	Hetero- sexual 8%	Weighted, No Control Variables: OR (Odd Ratio): 3.6, p < .05 OR, Weighted, 5 Control Variables: 2.2 [95% CI: 1.2–4.2] OR Results also given for Depression & Making a Suicide Plan, with GLB Students being more at risk.
Schneider et al. (2012)	Massachussett's 2008 MetroWest Adolescent Health Survey: High Schools	Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual & Unsure n = 1,261 ? % OR: 5.17 (4.05, 6.60)	Hetero- sexual n = 18,795 ? %	OR - Odds Ratio - Calculated using many control variables. See Table Below for additional results: Depression, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury, Suicide Ideation & Attempting Suicide Requiring Medical Treatment. All for Past One Year Period.
Kidd et al. (2012)	2008 Boston Youth Survey: Boston Public Schools. Females Only. 42.4% African American. 34.7% Hispanic / Latino. 7.7% White	Mostly Hetero-sexual Females to Lesbian n = 89 13.6% OR: 4.2 p < 0.0001	100% Hetero-sexual Females n = 800 3.6%	Odds Ratios (ORs) calculated by webpage author. Statistical Significances given by study authors. Suicide Ideation: 33.3 vs. 12.4% OR: 3.5, p < 0.0001 Deliberate Self-Harm: 33.0 vs. 8.3% OR: 5.4, p < 0.0001
Button et al. (2012)	Delaware Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: 2003, 2005, 2007 Combined	Homo- sexual Bisexual Unsure n = 353 26.2% Past Year	Hetero- Sexual n = 6,283 5.5% Past Year	Odds Ratio estimated by webpage author: 6.1 See Table Below for additional results:
Mohr & Husain (2012)	Wisconsin Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: 2007, 2009, 2011 Combined. Results: Weighted	Same-Sex Sex	Only Opposite- Sex Sex	Attempted Suicide, Past Year: 28% vs. 7% - OR: 4.8 See: Related Information & More Suicidality Results.
Mohr & Husain (2012)		Same-Sex Sex	Only Opposite- Sex Sex	Attempted Suicide, Medical Care, Past Year: 13% vs. 2% - OR: 5.4 See: Related Information & More Suicidality Results.
Mohr & Husain (2012)	Wisconsin Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: 2007, 2009, 2011 Combined. Results: Weighted	Gay / Lesbian	Hetero- sexual	Attempted Suicide, Past Year: 29% vs. 5% - Odds Ratio: 7.6 See: Related Information.
		Bi- sexual	Hetero- sexual	Attempted Suicide, Past Year: 31% vs. 5% - Odds Ratio: 8.3 See: Related Information.
		Not Sure	Hetero- sexual	Attempted Suicide, Past Year: 24% vs. 5% - Odds Ratio: 5.2 See: Related Information.
1. GLBUQ = Gay, lesbian, Bisexual, Unsure, Questioning. - 2. Risk Ratio. - 3. M = Males - F = Females

Washington, DC 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Sexual Minority Results
Categories	Heterosexual or Only Opposite- Sex Sex	Gay, Lesbian Bisexual or Same- Sex Sex	Odds Ratio No Controls*
Sad, Hopeless for 2 Weeks	26%	41%	2.0 p < 0.05
Considered Suicide	13%	31%	3.0 p < 0.05
Planned Suicide	10%	24%	2.8 p < 0.05
Attempted Suicide	9%	34%	5.2 p < 0.05
Attempted, Received Medical Care	3	10%	3.6 p < 0.05
Data Source: Blake et al. (2010) *Odds Ratios calculated by webpage author from given percentages. Statistical Significance, p < 0.05, given by study authors.

Rhode Island 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Sexual Orientation Results
Categories	Hetero- sexual n = 1,954 %, 95%CI ¹	Gay, Lesbian Bisexual, Unsure n = 225 %, 95%CI ¹	Odds Ratio No Controls ²	Odds Ratio Using Many Controls ¹
Sad, Hopeless for 2 Weeks	20.8 (18.3, 23.4)	50.3 (41.9, 58.7)	OR: 3.8 p < 0.001	2.4 (1.7, 3.5) p < 0.001
Considered Suicide	9.6 (8.5, 10.7)	33.5 (21.6, 45.3)	OR: 5.2 p < 0.001	2.7 (1.6, 4.5) p < 0.001
Planned Suicide	9.7 (8.6, 10.8)	26.8 (17.4, 36.2)	OR: 3.4 p < 0.001	2.0 (1.2, 3.4) p < 0.05
Attempted Suicide	6.6 (5.5, 7.8)	31.0 (22.5, 39.4)	OR: 6.4 p < 0.001	3.5 (2.4, 5.2) p < 0.001
Attempted, Received Medical Care	3.1 (2.0, 4.1)	10.5 (6.8, 14.2)	OR: 3.7 p < 0.001	2.0 (1.1, 3.5) p < 0.05
Data Source: Jiang et al. (2010) 1. Reported by Study Authors. 2. Statistical Significance Given by Study Authors. Odds Ratios Calculated by Webpage Author From Given Weighted Percentages.

Rhode Island 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Sexual Orientation Related "Attempted Suicide" Results
Categories	n's	% Attempted Suicide: All in Category	% Attempted Suicide: Heterosexual	% Attempted Suicide: GLBU	% Attempters in Category = GLBU
All Students *	1,874	177 / 1,874 = 9.4%	115 / 1,685 = 6.8%	62 / 189 = 32.8%, RR: 4.8 OR: 6.7 (4.6, 9.7) p < 0.000	62 / 177 = 35.0%
White Students *	1,182	86 / 1,182 = 7.3%	51 / 1,066 = 4.7%	35 / 106 = 33.0%. RR: 7.0 OR: 9.8 (5.8, 16.5) p < 0.000	35 / 86 = 40.7%
Students Of Color **	692	91 / 692 = 13.1%	64 / 609 = 10.5%	27 / 83 = 32.5%, RR: 3.1 OR: 4.1 (2.3, 7.2) p < 0.000	27 / 91 = 29.7%
All Males *	888	72 / 888 = 8.1%	49 / 810 = 6.0%	23 / 78 = 29.5%, RR: 4.9 OR: 6.5 (3.5, 11.8) p < 0.000	23 / 72 = 31.4%
White Males *	549	30 / 549 = 5.5%	21 / 514 = 4.1%	9 / 35 = 25.7%, RR: 6.3 OR: 8.1 (3.1, 21.0) p < 0.000	9 / 30 = 30.0%
Males Of Color **	339	42 / 339 = 12.4%	28 / 296 = 9.5%	14 / 43 = 32.6%, RR: 3.4 OR: 4.6 (2.0, 10.4) p < 0.000	14 / 42 = 33.3%
All Females *	981	104 / 981 = 10.6%	66 / 872 = 7.6%	38 / 109 = 34.9%, RR: 4.6 OR: 6.5 (4.0, 10.7) p < 0.000	38 / 104 = 36.5%
White Females *	633	56 / 633 = 8.8%	30 / 562 = 5.3%	26 / 71 = 36.6%, RR: 6.9 OR: 10.2 (5.3, 19.6) p < 0.000	26 / 56 = 46.4%
Females Of Color **	348	48 / 348 = 13.8%	36 / 310 = 11.6%	12 / 38 = 31.6%, RR: 2.7 OR: 3.5 (1.5, 8.0) p = 0.002	12 / 48 = 25.0%
Data Source: Tremblay (2009): Unweighted Results Generated Online From the Data Set. Odds Ratio (OR) Estimates Calculated by Web Page Author Using the Given Not Weighted Counts: http://statpages.org/ctab2x2.html * Exact Counts / Results. ** Approximate Counts / Results: A Few Additional Counts.

Massachussett's 2008 MetroWest Adolescent Health Survey: High Schools Sexual Minority Depression, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury & Suicidality
Categories	Hetero- sexual n = 18,795 93.7%	Gay, Lesbian Bisexual & Unsure n = 1,261 6.3%	* Odds Ratios: Compared to Heterosexual Students
Depression **	? %	? %	2.36 (1.97, 2.83)
Seriously Considered Suicide: Suicide Ideation	? %	? %	3.43 (2.83, 4.16)
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury NSSI	? %	? %	4.12 (3.42, 4.96)
Attempted Suicide	? %	? %	5.17 (4.05, 6.60)
Attempted Suicide, Medical Treatment	? %	? %	5.34 (3.69, 7.74)
Data Source: Schneider et al. (2012) * All Adjusted Odds Ratios: Controlling With Many Variables. ** All Variables for Past One Year Period.

Delaware Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: 2003, 2005, 2007, Combined: Suicidality
Categories	Homo- sexual	Bi- sexual	Not Sure	Sexual Minority	Hetero- sexual	Odds Ratio **
n's	73	209	71	353	6,283	Odds Ratio **
Consider Suicide *	33.3%	49.8%	50.0%	46.5%	11.5%	6.7
Plan Suicide *	33.3%	39.2%	38.0%	37.8%	8.9%	6.2
Attempted Suicide *	24.7%	26.6%	26.8%	26.2%	5.5%	6.1
Data Source: Button et al. (2012) * In the past 12 months. ** OR, Sexual Minority vs. Heterosexual. Estimated at http://statpages.org/ctab2x2.html by Webpage Author from given data. All, p < .000

Wisconsin 2007, 2009 & 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: Grades 9 to 12 - Sexual Behavior Related Suicidality Results
Categories	Students Reporting Same-Sex Sex	Students Reporting Only Opposite- Sex Sex	Odds Ratio *
Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row during the past 12 months that they stopped doing some usual activities	49%*	25%	OR: 2.5
Seriously considered attempting suicide during the past 12 months	42%	15%	OR: 3.7
Planned a Suicide during the past 12 months	33%	11%	OR: 3.6
Actually attempted suicide one or more times during the past 12 months	28%	7%	OR: 4.8
Made a suicide attempt during the past 12 months that resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse	13%	2%	OR: 5.4
Data Source: Mohr & Husain (2012) Percentages are weighted. Odds Ratios: Controlled for difference related to grade and sex.

Wisconsin 2007, 2009 & 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys: Grades 9 to 12 - Sexual Identity Related Suicidality Results
Categories	Hetero- sexual	Gay / Lesbian	Bisexual	Unsure
Felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row during the past 12 months that they stopped doing some usual activities: Incidence	20%*	46%	60%	44%
Odds Ratios, With Control Variables ** GL, B or U vs. Heterosexual	-	3.7	5.1	2.9

Actually attempted suicide one or more times during the past 12 months: Incidence	5%*	29%	31%	24%
Odds Ratios, With Control Variables ** GL, B or U vs. Heterosexual	-	7.6	8.3	5.2
Note: Results for 'Seriously considering suicide', 'Planning suicide', and 'Attempting suicide that required medical attention' would be available but they were not given.
Data Source: Mohr & Husain (2012) Percentages are weighted. *Odds Ratios: Controlled for difference related to grade and sex.

Adolescent Public School Surveys: Random / Near-Random "Attempted Suicide" Risk: Same-Sex Sexual Behavior, Sexual Fantasies or Romantic Attraction vs. Opposite-Sex Behavior, Attraction, Fantasies
Study	Sexual Minority	Others	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Grade - Age OR, (95% CI) Comments
Eisenberg & Resnick (2006)	402 (M*) Same-Sex Partners	1,135 (M) Only Opposite Sex Partners	29.0% vs. 12.6% RR: 2.3 Lifetime	2004 Minnesota Student Survey N = 21, 927. Grades 9 & 12 Sex Partners: In The Past Year Males: OR = 2.5 (2.1, 3.0) Females: OR = 2.6 (2.2, 3.2) ORs: Controlling for Demography
Eisenberg & Resnick (2006)	409 (F*) Same-Sex Partners	2,559 (F) Only Opposite Sex Partners	52.4% vs. 24.8% RR: 2.1 Lifetime
Pinhey & Millman (2004)	? 24 (M) Gay, Bisexual	? 650 (M)	? 44.0% vs. ? 14.5%	2001Guam Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS): Grade 9 to 12, 2.9% White Males, OR = 5.0 (2.1, 11.8) Females, OR = 2.6 (1.2, 6.0) Unadjusted ORs: No Controls Other Results & Estimate (?) Problems
Pinhey & Millman (2004)	? 25 (F) Lesbian, Bisexual	? 682 (M)	? 52.0% vs. ? 27.4%
Robin et al. (2002)	585 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	6,873 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	** 32.0% vs. 11.9% RR: 2.7 12 Months	1995 & 1997 Vermont YRBSs, Combined: Grade 9 to 12 OR = 4.0 (2.9, 5.6), With Controls
	228 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	3,948 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	** 36.5% vs. 12.4% - RR: 2.9 12 Months	1995 & 1997 Massachusetts YRBSs, Combined: Grade 9 to 12 OR = 4.9 (2.8, 8.7), With Controls
	585 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	6,873 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	** 17.8% vs. 4.5% - RR: 3.9 Medical Care	Attempted Suicide Resulting in Having Received Medical Care Past 12 Months (Vermont) OR = 4.8 (2.9, 8.0), With Controls
	228 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	3,948 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	** 20.5% vs. 4.5% - RR: 4.6 Medical Care	Attempted Suicide Resulting in Having Received Medical Care Past 12 Months (Massachusetts) OR = 5.0 (2.7, 9.3), With Controls
Russell & Joyner (2001)	453 (M) Same-Sex RA/Re	5,233 (M)	5.0% vs. 2.0% RR: 2.5 12 Months	National Longitudinal Survey of Adolescent Health (1994-95) Same-Sex RA (Romantic Attraction) /Re (Relationships) Males - OR = 2.45 (1.5, 3.9) Females - OR = 2.48 (1.7, 3.6) ORs: Controlling for Demography
Russell & Joyner (2001)	414 (F) Same-Sex RA/Re	5,840 (F)	12.2% vs. 5.0% RR: 2.4 12 Months
Faulkner & Cranston (1998)	105 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	1,563 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	27.5% vs. 13.4% RR: 2.0	1993 Massachusetts YRBS: Grade 9 to 12 - RR's Are Significant, p < 0.05 All Suicide Attempts & Attempt(s) With Associated Medical Care Occurred During The Last 12 Months
Faulkner & Cranston (1998)	105 (MF) Same-Sex Partners, Ever	1,563 (MF) Opposite Sex Partner, Only	20.0% vs. 4.7% RR: 4.3 - Medical Care Related
Barney (2003)	65 (M) Same-Sex Sex Fantasies Only	4,254 (M) Opposite-Sex Sex Fantasies Only	23.2% vs. 11.1% RR: 2.1	1988 Adolescent Health Survey: Grade 7 to 12 -USA Indian/Alaka Native Reservations. RR: p < 0.01 Additional Results
Other Studies	Sexual minority suicidality results from many other large scale adolescent surveys - especially Youth Risk Behavior Surveys - have been reported in non-peer-reviewed venues such as reports and web pages. Some of these results are given on another Web Page and show that, generally, sexual minority adolescents are at increasing risk for the more serious suicide behavior, compared to other adolescents. Summaries of suicidality results for adolescent school surveys are located here.
** Not Given. Estimate Made From Given Data. "RR" = Risk Ratio. "OR" = Odds Ratio All RRs or ORs are Statistically Significant, Except for "ns" = Not Statistically Significant. * M = Males - F = Females

2001 Guam Youth Risk Behavior Survey Suicidality Results Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual vs. Other Adolescents Pinhey & Millman (2004) Study
Categories	N's All	N's ¹ Respon- ders	Attempted Suicide	Odds Ratios, (95%CI) Unadjusted / Adjusted
All (Ethnicities)	1,381	?	?
All Males	674	?	14.5%
Males: Gay & Bisexual	24 ²	?	44.0% ³	Greater Risk for Attempting Suicide: Gay/Bisexual Males vs. Other Males OR = 2.45 (1.5, 3.9), No Controls OR = 5.1 (1.6, 15.5), 8 Control Variables
Males, Others	650 ²	?	14.5% ³
All Females	707 ²	?	28.2%
Females: Lesbian & Bisexual	25 ²	?	52.0% ³	Greater Risk for Attempting Suicide: Lesbian & Bisexual Females vs. Other Females OR = 2.48 (1.7, 3.6), No Controls OR = 2.2 (0.84, 5.6), 8 Control Variables, ns
Females, Others	682 ²	?	27.4% ³
1. The number for students who responded to both the "sexual orientation" and "attempted suicide" questions are not given. 2. Estimated from given proportion of student population that gay/bisexual (3.5% of males) and lesbian/bisexual (3.5% of females). Nonresponders likely and numbers may be less. 3. Estimated using given Ns (assuming no nonresponders) for population/subpopulation and numbers of attempters by using a a 2X2 Computation Table. That is, placing varying number estimates in 2X2 table to produce ORs for males and females (Attempted Suicide Risk, Sexual Minority vs. others, for each sex) that are as close as possible to the given ORs, without controls having been used to generate them. Ethnicity: 'Self-reported ethnicity consists of Chamorros (53.3% of the sample), Filipinos (25.9%), Asians (5.9%), Micronesians (7.2%), whites (2.9%), and other ethnicities (4.8%). The Asian category includes Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Korean respondents. The Micronesian category includes Chuukese, Yapese, Korean, Pohnpeian, and Palauan respondents. The ‘‘other ethnicity’’ category includes African Americans, Hispanics, and other Pacific Islanders.' (Pinhey & Brown, 2005)

1988 Adolescent Health Survey: Grade 7 to 12 USA Indian / Alaska Native Reservations
Sexual Fantasies	Opposite- Sex Only	Same-Sex Only	Both- Sex
Lifetime Attempted Suicide Incidence, Males	11.7% (n = 515)	25.0% (n = 17)	10.9% (n = 21)
Lifetime Attempted Suicide. Incidence, Females	25.2% (n = 925)	15.1% (n = 14)	16.8% (n = 83)
Data Supplied by Borowski et al. (1999). Analysis for Same- vs. Opposite Sex Fantasies Males carried out by Barney (2003) who gives the "Sexual Fantasy" question: “When you think or daydream about sex, do you think about males, females, or both?” Note: Bisexual males not at risk. Homosexual/Bisexual Females at Lesser Risk than Heterosexual Females. But replication studies never carried out since 1988.

"Attempted Suicide" Risk: Random Samples, North America Homosexually vs. Heterosexually Oriented Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Bagley & Tremblay (1997)	82 (M*) Homosexual, or Bisexual or Same-Sex Sex, Past 6 Months	668 (M) Heterosexual, With No Same-Sex Sex, Past 6 Months	6.1% (5 / 82) vs. 0.45% (3 / 668) Lifetime	Calgary, Alberta, Canada Stratified Random Sample: 1992 Lifetime Attempted Suicide (Serious) Males, 18 to 27 years OR = 14.4 (3.4, 61.4)
Cochran & Mays (2000)	78 (M) Reporting Lifetime Male Sex Partner(s)	3,214 (M) Reporting Only Lifetime Female Sex Partners	19.3% vs. 3.6% (Weighted) Lifetime	USA: NHANES III Survey: 1988/94 Complex, multistage USA sample, civilian noninstitutionalized population. Subsample: Men, 17 to 39 Years OR = 6.45 (2.7, 15.2) OR = 5.36 (2.2, 13.0), With Demographic Control Variables
Gilman et al. (2001)	74 (M) Reporting Male Sex Partner(s) Past 5 Years	2,310 (M) Reporting Only Female Sex Partner(s) Past 5 Years	(Weighted) Lifetime	National Comorbidity Survey: 1992 Complex, multistage USA sample. Age = 15 to 54 Years. OR = 2.4 (1.0, 5.8), With Demographic Control Variables
Gilman et al. (2001)	51 (F*) Reporting Female Sex Partner(s) Past 5 Years	2,475 (F) Reporting Only Male Sex Partner(s) Past 5 Years	(Weighted) Lifetime	National Comorbidity Survey: 1992 Complex, multistage USA sample. Age = 15 to 54 Years. OR = 1.5 (0.7, 3.4), With Demographic Control Variables
Paul et al. (2002) Additional Results	2,881 (M*) 93% Mostly Gay, Homosexual or Bisexual Identified MSM: Men Who Have Sex With Men	None	12%: Lifetime 8%: Before Age of 25 Years	Random (Telephone): New York, Chicago, Los Angeles, San Francisco. Age Range: 18 to 70+ Years 75% of males first attempted suicide before the age of 25 years.
Cochran et al. (2007) N = 4,649 > = 18 Years Latino & Asian. National Household NLAAS Survey	84 (M): GB Identified or Same-Sex Sex, Past year	1,982	8.0% vs. 2.3% Lifetime RR = 3.5	0.86<3.37<13.21 Weighted, With Controls, ns
	84 (M)	1,982	2.4% vs. 0.3 Past Year RR = 8	1.63<6.43<25.36 Weighted, With Controls
	161 (F) LB Identified or Same-Sex Sex, Past year	2,271	8.5% vs. 5.2% Lifetime RR = 1.6	0.79<1.71<3.71 Weighted, With Controls, ns
	161 (F)	2,271	2.4 vs. 0.6 Past Year RR = 4	0.84<4.98<29.33 Weighted, With Controls, ns
Silenzio et al. (2007)	GLB 176 (M) 271 (F)	Heterosexual & Mostly Heterosexual Identified 6,535 (M) 7,207 (F)	4.9% vs. 1.6% Past Year	National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health: 14,322 (MF). GLB = bisexual, mostly homosexual, or exclusively homosexual identified. Age = 18 to 26 years. Attempted suicide in the past 12 months. OR: 1.4<3.0<6.2, controlling for race, gender, and age.
Steele et al. (2009) Women	Homosexual N = 354, 0.57% Bisexual N = 424, 0.69%	Heterosexual N = 60,937, 98.4%	Homosexual 29.5% vs.9.6% OR: 3.9 Bisexual 45.4% vs. 9.6% OR : 5.9	Canadian Community Health Survey: cycle 2.1, 2003 national population-based survey designed to gather health data on a representative sample of over 135,000 Canadians. Women in Analysis: N = 61,715, 18-59 Years Men in Analysis: 49,901, 18-59 Years Only Suicidality Question asked: ‘‘Have you ever seriously considered committing suicide or taking your own life?’’ Unadjusted Odds Ratios Given. See Adjusted Odds Ratios: Table Below.
Brennan et al. (2010) Men	Homosexual 1.3% Bisexual 0.6%	Heterosexual 98.1%	Homosexual 25.2% vs. 7.4% OR : 4.2 Bisexual 34.8% vs. 7.4% OR : 6.7
VanKim & Padilla (2010)	(M) (F) Gay / Lesbian Attempted, Yes, n = 13	(M) (F) Heterosexual Attempted, Yes, n = 263	23.7% vs. 5.3% OR: 5.5	New Mexico: The 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey. See Two Tables Below: For Results, Males & Females, Separated. Also See Results for Depression and Suicide Ideation, Gay/Lesbian & Bisexual, and also Separated by Sex.
VanKim & Padilla (2010)	(M) (F) Bisexual Attempted, Yes, n = 11	(M) (F) Heterosexual Attempted, Yes, n = 263	22.7% vs. 5.3% OR: 5.2
Bolton & Sareen (2011) Men	Gay: 1.31%	Heterosexual 97.65%	9.8% vs. 2.1% OR: 2.3<4.4<8.6	National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Wave 2 (USA, 2004-2005): Men (N = 14.481) & Women (N = 19,896). Reported Odds Ratios, Using Demographic Control Variables. More Results: Tables Below: Men. Women.
	Bisexual: 0.56%		10.0% vs. 2.1% OR: 1.9<4.4<10.3
	Unsure: 0.48%		8.5% vs. 2.1% OR: 1.2<3.4<9.3
Bolton & Sareen (2011) Women	Lesbian: 0.73%	Heterosexual: 97.95%	10.9% vs. 4.2% OR: 1.6<3.0<5.5
	Bisexual: 0.81%		24.4% vs. 4.2% OR: 3.7<5.9<9.3
	Unsure: 0.51%		9.9% vs. 4.2% OR: 0.7<2.3<7.3
* M = Males - F = Females -- ** RR = Risk Ratio, Estimated - "ns" = Not Statistically Significant

National Canadian Community Health Survey (2003) Results for "Seriously Considered Suicide," Lifetime
Study	Homo- sexual	Bisexual	Hetero- sexual	Homosexual vs. Hetero- sexual *	Bisexual vs. Hetero- sexual *	Study Information
Steele et al. (2009) Women	Homosexual N = 354, 0.7%	Bisexual N = 424, 0.9%	Heterosexual N = 60,937	29.5% vs. 9.6% OR ¹: 3.9 OR ²: 1.9<3.5<6.6	45.4% vs. 9.6% OR ¹: 7.8 OR ²: 3.0<5.9<11.8	Canadian Community Health Survey: cycle 2.1, a 2003 national population-based survey designed to gather health data on a representative sample of over 135,000 Canadians. Women in Study: N = 61,715, 18-59 Years. In OR Analysis: 23,729. Men in Study: 49,901, 18-59 Years Only Suicidality Question asked: ‘‘Have you ever seriously considered committing suicide or taking your own life?’’
Brennan et al. (2010) Men	Homosexual 1.3%	Bisexual 0.6%	Heterosexual 98.1%	25.2% vs. 7.4% OR ¹: 4.2 OR ²: 2.1<4.1<8.0	34.8% vs. 7.4% OR ¹: 6.7 OR ²: 2.1<6.3<19.1
* For Having Seriously Considered Suicide in Lifetime. 1. Basic OR (Odd Ratio) Calculated by Webpage Author, Using Given Percentages, Unadjusted 2. Given Odd Ratio, With 95% Confidence Intervals, Using Contol Variables Sexual Orientation Question: Do you consider yourself to be: 1. ... heterosexual? (sexual relations with people of the opposite sex) - 2. ... homosexual, that is lesbian or gay? (sexual relations with people of your own sex) - 3. ... bisexual? (sexual relations with people of both sexes) Comment: As a rule in studies, homosexually oriented individuals have been at greater risk for the more serious suicidal behaviors, with ORs being about 1.5 to 7.0 for "seriously considering suicide" and OR being about 2 to 14 for "having attempted suicide, with such outcomes differences especially applying for males. See Related Webpage. It is therefore possible, and especially for homosexually oriented men, that - had "attempted suicide" information been solicited in the study, the ORs for Homosexual / Bisexual men having attempted suicide, compared to Heterosexual men, would have been greater than those noted above for 'had seriously considered suicide in their lifetime'.

National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Wave 2 (USA, 2004-2005): Men
Categories	Hetero- sexual	Gay	Bisex- ual	Not Sure	Study Information
N	14,109	190	81	101	Survey Response Rate = 70.2% For Wave 2 Survey, Wave 1 : 2001-2001. Demographic Variables: age, marital status, education, household income, race/ethnicity, region of residence, and urban/city. Mental Disorders, Lifetime: Mood & Anxiety Disorders, Any Substance Use Disorder, Any Cluster A or C personality disorder, Any Cluster B personality disorder, and Schizophrenia, psychotic illness, or episode
% of Total = 14.481 **	97.4%	1.3%	0.56%	0.70%
Attempted Suicide, Lifetime / 95% CI, Not Adjusted	2.1% 1.8–2.5	9.8% * 5.7–16.4	10.0% * 4.9–19.4	8.5% * 3.5–19.4
Odd Ratios, Not Adjusted **	Reference Category	5.1 *	5.2 *	4.3 *
Odd Ratios, Adjusted for Demographic Variables	Reference Category	4.4 * 2.3–8.6	4.4 * 1.9–10.3	3.4 * 1.2–9.3
Odd Ratios, Adjusted for Demographic Variables & Mental Disorders, 96% CI	Reference Category	2.27 ^ns (0.99–5.21)	2.92 * (1.12–7.63)	1.55 ^ns (0.51–4.68)
Data Source: Bolton & Sareen (2011) * Statistically Significant. - ns: Not Statistically Significant Calculated by Web Page Author

National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Wave 2 (USA, 2004-2005): Women
Categories	Hetero- sexual	Lesbian	Bisex- ual	Not Sure	Study Information
N	19,489	145	161	101	Survey Response Rate = 70.2% For Wave 2 Survey, Wave 1 : 2001-2001. Demographic Variables: age, marital status, education, household income, race/ethnicity, region of residence, and urban/city. Mental Disorders, Lifetime: Mood & Anxiety Disorders, Any Substance Use Disorder, Any Cluster A or C personality disorder, Any Cluster B personality disorder, and Schizophrenia, psychotic illness, or episode
% of Total = 19,896 **	97.9%	0.73%	0.81%	0.51%
Attempted Suicide, Lifetime / 95% CI, Adjusted Demographic Variables	4.2% 3.8–4.6	10.9% * 6.5–17.8	24.4% * 17.6–32.8	9.9% 3.3–26.1
Odd Ratios, Not Adjusted **	Reference Category	2.8 *	7.4 *	2.5 ^ns
Odd Ratios, Adjusted Demographic Variables	Reference Category	3.0 * 1.6–5.5	5.9 * 3.7–9.3	2.3 ^ns 0.7–7.3
Odd Ratios, Adjusted Demographic Variables & Mental Disorders	Reference Category	2.2 ^ns 0.96–4.98	3.2 * 1.9–5.1	1.25 ^ns 0.39–3.95
Data Source: Bolton & Sareen (2011) * Statistically Significant. - ns: Not Statistically Significant Calculated by Web Page Author

The Urban Men’s Health Study: 1996-98 Random Sample - MSM Suicidality - Paul et al. (2002)
MSM: Men Who Have Sex With Men (Since Age 14) or Identified as Gay / Bisexual			Total Sample, N = 2881 Age: 18 to 70+ Years			Suicide Attempters n = 326
Variables	Frequency	n¹	Suicide Plan	Attempted Suicide	²Before Age 25?	⁴Mean Number	³Mean Age
All Males	100%	2,678	21%	12%	8%	2.1	22.6
White	79%	2,138	21%	11%	8%	2.1	23.7
African- American	4%	117	21%	12%	8%	2.3	18.9
Hispanic / Latino	9%	245	20%	10%	9%	2.2	18.9
Asian/Pacific Islander	4%	102	21%	11%	8%	2.4	20.0
Native American	3%	76	33%	30%	25%	2.8	18.2
Significance^₅	-	-	ns	0.006	0.0002	ns	0.06
RR, Statistical Significance⁶	-	-	1.6 0.02	2.7 0.0000	3.1 0.0000	?	Likely Significant
1. The counts (n's) are not given in the paper but they are given by Mills et al. (2004) and would be an approximation. Therefore, all "n's" given in table are estimates. - 2. For having attempted suicide. - 3. For suicide attempts. - 4. For first suicide attempt. - 5. Significance for the suicidality variable and all 'race' groups. 6. - RR = Risk Ratio: Greater risk for Native American males, compared to White males. Significance for 2X2 RRs calculated from estimated n's.Statistically significant is: < 0.05

New Mexico 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Gay / Lesbian "At Risk" Status: Suicidality & Depression
Categories	Sex	Heterosexual Male (M) & Females (F) Weighted Ns: M = ?, F = ?		Gay Males (M) & Lesbians (F) Weighted Ns: M = ?, F = ?
Categories	Sex	Yes: Raw Counts	Incidence Percent Weighted, 95% CI	Yes: Raw Counts	Incidence Percent Weighted, 95% CI	Odds Ratio Estimates **
Depression, Lifetime, Told By Doctor	M + F	924	17.2% (15.9, 18.6)	30	*47.3% (32.3, 62.8)	4.3
	F	689	23.9% (21.9, 25.9)	16	37.8% (21.7, 57.2)	1.5
	M	235	10.5% (9.0, 12.3)	14	*57.1% (31.6, 79.3)	11.3

Thought About Committing Suicide, Past Year	M + F	275	6.2% (5.2, 7.2)	9	16.8% (6.6, 36.6)	3.1
	F	178	7.1% (5.8, 8.6)	7	13.5% (6.0, 27.8)	2.0
	M	97	5.3% (4.0, 6.9)	2	20.1% (4.4, 57.7)	4.5

Attempted Suicide, Lifetime	M + F	263	5.3% (4.5, 6.2)	13	*23.7% (11.7, 42.2)	5.5
	F	207	7.7% (6.4, 9.2)	7	16.0% (7.0, 32.6)	2.3
	M	56	2.8% (2.0, 4.0)	6	*31.7% (11.8, 61.6)	16.1
Data Source: VanKim & Padilla (2010) * Difference From Heterosexual Result Reported as Statistically Significant by Study Authors. * (In Red): Statistical Significance Incorrectly Given by Study Authors, But Corrected. ** OR Estimates Calculated by Web Page Author Using Given Weighted Percentages: http://statpages.org/ctab2x2.html Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Questionnaire (2006), Suicidality Questions Added by New Mexico.

New Mexico 2006 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey Bisexual Male & Female "At Risk" Status: Suicidality & Depression
Categories	Sex	Heterosexual Male (M) & Females (F) Weighted Ns: M = ?, F = ?		Bisexual Males (M) & Females (F) Weighted Ns: M = ?, F = ?
Categories	Sex	Yes: Raw Counts	Incidence Percent Weighted, 95% CI	Yes: Raw Counts	Incidence Percent Weighted, 95% CI	OR Estimates **
Depression, Lifetime, Told By Doctor	M + F	924	17.2% (15.9, 18.6)	21	*37.3% (23.1, 54.1)	2.9
	F	689	23.9% (21.9, 25.9)	17	39.7% (22.9, 59.4)	2.1
	M	235	10.5% (9.0, 12.3)	4	27.7% (9.8, 57.4)	3.3

Thought About Committing Suicide, Past Year	M + F	275	6.2% (5.2, 7.2)	10	*17.4% (8.5, 32.4)	3.2
	F	178	7.1% (5.8, 8.6)	6	15.5% (6.2, 33.9)	2.4
	M	97	5.3% (4.0, 6.9)	4	* 25.0% (8.8, 53.7)	6.0

Attempted Suicide, Lifetime	M + F	263	5.3% (4.5, 6.2)	11	*22.7% (12.2, 38.3)	5.2
	F	207	7.7% (6.4, 9.2)	9	*24.0% (11.9, 42.5)	3.8
	M	56	2.8% (2.0, 4.0)	2	?	?
Data Source: VanKim & Padilla (2010) * Difference From Heterosexual Result Reported as Statistically Significant by Study Authors. * (In Red): Statistical Significance Incorrectly Given by Study Authors, But Corrected. ** Or Estimates Calculated by Web Page Author Using Given Weighted Percentages: http://statpages.org/ctab2x2.html Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Questionnaire (2006), Suicidality Questions Added by New Mexico.

"Attempted Suicide" Risks: Random Samples, Europe Homosexually vs. Heterosexually Oriented Youth/Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Wichstrom & Hegna (2003) Additional Results	6.5% (MF*) 7.0%(F) 5.7% (M) Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	93.5% No Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	15.4% vs. 3.6% Lifetime RR: 4.3	Random Survey: Longitudinal 108 Attempters = 4.4%, N = 2,460 (In Regression Model) OR = 4.7 (3.1, 7.3), No Controls. OR = 4.3 (2.1, 5.6), With 6 Controls Variables
Norlev et al. (2005)	Denmark National Random Sample. Ages: 16 to 35 Years. Numbers of homosexual / bisexual individuals said to be small. Nonetheless... All Homo/Bi who had attempted suicide are reported to have current suicide ideation. In contrast, only a minority of Heterosexuals (maybe about 30 to 40 percent) who attempted suicide are in same category. Most do not have current suicide ideation, meaning that suicidality is not ongoing for most of them. The Odds Ratio (95% CI) for Homosexuals/ Bisexuals vs. Heterosexuals to be in 'having attempted suicide during lifetime and having current suicide ideation' category is: 5.4 (1.8–16.7), p < .05.
de Graaf et al. (2006)	82 (M) Reporting Male Sex Partner(s) Past Year	2,796 (M) Reporting Only Female Sex Partner(s) Past Year	14.6% vs. 1.6% ** RR: 9.1 Lifetime	Netherlands' NEMESIS Study Age = 18 to 64 Years OR = 10.23 (5.2–20.2) Control = Age OR = 5.57 (2.6–12.0) Controls = Age, Mental Disorders
de Graaf et al. (2006)	43 (F) Reporting Female Sex Partner(s) Past Year	3,077 (F) Reporting Only Male Sex Partner(s) Past Year	4.4% vs. 3.1% RR: 1.3 ns Lifetime	Netherlands' NEMESIS Study Age = 18 to 64 Years OR = 1.52 (0.36–6.4) ns Control = Age OR = 0.96 (0.22–4.3) ns Controls = Age, Mental Disorders
Lhomond & Saurel- Cubizolles (2006)	78 (F*) Reporting Lifetime Female Sex Partner(s)	6,332 (F) Reporting Only Lifetime Male Sex Partner(s)	25.2% vs. 6.6% Lifetime RR: 3.8	The Enveff (Enquête nationale sur la violence envers les femmes en France, National Survey on Violence against Women in France) Survey. ORs From: 4.8 (2.8–8.1) to 2.2 (1.2–4.0) With Demographic Control Variable to All Possible Controls Variables.
			7.5% (7 / 78) vs. 0.3% (19 / 6,332) Past Year RR: 25.0	Attempted Suicide in the Past Year: OR = 32.8 (13.4, 80.4) Multiple Suicide Attempts, Lifetime: OR = 5.9 (3.1, 11.4) Note: Counts Estimated From Given Percentages. ORs are Estimates. Non-responders Likely. No Control Variables.
			14.8% (11 / 78) vs. 2.7% (171 / 6332) Life, Multiple Attempts RR: 5.5
Jouvin et al. (2007) L’enquête Baromètre santé 2005 de l’INPES Results also given in: MSJSVA (2008)	2.9% (M) 1.5% Homo-Sex & 1.4 Bi-Sex n = 245??	Yes	10.0% vs. 3.0% RR: 3.3 Lifetime	16,883 Men & Women, Age Range = 15 to 75 Years Elsewhere, total number said to be 30,514 for age range 12-75 years (Site) Note: It would be important to know the distribution of GLB individuals and suicide attempters over the age range. For example, what would be the results in the 15 to 40 years of age category? GLB: determined on the basis of having been sexually active with at least one member of the same sex, in the past year. GLB Demographic Summary. The Questionnaire
	1.4% (F) 0.6% Homo-Sex & 0.8% Bi-Sex n = 118??	Yes	10.5% vs 5.9% RR: 1.8 ns Lifetime
L’enquête Baromètre santé 2005 de l’INPES Results Unknown For Youth	Males	Yes	?? Lifetime, and in the Past 12 Months	15-25 Years: Les Jeunes: The Questionnaire. Some Reports are Done Separately For These Regions and are avaiable online: Nord–Pas-de-Calais, Picardie, Pays de la Loire, Champagne-Ardenne, Lorraine, Poitou-Charentes, and L'Ile-de-France. Maybe Others? Data Sets could be grouped and the likely greater suicidality risks for homosexually oriented youth could likely be determined. Example: Westermann (2007), for Nord-Pas-de-Calais, N = 1,466, 5% of males had homo-sex in the past year (n = approx. 35), and 2% of females (n = approx 14). Blais et al. (2006), Pays de la Loire, N = 1,517, 4% of males had homo-sex in the past year (n = approx. 35), and 2% of females (n = approx. 15). A subsample of 100 is sufficient to so a suicidality analysis and more than 100 homo-sex males would be available if the data sets are integrated.
	Females	Yes	?? Lifetime, and in the Past 12 Months
FHI Rapport (2005)	(M)	(M)	See Tabled Results: 2005 National Public Health Survey, Sweden: Sexual Orientation & Transgender Related Suicidality. Results for Males & Females in Four Age Categories.
FHI Rapport (2005)	(F)	(F)
Ungdoms- styrelsen (2010)	(M)	(M)	(M) 11% vs. 3%	2005 & 2008 National Public Health Surveys, Combined, Sweden. More Results in Table Below.
Ungdoms- styrelsen (2010)	(F)	(F)	(F) 26% vs. 8%
Hawton et al. (2002)	82 Males: Worries about SO ***	2,973 Males: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	11.0% vs. 3.0%	Representative Sample (N = 6,020): 16- to 17-Year-Old Secondary school Students Living in England. Data Collected in 2000-01. Lifetime Prevalence of Self-Harm: Boys (6.9%), Girls (19.9%) Greater Risk for Lifetime Self-Harm for Those Reporting Sexual Orientation Worries in Bivariate Analysis: OR, Boys: 2.0<4.0<8.3 OR, Girls: 1.6<2.7<4.3 No Contol Variables. Not Significant in Multivariate Analysis
Hawton et al. (2002)	101 Females: Worries about SO ***	2,590 Females: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	23.8% vs. 10.5%
O'Connor et al. (2009)	Males: Worries about SO ***	Males: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	?? Deliberate Self-Harm	Representative Sample (N = 2,008): 16- to 17-Year-Old Secondary school Students Living in Glasgow, Scotland. Data Collected in 2006-07. Lifetime Prevalence of Self-Harm: Boys (6.9%), Girls (19.9%) Greater Risk for Lifetime Self-Harm for Those Reporting Sexual Orientation Worries in Multivariate Analysis: OR, Boys: 1.5<3.8<9.5 OR, Girls: 1.3<2.6<5.2 Using about 9 Contol Variables. Bivariate ORs: Not Given
O'Connor et al. (2009)	Females: Worries about SO ***	Females: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	?? Deliberate Self-Harm
McMahon et al. (2010a)	Males: Worries about SO ***	Males: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	Deliberate Self-Harm: Definition Below	Cross-sectional study, 3881 adolescents in 39 schools, anonymous questionnaire. Part of the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) study. Equal genders, 53.1% of students were 16 years old. Ages: 15 to 17 Years. Greater Risk for Lifetime Self-Harm for Those Reporting Sexual Orientation Worries in Bivariate Analysis: Males, Age Adjusted OR: 7.08 (4.10–12.23) Females, Age Adjusted OR: 5.01 (3.46–7.25)
McMahon et al. (2010a)	Females: Worries about SO ***	Females: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation)	Deliberate Self-Harm: Definition Below
Self-Harm Definition in McMahon et al. (2010a) (2010b)	"[Participants reporting] self-harm were asked to describe, in their own words, the method(s) they had used to harm themselves. This description was later coded according to a standardized definition of deliberate self-harm : ‘An act with non-fatal outcome in which an individual deliberately did one or more of the following: initiated behaviour (for example, self cutting, jumping from a height), which they intended to cause self-harm ; ingested a substance in excess of the prescribed or generally recognizable therapeutic dose; ingested a recreational or illicit drug that was an act that the person regarded as self-harm; or ingested a non-ingestible substance or object ’ (Madge et al. 2008). Episodes of DSH were classified as a ‘yes’, ‘no’ or ‘no information given’ by three independent raters using the standardized definition above (Cohen’s k=0.77). When participants reported that they had harmed themselves in the past but did not describe the act, they were classified ‘no information given’ and were not included as a DSH case. The definition used allowed for a wide range of motives and levels of suicidal intent." (p. 1812-3)
McMahon et al. (2010b)	Males: Worries about SO *** School Bullying History	Males: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation) School Bullying History	Deliberate Self-Harm: Definition Above	Cross-sectional study, 1870 boys in 39 schools, anonymous questionnaire. Part of the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) study. 53.3% of boys were 16 years old. Study Sample Ages: 15 to 17. Greater Risk for Lifetime Self-Harm for Boys Bullied in School and Reporting SO Worries in Bivariate Analysis: 5.59 (2.63-11.88) Greater Risk for Lifetime Self-Harm for Boys not Bullied in School and Reporting SO Worries in Bivariate Analysis: 4.70 (1.89-11.71)
McMahon et al. (2010b)	Males: Worries about SO *** No School Bullying History	Males: No Worries About SO (Sexual Orientation) No School Bullying History	Deliberate Self-Harm: Definition Above
Chakraborty et al. (2011)	Non-Heterosexual N = 659 Includes: All, from "Mostly Heterosexual" to "Entirely Homosexual" and "Other"	100% (Entirely) Heterosexual N = 6,811	Attempted Suicide, Lifetime 8.9% vs. 5.3% 1.7<2.3<3.1 ^a 1.6<2.2<3.0 ^b	The Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007 (n = 7403): representative of the population living in private UK households. a. Unajusted OR. - b. OR Adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity and education. Note: Study also reports results for "Self-Harm, Lifetime" and for "Suicidal thoughts, lifetime."
Chakraborty et al. (2011)	Life Sexual Experiences: All Same-Sex to Some Same-Sex. N = 667	Life Sexual Experiences: Only With Opposite Sex, Never Same-Sex N = 6,794	Attempted Suicide, Lifetime 9.2% vs. 5.1% 1.4<1.9<2.6 ^a 1.3<1.8<2.5 ^b	The Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey 2007 (n = 7403): representative of the population living in private UK households. a. Unajusted OR. - b. OR Adjusted for gender, age, ethnicity and education. Those reporting no sexual partners in lifetime were removed from the analysis. Note: Study also reports results for "Self-Harm, Lifetime" and for "Suicidal thoughts, lifetime."
Wang et al. (2012)	Bisexual to Homosexual Group: n = 64	100% Heterosexual: n = 2,903 The 'Mostly Heterosexual' Removed From Analysis.	Lifetime: 14.1% (5.6-22.6) vs. 3.0% (2.4-3.6) OR: 5.36 (2.57-11.2)	Swiss Multicenter Adolescent Survey on Health (SMASH): 4044 males, in school, age: 16 to 20 years-old, random sampling in 2002. 72.5% only heterosexual, 23.3% mostly heterosexual, 0.8% equally bisexual, 0.4% mostly homosexual, 0.4% only homosexual, and 2.6% nonresponse.
Wang et al. (2012)	Bisexual to Homosexual Group: n = 296	100% Heterosexual: n = 17,072 The 'Mostly Heterosexual' Removed From Analysis.	Lifetime: 5.1% (2.6-7.6) vs. 1.3% (1.1-1.5) OR: 4.68 (3.06-7.15)	Swiss Recruit Survey (ch-x): 22,191 males, mostly 20 years old, 50% selected for study & all completing questionnaire in 2002-03. 91.7% only heterosexual, 5.3% mostly heterosexual, 0.9% equally bisexual, 0% mostly homosexual, 0.7% only homosexual, and 1.2% non-response.
Wang et al. (2012)	Note: The second Swiss Recruit Survey (ch-x) drew its sample from new recruits of the Swiss army. Non-Swiss citizens (22% of the resident population) were excluded from the survey, as were Swiss men with health exemptions and those opting for civil service. A significant proportion of Swiss gay men avoid compulsory military service through those means.
* M = Males - F = Females -- RR = Risk Ratio, Estimated - "ns" = Not Statistically Significant * Somewhat of a proxy for having a homosexual orientation. SO: Sexual Orientation.

Youth "Attempted Suicide" Risks: Norway Homosexually Oriented Youth
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Wichstrom & Hegna (2003)	6.5% (MF*) 7.0%(F) 5.7% (M) Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	93.5% No Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	15.4% vs. 3.6% Lifetime RR: 4.3	108 Attempters = 4.4%, N = 2,460 (In Regression Model) OR = 4.7 (3.1, 7.3), No Controls. OR = 4.3 (2.1, 5.6), With 6 Controls Variables
	20.9% (F) 8.6% (M) Some Same -Sex Sexual Attraction	--	9.1% vs. 3.6% Lifetime RR: 2.5	ORs not Generated
	13.5% (F) 8.9% (M) Some GLB Identity	--	9.1% vs.3.6% Lifetime RR: 2.5	ORs not Generated
	7.0% (F) Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	93.0% No Same-Sex Sexual Contact, Ever	19.4% vs. 4.2% From T-2 to T-3 ** RR: 4.6	N = 1,327 Females *** Predicting Suicide Attempt from 1994 to 1999: OR = 5.9 (3.2, 10.8), No Controls. OR = 5.0 (2.3, 10.6), 3 Controls
Wichstrom (2009)	(M) (F) Non-Heterosexual Sexual Interests At Time 1	(M) (F) No Same-Sex Sexual Interests Reported At Time 1	(M) (F) Attempted Suicide From T1 to T2	OR = 6.8 (3.7, 12.6) With Control Variables. See Study Description Below.
Wichstrom (2009)	Same Longitudinal Student Survey: In Multivariate Nominal Regression, students who had reported having had same-sex-sexual contacts before Time 1 (T1) or had been aware of their same-sex sexual interest before T1 were classified as having non-heterosexual sexual interest... and this category produced the strongest predictors (besides NSSI & Attempting Suicide at T1) for Non-suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) [OR: 4.06, 1.95 - 8.47] and Attempting Suicide [OR: 6.81, 3.70 - 12.55] from T1 to Time 2.
* M = Males - F = Females Longitudinal Study, 3 Questionnaires from T-1 to T3: 1992 (T-1): 12,287 students, Grades 7 - 12. - 1994 (T-2): 9,679 students, Grade 9 - 12+. - 1999 (T-3): 2,924 Youth.. - Mean Ages: 14.9 years (SD: 1.7, T-1) to 16.5 years (SD: 1.9, T-2) to 22.1 years (SD: 1.9, T-3). * No Homo-Sex male suicide attempters from 1994 to 1999. Comparing the N's in both regression models reveals that there are only about 1,133 males (2460 - 1,327) available for analysis. Responders to "Attempted Suicide" and "Same-Sex Sex" questions: Males = 1,239; Females = 1,567: Total = 2,806, but the numbers are lower in regression analyses due to non-responses to other variables: 1,133 and 1,327 (Total = 2,460), respectively. Is An Estimate of the Percentage of Suicide Attempters Who are Homo-Sex Males Possible? Maybe not possible to calculate given the data supplied by the authors. Males & Females Reporting Homo-Sex, Ever: 2,806 X 6.5% = 182. For Females: 1,567 X 7.0% = 109.7 = 100. For Males: 1,239 X 5.7% = 70.6 = 71. Homo-Sex Males & Females Who Attempted Suicide: 182 X 15.4% = 28 Suicide Attempters. Homo-Sex Females Who Attempted Suicide from T-2 to T-3: 110 X 19.4% = 21 Suicide Attempters. This would mean that only a maximum of 7 Homo-Sex male suicide attempters could exist up to T-2, the number likely being less. Furthermore, it would seem that the great majority of Homo-Sex females who attempted suicide between T-2 and T-3 (All? Almost All?) are repeat suicide attempters. Assuming "All", this would mean that there are 7 Homo-Sex male suicide attempters, for an "Attempted Suicide" Incidence of 9.9% (7 / 71), all having occurred up to T-2. Unfortunately, the authors did not report any "Attempted Suicide" results specific to Homo-Sex males, other males, or all males up to T-2. The lifetime "Attempted Suicide" incidence for males is 2.2%; 1.6% for Non-Homo-Sex males from T-2 to T-3.

2005 National Public Health Survey, Sweden Sexual Orientation & Transgender Related Suicidality
Categories	Attempted Suicide, Ever % - Suicidal Thoughts, Ever [%]
	Transgender * n = 374	Males **		Females **
	Transgender * n = 374	Homo-Bi	Others	Homo/Bi	Others
16 - 29 Years	27% n = ?	11% [47%] n = ?	4% [14%] n = ?	21% [53%] n = ?	8% [21%] n = ?
30 - 44 Years	28% n = ?	3% [30%] n = ?	3% [12%] n = ?	8% [17%] n = ?	5% [14%] n = ?
45 - 54 Year	12% n = ?	16% [21%] n = ?	3% [9%] n = ?	11% [25%] n = ?	5% [13%] n = ?
54 - 64 Years	21% n = ?	11% [33%] n = ?	4% [12%] n = ?	12% [27%] n = ?	6% [16%] n = ?
* Web Survey Data: Reported in National Public Health Survey, 2005. - ** National Public Health Survey, 2005. Results also given in Winzer & Boström (2007). It 'appears" like 1,028 persons did not answer the "sexual orientation" question, and were removed from the analysis. The same applies for those "not sure" of their sexual orientation. The final sample - 29,190 persons: '648 persons (2 percent) indicated that they were not exclusively heterosexual. The largest group among those who were not exclusively heterosexual were heterosexual with some homosexual elements (here called "hetero-homo") (304 persons) followed bisexual (221 persons), homosexuals (99 persons) and homosexuals with some heterosexual elements (here called "homo hetero") (24 persons)'.

2005 & 2008 National Public Health Survey, Combined Sweden - Sexual Orientation & Lifetime Suicidality Men & Women: Ages 16 - 29 Years
Categories	Hetero- Sexual n = 12,560	Homo- Sexual / Bisexual n = 554	Unsure of Sexual Orientation n = 215
Men
Seriously Considered Taking Your Life	12%	42% RR: 3.5	29% RR: 2.4
Ever Tried to Commit Suicide	3%	11% RR: 3.7	17% RR: 5.7
Women
Seriously Considered Taking Your Life	20%	47% RR: 2.3	34% RR: 1.7
Ever Tried to Commit Suicide	8%	26% RR: 3.2	21% RR: 2.6
Data Source: Ungdomsstyrelsen (2010) See: Figur 1.7 & 1.8, Kapitel [Chapter] 1

"Attempted Suicide" Risks: Special Population Samples Homosexually vs. Heterosexually Oriented Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Herrell et al. (1999)	103 (M*) Reporting Same-Sex Partner(s) Since Age 18	103 (M) Not Reporting Same-Sex Partner(s) Since Age 18	14.7% vs 3.0% Lifetime **RR: 4.9	USA: Vietnam Era Twin Registry 103 Twin Pairs, Discordant for Sexual Orientation OR = 6.5 (1.5, 28.8) More Related Information
Herrell et al. (1999)	119 (M) Reporting Same-Sex Partner(s) Since Age 18	6,537 (M) Not Reporting Same-Sex Partner(s) Since Age 18	15.2% vs. 2.2% Lifetime RR: 6.9	USA: Vietnam Era Twin Registry N = 6,656 All Homosexual vs. All Heterosexual OR = 7.9 (4.6, 13.4) Calculated From Estimated Counts
Fergusson et al. (1999)	29 (MF*) Gay, Lesbian or Bisexual Identified	979 (MF) Heterosexual Identified	32.1% (9 / 29) vs. 7.1% (69 / 979) RR: 4.5	Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 21 Years Attempted Suicide: Age 14 - 21 Years OR = 6.2 (2.7, 14.3)
Skegg et al. (2003)	427 (M) Reporting Any Same-Sex Sexual Attraction	53 (M) Reporting Only Opposite- Sex Sexual Attraction	17.0% (9 / 53) vs. 6.1% (26 / 427) RR: 2.3	Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 26 Years Attempted Suicide: Lifetime OR = 3.2 (1.4, 7.2) (With Control Variables)
Skegg et al. (2003)	119 (F) Reporting Any Same-Sex Sexual Attraction	343 (F) Reporting Only Opposite- Sex Sexual Attraction	12.6% (15 / 119) vs. 9.3% (32 / 343) RR: 1.3	Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 26 Years Attempted Suicide: Lifetime OR = 1.4 (0.7, 2.7) ns (With Control Variables)
Fergusson et al. (2005)	Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 26 Years Attempted Suicide From age 21-25 Years. See Below.
O'Donnell et al. (2004)	31 (MF) Same-Sex Sex, Past Year	848 (MF) No Same-Sex Sex, Past Year	? % vs. ? % Males: 7.3% Females: 13%	Longitudinal School Based Survey (USA): Grade 8 to Grade 11: 42.1% Male 68.6% African American, 16.5% Hispanic/Latino, 6.8% Black/Hispanic 2.7 (1.8, 6.6), with 9 Controls
Fergusson et al. (2005)	Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 26 Years Attempted Suicide From age 21-25 Years. See Table Below.
McNair et al. (2005)	8.6%, n = 801 Mainly Heterosexual to Lesbian	91.4%, n = 8,482 Exclusively Heterosexual	Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide Past 6 Months 11.1 - 17.3% vs. 2.7%	Australian ALSWH Cohort Young Women in 2000 ORs: 4.3 to 8.0 (3 Control Variables) ORs: 3.1 to 5.3 (6 Control variables) Detailed Results: Table Below.
McNair et al. (2005)	2.5% n = 261 Mainly Heterosexual to Lesbian	97.5% n = 10,035 Exclusively Heterosexual	Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide Past 6 Months 2.0 - 16.1% vs. 0.8%	Australian ALSWH Cohort Mid-Life Women in 2001 ORs: 2.3 to 24.3 (3 Control Variables) ORs: 21. to 24.6 (6 Control variables) Detailed Results: Table Below.
* M = Males - F = Females -- ** RR = Risk Ratio, Estimated - "ns" = Not Statistically Significant

Christchurch, New Zealand: Birth Cohort: At Age 26 Years Attempted Suicide From Age 21 to 25 Years by Sexual Orientation (Latent Class Determination) Fergusson et al. (2005)
Heterosexual	Predominantly Heterosexual	Predominantly Homosexual	p	Risk Ratio^* Ods Ratio
Males, N = 469
93.7%, n = 439	4.8%, n = 23	1.5%, n = 7
1.6%, n = 7	0.0%, n = 0	28.6%, n = 2	<0.001	RR-1: 4.5<17.9<71.4 OR-1: 4.1<24.7<149.6 RR-2: 0.9<4.2<19.3 OR-2: 0.9<4.4<22.2
Females, N = 498
81.9%, n = 408	14.2%, n = 70	3.9%, n = 20
1.6%, n = 7	4.5%, n = 3	10.0%, n = 2	<0.005	RR-1: 1.3<5.8.<26.3 OR-1:1.2<6.4<32.8 RR-2: 1.2<2.4<4.8 OR-2: 1.04<3.4<10.9
*Note: Only the percentages - NOT the counts - are given by study authors. Counts are Estimated from Percentages. RRs & ORs are approximate estimates given the estimated counts used in calculations. RR-1 & OR-1: Attempted Suicide: Predominantly Homosexual vs. Heterosexual RR-2 & OR-2: Attempted Suicide: Predominantly Homosexual &Predominantly Heterosexual vs. Heterosexual

Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) Self-Harm & Attempted Suicide, Past 6 Months Young & Mid-Life Women: McNair et al. (2005)
Categories	n. (%)	% Self-Harm / Attempted Suicide	Odds Ratios ¹ (3 Control variables)	Odds Ratios ² (6 Control variables)
Young Women: 22 - 27 Years of Age in 2000
Heterosexual	8,214 (91.5%)	2.7% (n = 222)	Reference Category	Reference Category
Predominantly Heterosexual	604 (6.7%)	11.1% (67)	3.1<4.3<5.9	2.2<3.1<4.4
Bisexual	73 (0.81%)	18.7% (13)	4.1<8.0<15.8	2.5<4.8<9.3
Predominantly / 100% Homosexual	90 (1.0%)	17.3% (16)	4.3<8.0<14.7	2.9<5.6<11.0
Percent of Young Women Who Self-Harmed or Attempted Suicide who are not 100% Heterosexual Women (8.5% of Young Women)		30.2% (96 / 318) ³	All Non-Heterosexual Women, No Controls ⁴ 4.0<5.1<6.6	-
Mid-Life Women: 50 - 55 Years of Age in 2001
Heterosexual	9,676 (97.4%)	0.8% (77)	Reference Category	Reference Category
Predominantly Heterosexual	121 (1.2%)	4.0% (5)	1.5<5.0<17.3	1.2<4.6<17.3
Bisexual	15 (0.15%)	16.1% (2)	3.6<24.3<163.9	4.1<24.7<148.6
Predominantly / 100% Homosexual	123 (1.2%)	2.0% (2)	0.42<2.3<13.0 ns	0.38<2.1<11.9 ns
Percent of Mid-Life Women Who Self-Harmed or Attempted Suicide who are not 100% Heterosexual Women (2.6% of Women)		10.5% (9 / 86) ³	All Non-Heterosexual Women, No Controls ⁴ 2.2<4.5<9.0	-
1. 3 Variables: age, region of residence, highest education. - 2. 6 Variables: age, region of residence, highest education, abuse, social support, and stress. - 3. Related N's and Percentage Estimated by Web Page Author: PJT. 4. N's Estimated (An Approximation), and Related ORs Calculated by Web Page Author: PJT. - "ns" = Not Statistically Significant

"Attempted Suicide" Risks: Other USA Random Studies Homosexually vs. Heterosexually Oriented Youth/Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Mathy (2002a)	3,754 (M)	25,652 (M)	8.3% vs. 3.8% - Life: Self-Harm	Sampling: News Web Site: MSNBC Every 1000th visitor: USA, Canada A Sexuality Survey Males, OR: 2.3 (2.0, 2.6) Females, OR: 2.1 (1.7, 2.5) Suicide Question: "I have made a serious suicide attempt or gesture." Yes/No
	1,048 (F)	5,499 (F)	17.1% vs. 9.1% - Life: Self-Harm
Reis & Saewyc (1999)	331 Gay, Lesbian & Bisexual Identified	7,146 Heterosexual Identified	20.6% vs. 6.7% Past Year RR: 3.1	Seattle 1995 Youth Risk Behavior Survey Those "Unsure" of their Sexual Orientation Are Not Included Attempted Suicide: OR = 3.6 (2.7, 4.8) Attempted Suicide, With Medical Care OR = 4.6 (3.1, 6.9) ORs Calculated With Counts Estimated From Given Results
			9.4% vs. 2.2% Past Year Medical Care RR: 4.3
* M = Males - F = Females - RR = Risk Ratio

ACHA's National College Health Assessment-II Fall 2008, Spring 2009, and Fall 2009 Surveys Combined Female Sexual Orientation & Suicidality ¹
Categories	Hetero- Sexual	Bi- Sexual	Lesbian
N's	88,005 Reduced to: 3384	2,456	849
Approximate Percentages	96.38%	2.69%	0.93%
Felt so depressed that it was difficult to function, past year	32.09%	56.73% RR: 1.76 ² OR: 2.79 ³ (2.50-3.13)	50.83% RR: 1.58 OR: 2.27 (1.94-2.67)
Seriously considered suicide, past year	5.61%	22.25% RR: 3.97 OR: 4.92 (4.09-5.92)	17.99% RR: 3.21 OR: 3.84 (3.02-4.88)
Attempted suicide, past year	0.89%	4.67% RR: 5.25 OR: 5.13 (3.36-7.84)	3.67% RR: 4.12 OR: 4.35 (2.58-7.33)
Intentionally cut, burned, bruised, or otherwise injured yourself, past year	5.65%	22.50% RR: 3.98 OR: 4.74 (3.95-5.69)	21.42% RR: 3.79 OR: 4.73 (3.76-5.95)
N's & Percent Female Suicide Attempters, Past Year (Estimate) ⁴	783 84.3%	115 12.4%	31 3.3%
N's & Percent Females Who Self-Injured, Past Year (Estimate) ⁴	4,272 85.3%	553 11.0%	182 3.6%
Data Source: Kerr at al. (2013) 1. Undergraduate Women Aged 18 to 25 Years, Mean: 20.01 Years. Random Sample. USA institutions participating in the ACHA-NCHA-II surveys (Male & Female, Undergraduate & Graduate Students): 40 in Fall 2008 (N=26,685), 117 in Spring 2009 (N=87,105), and 57 in Fall 2009 (N=34,208). 2. RR's: Risk Ratios Calculated by Webpage Author Using Given Data. All Statistical Significances for RRs in Table are the same as for ORs. 3. ORs: Odds Ratios Calculated by Study Authors, with 95% CI (Confidence Intervals). All Statistical Significances for ORs in Table are p < 0.000 4. Estimations by Webpage Author. Calculated from the Given Data. Bisexual women and lesbians would account for about 16% of suicide attempters and 15% of self-injurers in a one-year period at university. The percentage would likely be higher for all sexual minority women - or non-heterosexual women - given that groups such as "transgender" - or those "unsure of their sexual orientation" - were removed from the analysis. These percentages may be about 20% for all non-heterosexual female undergraduates. That is, one in five.

The Survey of Student Wellbeing (SSWB) Suicidality Risks After Non-Suicidal Self Injury (NSSI)
Categories	Contribution of non-suicidal self-injury to later suicide-related thoughts/behavior: Odds Ratios, 95% C.I.
	Post NSSI development of any suicide-related thoughts/behavior		Post NSSI development of suicide behavior (excluding ideation)
	Unadjusted Model	Adjusted Model	Unadjusted Model	Adjusted Model
Sexual Orientation
Heterosexual (Comparison Group)	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mostly Heterosexual	1.5^e (1-2.2)	.7 (.4-1.1)	1.7^e (1-2.7)	.4 (.4-1.5)
Bisexual	3^c (1.8-5.1)	1.3 (.6-2.5)	3.1^c (1.6-6)	1.5 (.6-3.3)
Mostly gay/lesbian or gay/lesbian	3.2^c (1.8-5.7)	2.5^e (1.2-5.3)	5.1^c (2.8-9.3)	4.3^c (1.9-9.6)
^c p < .001 - ^e p < .05
Comments: For university students who had engaged in non-suicidal self injury in the past, the risk for later experiencing "suicide-related thoughts/behavior" or "suicide behavior" while at university was greatest for all non-heterosexual students (Unadjusted Models), and the greatest - at statistically significant levels - only for the "mostly gay/lesbian or gay/lesbian" group (Adjusted Models). Note: When the least serious and most common form of suicidality (suicide ideation) is removed from the suicidality category, the risk for what remains (more serious forms of suicidality) increases even more for the "mostly gay/lesbian or gay/lesbian" group in the "Unadjusted Models" (ORs from 3.2 to 5.1) and the "Adjusted Models" (ORs from 2.5 to 4.3). This is consonant with multiple examples where sexual minority individuals have been reported to be more at risk for the more serious forms of suicidality. See: Related Webpage.
Data Source: Whitlock et al. (2013) Sampling Information: "In 2007, 14,372 students from eight Northeast and Midwest public and private universities participated in aWeb-based study entitled the Survey of Student Wellbeing (SSWB). The sample was representative of the overall student population across all eight universities in terms of ethnicity, age, and socioeconomic status although more females than males participated (57.6% vs. 41.7%, 95% CI, 53.3 - 59.2; Z = 14.96, p < .001). Five of these universities agreed to allow participants the option of participating in a longitudinal study. Two of the five schools were private, two were public, and one was a mix of public and private. All but one are located in largely urban areas. Of 5,214 eligible respondents, 2,320 (44.5%) indicated willingness to participate in longitudinal study. A total of 1,810 (78%) of these participated at Time 2 (spring 2008). Of the eligible 1,810, a total of 1,466 participated at Time 3 (spring 2009). This represents 63.2% of the original sample (n = 2,320) willing to participate in longitudinal study. The final sample did not differ from the original cross-sectional sample of students from the original eight-college study by sex, ethnicity/race, age, sexual orientation, or socioeconomic status, NSSI history, or STB history. At baseline the longitudinal sample (n = 1,466) had an average age of 20.3 (SD = 4); was 59.9% female; 75.5% heterosexual, 16.1% mostly heterosexual, 4.5% bisexual, 3.9% gay/lesbian; 69.3% Caucasian, 4.8% African-American, 3.8% Hispanic,11.1% Asian, and 11% other; 72.2% had fathers who had completed college." (p. 487)

Cornell University's "Survey of College Mental Health and Well Being" ¹ Undergraduate Students: Cornell University & Princeton University ² "Attempted Suicide" Risk: GLBQ vs. Heterosexual Identified Young Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Whitlock & Knox (2007)	63 Gay/Lesbian (MF*)	2,632 Heterosexual	?? Lifetime	Web Survey, Random, Undergraduates at Cornell & Princeton University Appears like only gay & lesbian students are at significantly greater risk for having attempted suicide in lifetime: Adjusted OR: 1.2<4.2<14.1 ³ Mostly Self-Injury & General Suicidality Analyzed. See Table Below. See also: Whitlock et al. (2006), but no relevant GLBT results are given.
	84 Bisexual (MF)	2,632 Heterosexual	?? Lifetime
	76 Questioning (MF)	2,632 Heterosexual	?? Lifetime
1. The Survey: Related Information & Related Publications. - 2. Three other universities appear to be also involved in this survey: MIT, Harvard, and the University of Rochester. See: "College Mental Health Issues and Suicide-Prevention Program Discussed". 3. The OR results from a logistic regression analysis with a control variable (Self-Injury) that is a powerful predictor of "Attempting Suicide" (5.4<9.6<17.1), controlling for demographic variables, including sexual orientation. It is possible that both bisexual and questioning students were also significantly more at risk for having attempted suicide, but that such significant ORs were driven to insignificance by the aforementioned variable being present in the regression, given that such students are at high risk for self-injury. Nothing in this respect was mentioned by the authors. Counts or incidences related to "attempting suicide" were not given. Related ORs - GLBQ groups vs. heterosexual students - with/without controlling demographic variables - were also not given. Nonetheless, bisexual and questioning students remained more at risk for "planning suicide" in a regression: AOR = 2.1<4.0<7.6. * M = Males - F = Females

"Survey of College Mental Health and Well Being" Lifetime Self-Injury Behavior (SIB) & Suicidality: Undergraduate Students Cornell & Princeton Universities: Whitlock & Knox (2007) Raw Counts: Data Not Weighted 1
Category / Sexual Orientation	SIB Only	SIB & Suici- dality ⁵	Suicidality Only	All SIB	² All Suicidality	² SIB or Suicidality	No SIB / Suici- dality
"N" Totals Given: 2,875	292	196	227	488	423	715	2,160
"N" Totals Sexuality N = 2,845	281 (9.8%)	196 (6.9%)	225 (7.9%)	477 (16.7%)	421 (14.7%)	702 (24.6%)	2,143 (74.3%)
Heterosexuality n = 2,632 [92.2%]	256 (9.7%) ³	155 (5.9%)	194 (7.4%)	411 (15.6%)	349 (13.3%)	605 (23.0%)	2,027 [93.8%]

Gay / Lesbian n = 63 [2.2%]	7 (11.1%)	5 (7.9%)	9 (14.3%)	12 (19.0%)	14 (22.2%)	21 (33.3%)	42 [1.9%]
Odds Ratio ⁴	0.52<1.2<2.6	0.54<1.4<3.5	1.02<2.1<4.3	0.67<1.3<2.4	1.02<1.9<3.4	0.98<1.7<2.8
X² , p ⁴	0.13, 0.71	0.46, 0.50	4.2, 0.04	0.55, 0.46	4.2, 0.04	3.7, 0.05

Bisexual n = 84 [2.9%]	17 (20.2%)	21 (25.0%)	14 (16.7%)	38 (45.2%)	35 (41.7%)	52 (61.9%)	32 [1.5%]
Odds Ratio	1.4<2.3<4.1	3.2<5.3<9.0	1.4<2.5<4.5	2.9<4.5<6.9	3.0<4.7<7.3	1.3<2.1<3.2
X² , p	9.9, 0.002	49.0, 0.0000	9.9, 0.002	51.8, 0.0000	54.1, 0.0000	10.3, 0.001

Questioning n = 76 [2.7%]	11 (14.5%)	15 (19.7%)	8 (10.5%)	26 (34.2%)	23 (30.3%)	34 (44.7%)	42 [1.9%]
Odds Ratio	0.82<1.6<3.0	2.2<3.9<7.1	0.70<1.5<3.1	1.7<2.8<4.6	1.7<2.8<4.7	1.7<2.7<4.3
X² , p	1.9, 0.17	24.1, 0.0000	1.06, 0.30	18.9, 0.0000	18.0, 0.0000	19.4, 0.0000
1. An "added to" version of Table 1 in the Whitlock & Knox (2007) paper. 2. Columns added, via count additions from other columns. 3. Counts & Incidence. 4. Odds Ratios: Compared to heterosexual students in same category. Calculated by web page author (PJT) using the given counts. 5. Suicidality: Students reporting suicidal ideation, plan, gesture, or having attempted suicide.

University of Michigan's 2005 / 2007 "Healthy Minds Study" Sexual Minority Results From a Presentation & Related Papers ¹
Eisenberg et al. (2006)	Study results given at a symposium. 2,828 completed surveys, 56.3% response rate (48% for undergrads, 65% for grad students), all results are weighted for non-response. In a list of the "most prominent risk factors for mental health problems": "Bisexual or gay/lesbian/queer (Depression and self-injury)". The intake question for "attempting suicide" in the past 4 weeks only produced one suicide attempter, thus precluding this study from having any value in exploring or understanding more serious forms of suicidality. "Between 3-4% reported suicidal thoughts in the past 4 weeks, and less than 1% reported plans for suicide." Note: It is possible (likely?) that those planning to commit suicide in the past 4 weeks, and especially those who attempted suicide in the past 4 weeks, may have been in a state of mind that would not be conducive to participating in a survey.
Eisenberg et al. (2007a)	Some of the demographic data given in Table Below. "Self-identified bisexual students were more likely to screen positive for depression than self-identified heterosexual students": OR = 2.1<3.9<7.3, from a regression analysis with many control variables. Similar regression analyses do not reveal sexual minority students to be significantly more at risk for depression, anxiety disorders, or suicidal thoughts in the past 4 weeks. However, the low N's may have compromised detecting such "at risk" status. See sexual minority N's in Table Below. The sampling representation for sexual minority undergraduates is poor (the worst being only one undergraduate lesbian in the study sample), and the same applies for the bisexual male representation for both graduate and undergraduate students: 8 students each.
Eisenberg et al. (2007b)	"... multivariate logistic regression estimates of predictors of perceiving a need for mental health services in the past year... reporting oneself to be bisexual (relative to heterosexual, OR = 2.09, p = 0.03) or gay/lesbian (relative to heterosexual, OR = 2.04, p = 0.03)."
Gollust et al. (2008)	"For the full student population, we found no significant associations between self-injury and age, international student status, sexual orientation, graduate or undergraduate student status, or year in school, controlling for all covariates. Logistic regression models, which we estimated separately for male and female students, revealed several notable differences in the predictors of self-injury... Bisexual men (OR = 4.75, CI = 0.98-23.01, p = .053) and lesbians (OR = 5.52, CI = 1.80-16.9, p = .003) were more likely to report self-injury than were heterosexual students..." Alert: Many researchers in suicidology, and especially in sexual minority suicidology, have recognized that males and females should NOT be analysed together, if it is at all possible to do otherwise. The same applies within a sex group for the different sexual minority groups. That is, when analyzed together, a significant "at risk" association for only one group may be greatly reduced (as in being spread over other groups), or even eliminated as the result of non-associations in other groups.
Golberstein et al. (2008)	Sexual minority students are not mentioned in the paper titled "Perceived stigma and mental health care seeking."
Cranford et al. (2009)	In the paper "Substance use behaviors, mental health problems, and use of mental health services in a probability sample of college students," "sexual orientation" is only mentioned to be a control variable in multivariate analyses, with the related results are not reported.
Eisenberg et al. (2009)	In the unpublished paper, "Mental health and academic success in college," sexual minority students are not mentioned.
Zivin et al. (2009)	This study, 'Persistence of mental health problems and needs in a college student population," is longitudinal in nature, using a subset of students who completed the first survey in 2005. "In the fall of 2007, all students who had completed the baseline survey in 2005 and were still enrolled at the university (N=1272) were asked to complete a two-year follow-up survey, with a nearly identical set of measures. Of those re-contacted, 763 (60%) of students completed the second survey. The present study examines data from these 763 students who completed both the 2005 and the 2007 survey." There were 45 GLBT students (5.44% of students) in the 2007 survey. Sexual orientation (GLBT) is a control variable in multivariable logistic regression models but the GLBT results are not reported.
1. Papers related to the Healthy Minds Study. Note: It appears like researcher who have been publishing papers on results from the 2005 / 2007 Healthy Minds Study have specialized in not producing suicidality results - that would likely be "at risk" results - for gay, lesbian and bisexual students. This appears to be a continuing trend for the survey carried out in November 2007 and in March to April 2009, as made evident in the Eisenberg et al. (2013) study (N = 14,175, 5.5% GLB). Suicidality results are given for males & females & race/ethnicity groups, but not on the basis of sexual orientation. Higher risks for GLB students are only given for depression and anxiety (using control variables). Depression, Bisexual, OR (95% Confidence Intervals): 2.11 (1.60, 2.78) - Anxiety, Bisexual, OR: 1.92 (1.36, 2.70) - Anxiety, Gay/Lesbian, OR: 2.09 (1.43, 3.05).

University of Michigan's 2005 "Healthy Minds Study" Some Demographic Highlights, N = 2,843
Categories / Variable	Undergraduates Weighted Percentages		Graduates Weighted Percentages
Categories / Variable	Female n = 677	Male n = 504**	Female n = 819	Male n = 843
Age: 18 to 22 Years	95.1%	93.0%	10.0%	7.1%
White / Caucasian Non-Hispanic / Non-Arab	68.6%	68.1%	56.5%	53.9%
Asian / Pacific Islander	15.0%	15.9%	24.4%	30.8%
International Students	4.3%	6.9%	16.3%	27.3%
Heterosexual	97.2%	96.0%	92.6%	93.6%
Gay / Lesbian / Queer	0.1% n = 1 *	2.5% n = 13	3.2% n = 26	4.5% n = 38
Bisexual	2.6% n = 18	1.5% n = 8	3.6% n = 29	1.0% n = 8
Data Source: Eisenberg et al. (2007a). * The n's are estimated from weighted percentages. Raw counts & percentages are not given, except for the total male and female numbers in the study sample. The "504" counts is reported to be "604" in the paper but that would be an error. See Gollust et al. (2008). The representation of sexual minority students in this study sample is generally poor, the worst being "one lesbian" representing lesbian undergraduate students. Why there would be about 30-times more lesbians in graduate school sample, compared to the undergraduate sample, is food for thought. Eisenberg et al. (2007b) - Weighted Demographic Summary: "**The results, weighted for nonresponse, reflect a population composed of 60.6% white (non-Hispanic), 6.3% black, 19.9% Asian or Asian-American, 3.5% Hispanic (any race), 5.4% multiracial, and 3.6% students who identified some other race. Forty-eight percent were female, 11.8% were international students, and 33.9% were graduate students. This student population was roughly similar in demographic characteristics to the national population of college students." Therefore, weighting would, in many cases, radically change what were the raw counts, especially for females, and for graduate students.

The USA Spring 2000 National College Health Assessment Survey Depression & Suicidality: GLBT Results ¹
Study	GLBT	Hetero- sexual	Depression Diagnosis ³	Seriously Considered Suicide, Past Year ³	Attempted Suicide Past Year ⁴
Leino & Kisch (2005)	n = ? (MF) < 479 ²	n = ? < 14,711 ²	GLBT vs. Heterosexual Odds Ratio: 1.4<1.8<2.4 - Lifetime 27 Control Variables % Depression All: 10.3%	-	-
Leino & Kisch (2005)	n = ? (MF) < 479 ²	n = ? < 14,711 ²	GLBT vs. Heterosexual Odds Ratio: 1.2<1.8<2.7 - Past Year 27 Control Variables % Depression All: 6.1%	-	-
Kisch et al. (2005)	n = ? (MF) < 479 ²	n = ? < 14,711 ²	-	GLBT vs. Heterosexual Odd Ratio: 2.0<2.6<3.3 27 Control Variables % Consider... All: 9.5%	? % Attempted... All = 1.47% Are GLBT Students More at risk?
The Attempted Suicide Incidence for males in the past year: 1.59% = 88 Suicide Attempters. But not all reported their sexual orientation, leaving about 85 Suicide Attempters for analysis. It is 'roughly estimated that 7 or more Suicide Attempters in the GBT male category (n = 208) would produce statistically significant results. For 7 (incidence = 3.4%), the unadjusted OR would be 1.0<2.2<4.8. For 8 (Incidence = 3.8%), the OR would be 1.2<2.5<5.3. Counts Given in Table Below.
The Attempted Suicide Incidence for females in the past year: 1.40% = 126 Suicide Attempters. But not all reported their sexual orientation, leaving about 122 Suicide Attempters for analysis. It is 'roughly estimated that 7 or more Suicide Attempters in the LBT female category (n = 224) would produce statistically significant results.. For 7 (incidence = 3.1%), the unadjusted OR would be 1.1<2.4<5.1. For 8 (Incidence = 3.6%), the OR would be 1.3<2.7<5.7. Counts Given in Table Below.
The Attempted Suicide Incidence for males & females in the past year: 1.47% = 214 Suicide Attempters. But not all reported their sexual orientation, leaving about 207 Suicide Attempters for analysis. It is 'roughly estimated that 7 or more Suicide Attempters in the GLBT category (n = 439) would produce statistically significant results.. For 12 (incidence = 2.7%), the unadjusted OR would be 1.04<1.9<3.4. For 13 (Incidence = 3.0%), the OR would be 1.2<2.0<3.6. Counts Given in Table Below.
Note: Kirsh et all (2005) did not mention whether or not GBT males, LBT females, or GLBT individuals were more at risk for having attempted suicide in the past year. 89.6% Undergraduate Students and 10.4% Graduate Students are in the study sample.
1. Data Set Results for the "Sexual Orientation" Categories & Depression / Suicidality are Given in Table Below. 2. Numbers from Table Below. The would be less "<" because of Non-Responders to questions. M = "Male". F = "Female". Also less because of non-responders to depression and suicidality questions. 3. The Odd Ratio(s) reported would likely be higher if only the Demographic control variables had been used in the regression. 4. The Possible - Likely? - greater risk for GLBT students having attempted suicide is not mentioned. Related data is not given. Hints about such a greater likelihood for GLBT students having attempted suicide - at least in the 2003 ACHA-NCHA survey at one American university - NYU - is given in a Table Below.

The USA Spring 2000 National College Health Assessment Survey Sexual Orientation Demographics & Depression / Suicidality Results Depression / Suicidality Results For GLBT Students Are Not Given
Categories / Variables	Male n (%)	Female n (%)	Unknown n (%)	Total N (%)
Which of the following best describes you? Question # 32	-	-	-	-
Heterosexual	5,151 (94.5%)	8,510 (96.1%)	1,050 (94.1%)	14,711 (94.5%)
Heterosexual 'Sex Unknown" Removed	5,151 (94.5%)	8,510 (96.1%)	Removed	13,661 / 14,100 96.9%
Gay / Lesbian	136 (2.5%)	69 (0.78%)	16 (1.4%)	221 (1.4%)
Bisexual	70 (1.3%)	147 (1.7%)	19 (1.7%)	236 (1.5%)
Transgendered	9 (0.17%)	8 (0.09%)	5 (0.45%)	22 (0.14%)
GBT, LBT, GLBT: 'Sex Unknown" Removed	215 (3.94%)	224 (2.53%)	Removed	439 / 14,100 (3.1%)
Unsure	84 (1.5%)	121 (1.4%)	26 (2.3%)	231 (1.5%)
Totals % of Sample [%]	5,450 (100%) [35.3%]	8,855 (100%) [57.4%]	1,116 (100%) [7.2%]	15,421 (100%) [100%] ¹
Depression Diagnosis, Ever. n / N (%)	340 / 5,504 (6.2%)	1,146 / 8,985 (12.8%)	123 / 1,087 (11.3%)	1,609 / 15,576 (10.3%)
Depression Diagnosis, In The Past year? Yes	125 / 326: 38% 125 / 5,504 ? (2.3%)	685 / 1,114: 61.5% 685 / 8,985 ? (7,6%)	71 / 118: 60.2% 71 / 1,087 ? (6.5%)	957 / 1,558: 61.4% 957 / 15,576 ? (6.1%)
Seriously Considered Suicide 1-2 Times, Past Year	300 / 5,528 (5.4%)	613 / 8,999 (6.8%)	73 / 1,109 (6.6%)	986 / 15,636 (6.3%)
Seriously Considered Suicide >2 Times, Past Year	181 / 5,528 (3.3%)	280 / 8,999 (3.1%)	38 / 1.109 (3.4%)	499 / 15,636 (3.2%)
Seriously Considered Suicide, Past Year	481 / 5,528 (8.7%)	893 / 8,999 (9.9%)	111 / 1,109 (10.0%)	1485 / 15,636 (9.5%)
Attempted Suicide 1-2 Times, Past Year	43 / 5,528 0.78%	96 / 8,999 (1.07%)	12 / 1,108 (1.08%)	151 / 15,635 (0.97%)
Attempted Suicide > 2 Times, Past Year	45 / 5,528 0.81%	30 / 8,999 (0.33%)	14 / 1,108 (1.26%)	89 / 15,635 (0.57%)
Attempted Suicide, Past Year	88 / 5,528 1.59%	126 / 8,999 (1.40%)	26 / 1,108 (2.34%)	240 / 15,635 (1.53%)
Attempted Suicide, Past Year "Sex Unknown" Removed	88 / 5,528 1.59%	126 / 8,999 (1.40%)	Removed	214 / 14,527 (1.47%)
Data Source: ACHA-NCHA (2000) 1. Total Survey: 16,024. 15,421 = 96.2% of Surveys. Percentages often given with more precision that in original document, using the given counts for calculations.

Sexual Orientation Results From The Spring 2003 NYU American College Health Association National College Health Assessment
General Information: Fist Year New York University Students - 1,035 surveys returned - Average age = 18.5 Years - 70% Females. 30% Males - 11% Self-Identified Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual or Unsure Students (GLBU, n = 109). Note: The counts are low, therefore likely statistical non-significance of result differences for males and females analysed separately. Trends nonetheless indicated that are consistent with results in other studies of university students. A Student Presentation by Smith (2006).
Category / Variable	Males		Females
Category / Variable	GBU n = ?	Hetero- sexual	LBU n = ?	Hetero- sexual
Depression Diagnosis, Ever? Question asked twice.	17% 19%	7% 8%	43% 43%	14% 15%
Depression Diagnosis, Past Year?	11%	3%	18%	7%
Anxiety Diagnosis, Ever?	15%	5%	20%	9%
Anorexia Diagnosis, Ever?	8%	< 1%	6%	5%
Seriously Considered Suicide, Past year, One to 11+ Times?	26%	15%	25%	15%
Attempted Suicide, Past Year, One to Two Times? ¹	6%	1%	6%	1%
Attempted Suicide, Past Year, More Than Two Times?	?	?	?	?
1. Assuming that about 100 GLBU students and 900 Heterosexual students responded to the "Attempted Suicide" question, this would mean that there are 6 GLBU suicide attempters and about 9 Heterosexual suicide attempters. The Odds Ratio, with such numbers would be: 2.2<6.3<18.1, X² = 15.2 , p = 0.002. However, not all those who attempted suicide may have been counted, meaning those who attempted suicide more than 2 times in the past year. Also interesting that, of the students who attempted suicide one- to two-times in the past year, about 40% of them (6/15) would be GLBU students.

Suicidality Results: University of Washington Students, Seattle Murphy (2007): PhD Dissertation Study
Suicidal Behavior ¹ / Sexual Identity	Sex n	Suicide Seriously Considered n: %	Suicide Planned n: %	Attempted Suicide n: %	Medical Attention Received n: %
Heterosexual: No Same-Sex Attraction or Behavior: n= 404 n: %	M: 153	15: 9.8%	13: 8.5%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%
	F: 251	15: 6.0%	9: 3.5%	5: 2.0%	0: 0.0%
	MF: 404	30: 7.4%	22: 5.4%	5: 1.2%	0: 0.0%
Heterosexual: Some Same-Sex Attraction or Behavior: n = 79 n: %	M: 16	4: 25.0%	4: 25.0%	1: 6.3%	0: 0.0%
	F: 63	13: 20.6%	10: 15.9%	5: 7.9%	2: 3.2%
	MF: 79	17: 21.5%	14: 17.7%	6: 7.6%	2: 2.5%
Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Queer n = 38 ² n: %	M: 21	1: 4.8%	2: 9.5%	1: 4.8%	0: 0.0%
	F: 15	5: 33.3%	2: 13.3%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%
	MF: 36	7: 18.4%	5: 13.2%	1: 2.6%	0: 0.0%
Not Sure n = 7 n: %	M: 4	2: 50.0%	1: 25.0%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%
	F: 3	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%
	MF: 7	2: 28.6%	1: 14.3%	0: 0.0%	0: 0.0%
χ2 = - - . - - df = ( ) ρ = 0. - - - (From Study)		M & F: 14.60 (6), < 0.05 MF: 19.06 (3), < 0.001	M&F: 12.0 (6), 0.06 MF: 15.6 (3), < 0.01	M & F: 6.00 (2), 0.05 MF: 12.21 (3), < 0.01	1.67 (1), 0.20
All With Same-Sex Sexual Attraction / Behavior	MF: 121	26: 21.7%	20: 16.7%	7: 5.8%	2: 1.6%
All Same-Sex, Compared With Heterosexual (n = 406) (From Study)		χ² (1) = 19.5, < 0.001	χ² (1) = 15.7, < 0.001	χ² (1) = 8.7, < 0.01	χ² (1) = 1.4, 0.20 ⁴
Odds Ratio: Same-Sex vs. Heterosexual ³		1.9<3.4<6.0	1.8<3.4<6.5	1.5<4.9<15.7	- ⁵
Sample: Mostly From First Year Psychology Classes, Some From the Q Center: GLBTQ Services M = Male, F = Female -- 1. In the Past Year. -- 2. Gender Identity: Transgender = 1, Other = 1 3. Calculated by Web Page Author (PJT) Using the Given Counts. 4. In Error. Should be: χ² (1) = 6.7, ρ = 0.009 5. Risk Ratio, measures based on alpha: 3.8<4.4<5.2. If there was one suicide attempters (who had received medical attention) in the heterosexual category, the OR would be: 0.61<6.8<75.7

The American College Health Association's National College Health Assessment 2009 Fall Survey ¹
Sexual Orientation/ Risks	Hetero- sexual n = 25,746 % Incidence	Gay/ Lesbian n = 508 % Incidence	Bisexual n = 785 % Incidence	Unsure n = 415 % Incidence
In Lifetime ²
Considered Suicide	16.4%	37.0% ³ OR: 3.0	47.7% OR: 4.6	33.8% OR: 2.6
Attempted Suicide	6.6%	18.0% OR: 3.1	25.3% OR: 4.8	13.6% OR: 2.2
Self- Injury	14.8%	31.4% OR: 2.6	44.8% OR: 4.7	31.4% OR: 2.6
Before One Year Ago, Not in the Past year
Considered Suicide	11.2%	23.7% OR: 2.5	26.6% OR: 2.9	17.4% OR: 1.7
Attempted Suicide	5.6%	13.6% OR: 2.6	21.7% OR: 4.7	10.9% OR: 2.1
Deliberate Self-Injury	10.4%	15.1% OR: 1.5	27.7% OR: 3.3	16.7% OR: 1.7
In The Past Year
Considered Suicide	5.2%	13.3% OR: 2.8	21.1% OR: 4.9	16.4% OR: 3.6
Attempted Suicide	1.0%	4.4% OR: 4.6	3.6% OR: 3.7	2.7% OR: 2.7
Deliberate Self-Injury	4.4%	16.3% OR: 4.2	17.1% OR: 4.5	14.7% OR: 3.7
In The Past Year: Suicide Attempter Counts & Proportions Approximately One in Five Students Suicide Attempters (19.2%) in American Universities in 2009 Were Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual or Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation. ⁴
Attempted Suicide	1.0%	4.4%	3.6%	2.7%
Estimated Suicide Attempter Counts % of Total	257 80.8%	22 6.9%	28 8.8%	11 3.5%
In The Past Year: Self-Injurers Counts & Proportions Approximately One in Five Students (19.3%) Who Deliberately Self-Injured in American Universities in 2009 Were Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual or Unsure of Their Sexual Orientation. ⁴
Deliberate Self-Injury	4.4%	16.3%	17.1%	14.7%
Estimated Self- Injurer Counts % of Total	1,133 80.3%	83 5.9%	134 9.5%	61 4.3%
Percentage in Each Category Who Attempted Suicide for the First Time in 2009 "Gay/Lesbian" Students are More Likely to Have Attempted Suicide for the First Time in 2009 (24.5% of them), Followed by "Unsure" Students (19.8% of them). ⁴
Atttempter % Lifetime	6.6%	18.0%	25.3%	13.6%
Atttempter % In 2010 Only	1.0%	4.4%	3.7%	2.7%
Percentage First Attempted Suicide in 2010	1 / 6.6 = 15.1%	4.4 / 18.0 24.4%	3.7 / 25.3 14.6%	2.7 / 13.6 19.8%
Category Percentage Who Deliberately Self-Injured for the First Time in 2009 "Gay/Lesbian" Students are More Likely to Have Self-Injured for the First Time in 2009 (51.9% of them), Followed by "Unsure" (46.8%) and "Bisexual" Students (38.2%). ⁴
Self-Injurer % Lifetime	14.8%	31.4%	44.8%	31.4%
Self-Injurer % in 2010 Only	4.4%	16.3%	17.1%	14.7%
Percentage First Self-Injured in 2010	4.4 / 14.8 = 29.7%	16.3 / 31.4% 51.9%	17.1 / 44.8 = 38.2%	14.7 / 31.4 = 46.8%
Data Source: Oswalt &Wyatt (2011) 1. Only American students, foreign students removed. Age Range = 18-49 Years, older students removed. Transgender students (n = 42) removed. 61.4% Female. 2. This category not given in study. Derived by summing the percentages in the two categories below. Calculated by webpage author from the given data. 3. The ORs (Odds Ratios) are comparisons between results in the category and the heterosexual results. All ORs would be statistically significant. ORs calculated by webpage author. They are near-correct approximated results. 4. Calculated by webpage author. They are near-correct approximated results. NOTE: It would be very important to have the results generated for males and females, separately.

ACHA's National College Health Assessment 2008 Fall / 2009 Spring Surveys Combined
Categories	Gay/ Lesbian	Bi- sexual	Hetero- sexual
% Total Sample N = 90,015 ¹	1,800 2.0% Given as 2%	2,503 2.8% Given as 3%	85,710 95.2% Given as 93%
Analyzed Sample	1,800 (MF)	2,505 (MF)	4,273 (MF) ²
Males (M) Females (F)	1,117 (M) 683 (F)	578 (M) 1,925 (F)	1,455 (M) 2,818 (F)
Victimization Incidence Percent: Past Year
Physical Assault	³5.5% 4.5 - 6.6	³8.8%* 7.7 - 10.0	5.3% 4.6 - 6.0
Intimate Partner Violence	15.5%* 13.8 - 17.2	19.6%* 18.1 - 21.2	10.4% 9.4 - 11.3
Sexual Assault	11.3%* 9.9 - 12.8	16.1%* 14.7 - 17.6	7.8% 7.0 - 8.6
Family Problems	35.1%* 32.9 - 37.2	41.8%* 39.9 - 43.7	26.8% 25.5 - 28.1
Discrimination	37.4%* 35.2 - 39.6	19.5%* 17.9 - 21.0	4.2% 3.6 - 4.8
Suicidal Behaviors Incidence Percent: Past Year
Intentional Self-Harm	12.6%* 11.0 - 14.1 ⁴OR: 2.8	20.4%* 18.9 - 22.0 OR: 5.0	4.9% 4.2 - 5.5
Suicide Ideation	15.0%* 13.3 - 16.6 OR: 3.0	21.0%* 19.4 - 22. OR: 4.6	5.5% 4.8 - 6.2
Attempted Suicide	3.3%* 2.5 - 4.2 OR: 3.8	4.6%* 3.7 - 5.4 OR: 5.3	0.9% 0.6 - 1.2
Percentage of All Suicide Attempters by Sexual Orientation Category⁵
All = 948 Attempters # Suicide Attempters % of All Attempters	n = 1800 60 6.3%	n = 2,503 116 12.2%	n = 85,710 772 81.4%
Males: 327 Attempters # Suicide Attempters % of Male Attempters	n = 1,117 37 11.3%	n = 578 27 8.3%	n = 29,185 263 80.4%
Females: 621 Attempters # Suicide Attempters % of Female Attempters	n = 683 23 3.7%	n = 1,925 89 14.3%	n = 56,525 509 82.0%
Data Source: Blosnich & Bossarte (2012) 1. 2% reported to be removed from analysis because "Unsure" of sexual orientation. This is likely why the heterosexual estimate is at 93% instead of 95.2%. 2. The subsample is said to be the same as the original sample, but the variables used for this deternimation are not listed. 3. Incidence percent, 95% Confidence Intervals. Asterix "" means significant statistical difference when compared to heterosexual students, pairwise comparisons (stated). But also by using confidence interval method: CIs do not overlap. 4. ORs (Odds Ratios) calculated by webpage authors from given percentages. Comparisons with heterosexual students. 5. Total heterosexual sample assumed to have same "attempted suicide" incidence as studied subsample. The proportion of males and females also assumed to be the same. Note*: "Unsure" (2% of sample) removed from analysis by study authors, therefore results are an approxination.

College Life Study (CLS): Longitudinal Prospective Study of American College Students.
Categories	All N = 1,085	Hetero- Sexual n = 1,003 *	Homo- sexual, Bisexual, Unsure n = 82	Odds Ratio & % of Problem = Homosexual, Bisexual or Unsure
Suicide Ideation (Once) At College	114 / 1,085 = 10.5% *	97 / 1,003 = 9.7% *	17 / 82 = 20.7% p < 0.01	* OR: 2.4 (1.3, 4.5) p = 0.004 17 / 114 = 14.9% *
Suicide Ideation (Ongoing) At College	37 / 1,085 3.4% *	31 / 1,003 3.1% *	6 / 82 7.3% p < 0.05	* OR: 2.5 (0.9, 6.4) p = 0.054 6 / 37 = 16.2% *
Plan Suicide and/or Attempted Suicide At College	10 / 1,085 = 0.092% *	8 / 1,003 = 0.080% *	2 / 82 = 2.44% p = 0.135 *	* OR: 3.1 (0.4, 16.1) p = 0.171 2 / 10 = 20% *
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury At College	75 / 1,081 = 6.9% *	59 / 997 = 5.9% *	16 / 84 19.0% p < 0.001	* OR: 3.7 (1.9, 7.1) p < 0.000 16 / 75 = 21.3% *
Data Sources: Suicidality: Wilcox et al. (2010), Self-Injury: Wilcox et al. (2011-12) * Calculation by Webpage Author Using the Given Data. Wilcox et al. (2010): A 4-Year Ongoing Evaluation of Undergraduate Students. 1,085 participants, 572 (52.7%) female, 795 (73.3%) self-reported as White, and 82 (7.6%) reported being homosexual, bisexual or unsure sexual orientation. Wilcox et al. (2011-12): 1,081 participants, 582 (54%) female, 786 (73%) self-reported as White, and 84 (8%) reported being homosexual, bisexual or unsure sexual orientation. Homosexual/Bisexual/Unsure Students Independently Predicts Lifetime NSSI (OR: 3.8: 1.9 - 7.4, p < 0.001) and NSSI in the Previous Year, Meaning While at University (OR: 6.2: 1.8 - 22.1, p = 0.005),

Heterosexual, Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual University Students (Random Sample): Alcohol & Drug Use / Abuse: Suicidality, Violence, & Feel Safe on Campus
Categories	% (n) GLB (n = 42) vs. Heterosexual (n = 1028)	Odds Ratio (95% CI) ¹	Odds Ratio (95% CI) ²	Odds Ratio (95% CI) ³
Suicidality AOD Related ⁴	23.8% (10) 4.5% (43)	6.6 (3.0–14.2)	6.6 (3.0–14.3)	5.1 (2.2–11.6)
Physical / Sexual Violence ⁵	38.1% (16) vs. 19.5% (184)	2.5 (1.3–4.9)	2.3 (1.2–4.5)	---
Feel Safe on Campus	83.3% (35) 95.5% (903)	0.2 (0.1–0.6)	0.2 (0.1–0.6)	---
Percentage of All AOD Associated Suicidality that is GLB Related		10 / [10 = 43 = 53] = 18.9%
Data Source: Reed et al. (2010) 1. Crude Odds Ratio. - 2. Controlling for Gender. - 3. Controlling for whether feel safe on campus, physical threats, sexual violence, and perceived stress - 4. "Thought about or seriously tried to commit suicide due to AOD" (alcohol and other drug use). 5. "Physical or Sexual Violence or Threats of Physical Violence."

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: Other Studies Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Theuninck (2000) Thesis	329 (M) 95% Mostly to 100% Gay / Homosexual	None	All:16.5% 15-21: 25.3% 22-25: 17.4% 26-29: 11.7% 30+: 10.8%	329 Volunteers: Internet: South Africa Age 15-74 Years, 88%: 15-34 Years 74% White, 18% Black, 8% Others Lifetime attempted suicide incidence given for all, and by age categories.
Wells & Polders (2004)	487 (M)(F) M: 148 Black, 117 White F: 160 Black. 56 White	None	All: 21% No Significant Group Differences	Gauteng, South Africa Purposive Quota Sampling: At least 30 in each of 12 clusters, Volunteers, GLB Community. Ages: 15-24 (46%), 25-40 (48%), > 40 (6%). 86% Gay/Lesbian, 14% Bisexual
Ortiz- Hernández (2005) Mexico	318 (M)	None	12% Lifetime	69% Same-Sex Attraction Only, 28% = Both Sex Attraction. Mean Age = 29 years
Ortiz- Hernández (2005) Mexico	188 (F)	None	21% Lifetime	52% Same-Sex Attraction Only, 35% = Both Sex Attraction. Mean Age = 29 Years
Kuang &Nojima (2005)	266 (W) Lesbian Women	144 (W) Hetero- sexual Women	20% vs. 15% Lifetime	Japanese Women, Internet Sample Age Rage Not Given, Likely from 18 to more than 35 years of age. RR: 0.8<1.4<2.5 Fisher Exact p-value, 2-tailed = 0.285 Calculated by Webpage Author.
Kuang &Nojima (2005)	279 (W) Lesbian Women	271 (W) Hetero- sexual Women	35% vs. 27% Lifetime	Taiwanese Women, Internet Sample Age Rage Not Given, Likely from 18 to more than 35 years of age. RR: 1.0<1.5<2.1 Fisher Exact p-value, 2-tailed = 0.043 Calculated by Webpage Author. Also Reported by Kuang et al (2003)
Fernandez et al. (2006) South Florida	171 (M) Same-Sex Sex, Past 5 Years	None	16.4%	Sample: Internet Chatrooms, Then Did Computer Questionnaire in Community. Hispanic/Latino Males: Mean Age: 32.1 (SD: 6.5) Years, 19 to 46 Years.
Jeng (2007) Taiwan Chinese Text	From English Abstract: This study examined the moderating effects of gender on the relationship of sexual orientation to suicidality among college students and the mediating factors between sexual orientation and suicidality... A representative sample, consisting of 1,288 females and 1,325 males completed the self administered questionnaires... Results found that individuals who were gay, lesbian, bisexual and not sure (GLBN) had more severe suicide ideations, and a higher suicide attempt rate compared to their heterosexual peers. The hierarchical regression analyses showed that an interaction between gender and sexual orientation reached significance in predicting suicide ideation or suicide attempt. Further analyses revealed only GLBN males were more likely to be at risk for suicidality. Depressive symptoms and suicide attempt among relatives partially mediated, but the perceived acceptance from parents or friends completely mediated the relationship between sexual orientation and suicide attempt...
Hidaka & Operario (2006) Japan	1,025 (M)	None	15.1% (155 / 1,025)	Volunteers: Internet Sample, Japan Median Age: 26 Years 65%: University Degree - 68% Homosexual, 18% Bisexual Identified
Hidaka et al. (2008) N= 2,095 (MF) Homo/Bi/Other = 78 Japan	49** (M)	986**	24.5% (12 / 49) vs. 4.7% (46 / 986)	Osaka, Japan Sample: Street-intercept methods: Age Range (MF): 15 and 24 Years Average Age: 19.7 Years 54.4%: 15-19 Years - 45.5%: 20-24 Years 3.2<6.6<13.6 (No Controls) 2.6<6.0<13.5 (Controls)
Hidaka et al. (2008) N= 2,095 (MF) Homo/Bi/Other = 78 Japan	29** (F)	1,031**	20.7% (6 / 29) vs. 11.2% (115 / 1031)	0.8<2.1<5.2 (No Controls) ns 0.4<1.1<3.1 (Controls) ns
* M = Males - F = Females - RR = Risk Ratio - "ns" = Not Statistically Significant

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: Dissertation Studies American Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Hecht (1998) Thesis	74 (MF*) Gay, Lesbian Bisexual Identified	None	25.7% (19 / 74)	American Volunteers: GLB Community Mean Age: 18.7 Years, 13 to 24 years 52 Males & 22 Females Male Attempters: 13 / 52 = 25.0% Female Attempters: 6 / 22 = 27.3%
Kiedman (2001) Thesis	225 (MF) 106 (M) 119 (F)	None	27.1% 61 / 225 Attempted Suicide in High School	Volunteers: Attending a National Gay & Lesbian Youth Conference: San Francisco 99% GLB Identified. Age Range: 18 to 25 Years, 47% = 18 to 19 Years-Old
Levinson (2000) Thesis	469 (M)	None	11.9% (53 / 469) Lifetime	Greater Boston Area. About 50% Recruited on University Campuses Mean Age: 23.3, 18 to 24 Years 77.4% White, 52.6% (233 / 457) with one or more university degree.
Friedman (2002) Thesis Additional Results	96 (M) 96% Gay or Bisexual Identified	None	29.2% (28 / 96) True Attempts: 14.8% (14 / 96)	Volunteers: Gay Community/Other (35/99), Gay Organizations, 5 Universities (64/99) Mean Age: 20.3, SD: 1.8, 18 to 25 Years Some Suicidality Information Given in Friedman et al. (2006)
Morgan (2004) Thesis	1,114 (MF) 100% Same-Sex Attracted	167 Same/Both Sex Attracted	27.1% (42 / 167) 6.1% (68 / 1,114)	Sample: Schools & Anti-Truancy Program Alabama is Likely 50% African American,. 35% White Mean Age: 15.5 (SD: 1.5), 13 to 18 Years Attempted Suicide, Same/Both Sex Attracted: Males (14.0%), Females (30.9%) OR = 5.2 (3.4, 7.9) Percentages & OR calculated from given data and estimations.
Boarts (2008)	98 (MF) 67 (M) 31 (F)	None	25.5% (25 / 98) Lifetime	Volunteers, GLBT Organization, Cleveland, Ohio 80.8% Mostly Homosexual or Bisexual. 85.7% African American, 14.3% Mixed Ethnicity. Age Range: 13-24 Years, Mean Age: 19.5 Years
* M = Males - F = Females - RR = Risk Ratio

The Friedman (2002) Study of Gay/Bisexual Male Youth "Attempting Suicide" Criteria
Category	% n / N	Description
Reported Having Attempted Suicide	29.2% (28 / 96)	All who reported having attempted suicide.
False Suicide Attempter	7.3% (7 / 96)	Determined by follow-up statements describing what would have been the 'suicide attempt'. e.g. only suicide ideation or planning to kill oneself.
Inconclusive Suicide Attempter	7.3% (7 / 96)	Suicide attempt is confirmed, but no related medical care required. Some definitely not serious, such as a minor cut. Therefore deemed "inconclusive"
True Suicide Attempters	14.8% (14 / 96)	Suicide attempt is confirmed, also with the report of having received related medical care.
Data Source: Friedman (2002)

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: Colorado Homosexually Oriented Adolescents or Youth
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Jackson (1999) Thesis	134 (MF*)	None	44.7% (F) 59 / 132 Lifetime	Volunteers From Larger Metropolitan Areas in Colorado. Age Range: 14 to 28 Years Attempted Suicide Incidences: Females (36 / 72 = 50%), Males (23 / 59 = 39%)
Boulder County Public Health (2005)	5.6% GLBU Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Identified + Unsure	92.5% Heterosexual Identified	44.0% vs. 13.5% Past Year RR : 3.3	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Colorado. White (81.2, 74.3%), Hispanic/Latino (10.9, 21.6%), Asian (5.4, 2.6%), Black (1.8, 0.9%), Native American (0.7. 0.7%). N = 1,960, Grade 9 to 12 44.0% (95%CI: 38.3, 49.7) 13.5% (95%CI: 12.6, 14.4) ** OR = 3.5 (2.4, 5.2) Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2006)	5.5% GLBU	89.2% Heterosexual	23.6% vs. 6.3% Past Year RR : 3.7	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2005 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,956 Students, Grade 9 - 12. 0.07% Gay/Lesbian, 3.6% Bisexual, 2.2% Unsure. White (72.1%), Hispanic/Latino (17.3%), Asian (4.1%), Black (1.6%), Native American (1.3%). Seriously consider suicide: 45.9% (GLBU) vs. 15.0% (Heterosexual), RR: 3.1 Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2008)	7.2% GLBU	92.8% Heterosexual	23.0% vs. 7.2% Past year RR: 3.2	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2007 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,381 Students. Grade 9 - 12. Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2010)	9.3% GLBU	90.7% Heterosexual	20.3% vs. 4.2% RR: 4.8	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,491 Students. Grade 9 - 12. Additional Suicidality Results.
Boulder County Public Health (2012)	8.2% GLBU	91.8% Heterosexual	31.8% vs. 4.2% RR: 7.6	Boulder, St. Vrain School Districts: 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey. 2,197 Students. Grade 9 - 12. Additional Suicidality Results.
Walls et al. (2008)	142 (MF) 91% GLB Identified	None	57 / 142 40.1% Past Year	Pencil/Paper Survey GLBT Youth Receiving Services at a Denver, Colorado GLBT Community Social Services Agency: "Rainbow Alley." Age Range: 14-21 Years, 82%: 16-19 Years. 39% White, 28% Bi/Multi- Racial, 20% Latino/a, 8% Black, 3.5% Native American, 0.7% Asian.. Major Predictors of "Attempting Suicide": Hopelessness, Homelessness. Protective Factor: At a school with a GSA: Gay / Straight Alliance group.
Walls et al. (2008a) Paper Submitted For Publication	265 (MF) 144 (F) 54.3% 121 (M) 45.7% Transgender: 13 4.9%	None	59 / 265 22.3% Past Year	Online Survey done by "Rainbow Alley" GLBT Youth Services in 2006. Mean Age: 17.9 Years. Age Range: 13 to 22 Years 74.3%, n=197: White or Asian; 10.6%, n=28: bi- or multiracial; 6.0%, n=16: African American; 6.0%, n=16: Latino/a; 3.0%, n=8: Native American or Hawaiian Native. Cutting Behavior in Past 12 Months: 47.2% (n = 125), 56.5% (<= 17 Years), 40.8% (>17 Years). Suicide Attempters: 10 times more likely to be cutters.
* M = Males - F = Females - RR = Risk Ratio ** Not Given. Calculated by assuming 110 GLBU (48 Suicide Attempters), and 1813 Heterosexual Identified Adolescents (329 Suicide Attempter).

Youth Risk Behavior Survey Results: 2003, 05, 07, 09, 2011 Boulder County, Colorado - Suicidality Related Variables
Risk Behaviors Statistical Significance, p < 0.05 - No Overlapping CIs (Confidence Intervals)	Incidence %, GLBU (Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Unsure) vs. Incidence % Heterosexual. Risk Ratio [__] * - Odds Ratio (__) *
	2003	2005	2007	2009	2011
Felt sad or hopeless almost every day for 2 weeks or more during the 12 months preceding the survey	49.5% vs 24.2% [2.0] (3.1)	53.7% vs. 22.8% [2.4] (3.9)	53.2% vs. 25.4% [2.1] (3.3)	52.2% vs 22.3% [2.3] (3.8)	55.1% vs. 22.3% [2.5] (4.3)
Seriously considered attempting suicide one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey	63.3% vs. 16.8% [3.8] (8.5)	45.9% vs. 15.0% [3.1] (4.8)	45.7% vs. 14.3% [3.2] (5.0)	35.3% vs. 11.1% [3.2] (4.4)	43.9% vs. 11.3% [3.9] (6.1)
Planned Suicide, Past 12 Months	Not Given	Not Given	Not Given	28.9% vs. 9.2% [3.1] (4.0)	41.4% vs. 13.4% [3.1] (4.6)
Attempted suicide one or more times during the 12 months preceding the survey	44.0% vs. 13.5% [3.3] (5.0)	23.6% vs. 6.3% [3.7] (4.6)	23.0% vs. 7.2% [3.2] (3.8)	20.3% vs. 4.2% [4.8] (5.8)	31.8% vs. 4.2% [7.6] (10.6)
Suicide attempt resulted in medical treatment	Not Given	Not Given	Not Given	4.1% vs. 1.8% [2.3] (2.3)	12.4% vs. 1.7% [7.3] (8.2)
Intentionally Self-Injured	Not Given	55.4% vs. 17.2% [3.2] (6.0)	38.9% vs. 17.6% [2.2] (3.0)	51.0% vs. 16.1% [3.2] (5.4)	61.1% vs. 17..1% [3.6] (7.6)
Data Sources: 2003 YRBS Results. - 2005 YRBS Results. - 2007 YRBS Results. 2009 YRBS Results. 2011 YRBS Results. * RRs & ORs Calculated by Webpage Author Using: 2-way Contingency Table Analysis.

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: Other Studies Canadian Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Magnuson (1992) Thesis	77 (M*)	None	26% Lifetime	Ottawa, Canada: Volunteer Sample Age = 14 to 25 Years Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Identified
Magnuson (1992) Thesis	52 (F*)	None	44% Lifetime
Rein (1998) Thesis	Gay, n = 32 (M)	6,811 (M) Estimated	13 / 32 40.6% vs. 3.7% 252 / 6,811	British Columbia 1992 Adolescent Health Survey: Grade 7 to 12 More Related Information OR = 8.6<17.7<36.2
	Bisexual, n = 110 (M)	6,811 (M) Estimated	18 / 110 16.4% vs. 3.7% 252 / 6,811	OR = 3.0<5.1<8.5
	Lesbian, n = 12 (F)	6,802 (F) Estimated	16.7% (2 / 12) vs. 9.6% (653 / 6,802)	OR = 0.41<1.9<8.6
	Bisexual, n = 96 (F)	6,802 (F) Estimated	20.8% (21 / 96) vs. 9.6% (653 / 6,802)	OR = 1.5<2.5<4.0
McCreary Centre Society (1999)	77 Mostly Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Identified	None	46%	1997 BC Survey, Volunteers From Greater Vancouver, Fraser Valley, Victoria, Nanaimo and Prince George. Age Range: 13 to 19 Years Average Age of First Suicide Attempt: 13 Years-Old
McCreary Centre Society (2009)	(MF) 3% of Sample GLB n = 850 Approximately	(MF) 86% of Sample Heterosexual n = 24,940 Approximately	28% vs. 4% Past 12 months	More than 29,000 British Columbia public school students in grades 7-12 completed the Adolescent Health Survey: February to June 2008. "86% of students identified as heterosexual, 7% as mostly heterosexual, 2% as bisexual, and less than 1% as either mostly homosexual or homosexual (gay or lesbian). The remaining 4% were “not sure.” GLB more at risk for having attempted suicide than other groups noted to be at risk: Aboriginal youth (11% vs. 4% others), obese youth (10% vs. 4% healthy weight) and youth with a health condition or disability (16% vs. 4% without a disability)... physically abused (15% vs. 3%) or sexually abused (22% vs. 4%).
Zhao et al. (2010)	Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual Identified. N = 58	29.3% ORs: 4.65 (2.57–8.41) 2.23 (1.15–4.35)	Heterosexual, no Same-Sex Attraction or Behavior N = 1,624 8.2%, Past 12 Months	2004 Montreal Youth Risk Behavior Survey with additional items related to sexual orientation. N = 1,856 Cited ORs, Top: Unadjusted, No Control Variables. Below: Adjusted, With All Possible Control Variables
	Unsure, N = 59	20.3% ORs: 2.86 (1.48–5.53) 1.61 (0.77–3.36)
	Heterosexual, same-sex Attraction or Behavior, N =115	13.0% ORs: 1.68 (0.95–2.98) 1.03 (0.55–1.91)
Langille et al. (2012)	Bisexual to 100% Homosexual n = 81 Sexual Orientation: Attraction	100% Heterosexual to Mostly Heterosexual n = 1,516 Sexual Orientation: Attraction	Unadjusted OR: 3.43 (1.74–6.79) Adjusted OR: 2.27 (1.08–4.79) Attempted Suicide, Past Year	2006 Random Survey, 3 High Schools (Grades 10 - 12), Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada. N = 1,597 Adjusted Odds Ratio (OR): Controlling for age and school site. Attempted Suicide Incidences not given for both compared groups. Attempted Suicide, Past Year: Males: 3.6% Females: 6.1%
* M = Males - F = Females - RR = Risk Ratio - OR = Odds Ratio

1992 to 2008 Adolescent Health Surveys: British Columbia Schools Grades 7 to 12 - By The McCreary Centre Society Attempted Suicide Results, Past 12 Months
Categories / Studies	Sex	Sexual Minorities n's	Hetero- sexual Counter- part n's	Attempted Suicide - % Sexual Minority vs. % heterosexual	Comments, Sampling Information Odds Ratio (95% CI)
1992 Survey Saewyc et al. (2007) Rein (1998) Thesis Data ¹15,549 Students GLB = 1.9% Approximately	Male	Gay [n = 32] ¹Estimated	? [n = 6,811] ¹Estimated	44% vs ? 40.6% vs 3.7% ¹	13 Suicide Attempters ¹OR = 8.6<17.7<36.2 ¹
	Male	Bisexual [n = 110] ¹Estimated	? [n = 6,811] ¹Estimated	12% vs ? 16.4% vs. 3.7% ¹	18 Suicide Attempters ¹OR = 3.0<5.1<8.5 ¹
	Female	Lesbian [n = 12] ¹Estimated	[n = 6,802] ¹Estimated	19% vs. ? 16.7% vs 9.6% ¹	2 Suicide Attempters ¹OR = 0.41<1.9<8.6 ¹
	Female	Bisexual [n = 110] ¹Estimated	[n = 6,802] ¹Estimated	13% vs. ? 20.8% vs 9.6% ¹	21 Suicide Attempters ¹OR = 1.5<2.5<4.0 ¹
1998 Survey Saewyc et al. (2007) GLB = ? %	Male	Gay n = ?	n = ?	22% vs. ? [4%] ⁵	RR = 5.5
	Male	Bisexual n = ?	n = ?	18% vs. ? [4%] ⁵	RR = 4.5
	Female	Lesbian n = ?	n = ?	24% vs. ? [9%] ⁵	RR = 2.7
	Female	Bisexual n = ?	n = ?	26% vs. ? [9%] ⁵	RR = 2.9
2003 Survey 30,588 students Saewyc et al. (2007) GLB = 2.4% ²	Male	Gay n = 881 [93] ²	n = ?	9% vs. ? 8.8% vs. 3.3% ³	The percentage of gays increased by about 50% since the 1992 survey RR = 2.7
	Male	Bisexual n = 1,231 [130] ²	n = ?	13% vs. ? 12.8% vs. 3.3% ³	The percentage of bisexuals decreased by about 40% since the 1992 survey RR = 3.9
	Female	Lesbian n = 465 [49] ²	n = ?	39% vs. ? 38% vs. 8.2% ³	The percentage of lesbians doubled since the 1992 survey ⁴RR = 4.6
	Female	Bisexual n = 4,328 [457] ²	n = ?	30% vs. ? 30.4% vs. 8.2% ³	The percentage of bisexuals doubled since the 1992 survey ⁴RR = 3.7
2003 Survey GLB = 2.4% ²	Males / Females	n = 729 GLB	< 29,859	24.8% (181 / 729) vs. 5.7% Approximately	RR = 4.3 Approximately
2008 Survey n = >29,000 GLB = 3% McCreary Centre Society (2009)	Males / Females	n = ? < 870	n = ? < 28,130	28% vs. 4%	Compared to heterosexuals, the risk for attempting suicide has increased for GLB individuals since 2003: RR = 7, Approximately. Sexual minority groups most at risk = Unknown! Not Reported!
1. This information is given or estimated from the Rein (1998) thesis study. 2. Counts estimated from counts and percentages given by Poon & Saewyc (2009). The first number given is weighted (resulting from a sample of 30,588 students being made to represent 290,000BC students in Grade 7 to 12. The second number approximately represents what the original sample counts would be. The GLB percentage given as 2.4%. 3. Information made available in the media (Bohn, 2006 and Gorham, 2006), reporting on the 2003 BC Adolescent Health Survey results presented by Elizabeth Saewyc at the 2006 Canadian Public Health Conference held in Vancouver, BC. 4. The doubling of the lesbian and bisexual female representation may be implicated in their rising Attempted Suicide incidence. It is possible that many more, for some reason, have been identifying at a younger age than before (1992), that is reported to be implicated in higher levels of suicidality for GLB youth. 5. Attempted Suicide incidences given in McCreary Centre Society (2001). Note: Not a word was mentioned about GLB youth in the May et al. (2004) McCreary Centre report on the 2003 survey.

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: New Zealand & Australian Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Nicholas & Howard (1998)	57 (M*) Gay Identified	54 (M) Heterosexual Identified	28.1% (16 / 56) vs. 7.4% (4 / 54) Lifetime	Australian Volunteers: Sidney Area Mean Age: 20.6 Years 53.2% Post=Secondary Students OR: 5.0 (1.5, 16.1)
Kelly et al. (1998)	164 (M) HIV +	None	21.4% Lifetime	Australia: Convenience Sample Homosexual & Bisexual Males From Sidney, Victoria and Brisbane. Mean Age: 32.5, 20 to 60 Years Attempted Suicide Incidence for All Homosexual/Bisexual Males: 25.2%
Kelly et al. (1998)	165 (M) HIV -	None	29.1% Lifetime
Fenaughty (2000) Thesis	111 (M) 83.8% Gay or Homosexual Self- Described	None	20.7% (23 / 111) Lifetime	New Zealand Volunteers: Auckland 52.3% European Ancestry Age = 16 to 26 Years Suicide Attempts verified via descriptions of Suicide Attempt(s). Some Study Related Information: Fenaughty & Harre (2003)
Welch et al. (2000)	561 (W*) 95.2% Lesbian Identified	None	20.3% (114 / 561) Lifetime	Volunteer: New Zealand 87.5% European Ancestry Age Range: 19 to 66 Years 84.2%: Between 25 to 50 Years First Attempted Suicide: 80.7% Before the Age of 25 Years
Nicholas & Howard (2001)	105 (M) Gay Identified	94 (M) Heterosexual Identified	20.8% vs 5.4% Lifetime	Sidney, Australia, Mostly Metropolitan Mean Age: 21.8 Years, 16 to 30 Years
Nicholas & Howard (2001)	76 (F) Lesbian Identified	192 (F) Heterosexual Identified	20.0% vs. 8.3% Lifetime	Sidney, Australia, Mostly Metropolitan Mean Age: 21.3 Years, 16 to 30 Years
Thorpy et al. (2008)	164 (MF)	None	37% Lifetime	Internet Sample: Queensland, Australia Age Range: 14-20, Mean Age: 17 54% Male, 44.5% Female, 0.6% Gender Queer. 89% Urban. 72% Gay/Lesbian, 23% Bisexual. 50% in High School, 20% Working, 9% at University
Thorpy et al. (2008)	164 (MF)	None	59% Self-Harm Past year
* M = Males - F = Females

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: New Zealand & Australian Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults Random Study Samples
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Fleming et al. (2007) 2001 Random School Sample New Zealand N = 9,570	Not Given Also NOT Given is Number of same-sex and both-sex attracted individuals, that is somewhat equivalent to GLB	Not Given For all Males: 4.7% For all Females: 10.5%	Not Given	OR: 1.3<1.7<2.4 For Having Attempted Suicide, Past Year, Non-Heterosexual vs. Heterosexual. with 20 Control Variable! "Non-heterosexual orientation was defined as being attract to the same sex (as oneself), both sexes, neither sex or not sure." The Existence of the LeBrun et al (2004) Report - below - is not mentioned by Fleming et al. (2007) GLB Results Estimates: Table Below.
Le Brun et al. (2004) 2001 Random School Sample New Zealand N = 8,997	701 7.8% of Sample	8,696 92.2% of Sample	15.3% vs. 7.2% (Approx.) Past Year	Question Asked: "Which of the following are you sexually attracted to…?" Non-Heterosexual: Same-Sex (68, 0.75%), Both-Sex (277, 3.1%), Unsure (206, 2.3%), Neither (150, 1.7%) 9,570 - 8,997 = 573 - The Non-Responders to the "Sexually Attracted" Question = 6.0% of Sample GLB Results Estimates: Table Below.
Rossen et al. (2009)	Same-Sex Attracted	Opposite-Sex Attracted	20% vs. 4.0%	The New Zealand 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey: Additional Tabled Results.
Lucassen et al. (2011)	Same-Sex Attracted Only	Opposite-Sex Attracted	13.9% vs. 4.0%	The New Zealand 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey: Additional Tabled Results.
Lucassen et al. (2011)	Both-Sex Attracted	Opposite-Sex Attracted	21.7% vs. 4.0%
Australian Bureau of Statistics (2007)	Homosexual/ Bisexual	Heterosexual	12.6% vs. 3.1%	[National] Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, but information said to be from an "additional analysis" by Queensland Association for Healthy Communities (2010). Additional Tabled Results.
* M = Males - F = Females

The New Zealand Youth 2001 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey GLB / Non-Heterosexual Results Given & Estimated - Almost "Everything" About Same-Sex Attracted Youth & Suicidality Was NOT reported! Data Used for Estimates: Fleming et al. (2007) & Le Brun et al. (2004)
Sexually Attracted To? --> Categories	Opposite -Sex	Same- Sex	Both- Sex	Unsure	Neither	All Non- Hetero- sexual	All
n	8,296	68	277	206	150	701	8.997
%	92.2%	0.7%	3.1%	2.3%	1.7%	7.8%	100%
Depression	?	22.9%. n = 156 (683 X 0.229 = 156) ¹				22.9% n = 156	8,997 - 2.6% = n = 8,763 ²
Depression	?	98 / 336: 29.2% n = 68 + 277 = 345 Non-Responders: 9 = 2.6%					1,071 / 8,763 = 14.0%
Depression	1,071 - 156 = 915 915 / 8,062 = 11.3% ⁴	98 / (345 - 9 = 336) = 29.2%		Depressed = 156 - 98 = 58 58 / (356 - 9 = 347) = 16.7%			1,071 / 8,763 = 14.0%
Attempters, n % Attempting Suicide, Past Year	?	15.3% (.153 X 701) = 107					739 / 9,450 = 7.8% ³
Attempters, n % Attempting Suicide, Past Year	620 620 / (9,321 - 701 = 8,620) 7.2%	15.3% (.153 X 701) = 107 Approx. RR: 1.7<2.1<2.6 Approx. OR: 1.9<2.3<2.9				15.3%	727 / 9,321 7.8% ⁵
(Suicide Attempter Count Distribution) ⁶ Estimated % Attempting Suicide, Past Year	620 / 8,620 7.2%	(62.8% of 107 = 67) ⁶ 67 / 336 = 19.9% Approx. RR: 2.2<2.8<3.5 Approx. OR: 2.4<3.2<4.2		(37.2% of 107 = 40)⁶ 40 / 356 = 11.5% Approx. RR: 1.1<1.6<2.1 Approx. OR: 1.2<1.6<2.3			727 / 9,321 7.8% ⁶
What Might the Results be for Males????	< 4.7%	Would the OR & RR be Higher for Males???		Would the OR & RR be Higher for Males???			4.7%
1. Estimated by Web Page Author (PJT), percentage given. Assuming a 2.6% Non-Responder incidence. Therefore n = 701 - 18 = 683 2. Depression % given separately for males (9.0% for 46.2% of sample = 4,048 X .09 = 364) and females (18.3 % for 53.8% of sample = 4714 X .183 = 863) 3. Number of Male/Female Suicide Attempters given by Fleming et al. (2007): 739, with male (46.2% of sample) incidence being 4.7% and females (53.8% of sample) incidence being 10.5%. Responders to "Attempted Suicide" question = approx. 9,450. Average "attempted suicide incidence for males and females combined = approx. 7.8%. Question Non-Responder: 9,570 - 9,450 = 120 4. Estimated given the other information in the row. 5. Numbers reduced given that only 97.4% of sample responded to "Sexual Attraction" question. 6. Giving a usually strong relationship between depression and attempting suicide, "attempted suicide" counts given the same distribution as "Depression" counts. Same Sex attracted adolescents had 98/156 = 62.8% of the "Depression" counts for all Non-Heterosexual adolescents. ORs and RRs, "Attempting Suicide" in the Category compared to their Heterosexual Counterpart.

The New Zealand 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey GLB / Non-Heterosexual Adolescents. Suicidality Results Below.
Sexually Attracted To? --> Categories	Opposite Sex	Same Sex	Both Sex	Unsure	Neither	All Non- Hetero	All
All: n, %, (95% Confidence Interval) 9,098 Males & Females Non-Responders, Sexual Attraction: 1,096 / 9,098 = 12.05%	7,370 92.10% (91.4 - 92.9)	343 4.28% (3.7 - 4.8)		289 3.61 (3.0 - 4.2)		632 7.9%	8,002 100%
All: Attempted Suicide n, % Non-Responders, Suicide Question: Approx: 311 / 9,098 = 3.4%	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	413, 4.7% (4.1 - 5.3) N ~ = 8,787 *
All: Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Treatment.	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	114, 1.3%, (1.0 - 1.5) 114 / 413 = 26.7% of Attempters N ~ = 8.769 *
Male: 4,911, 54.0% Non-Responders, Sexual Attraction: 666 / 4,911 = 13.56%	3,968 93.47% (92.7 - 94.4)	165 3.89% (3.2 - 4.5)		112 2.64% (2.0 - 3.2)		277 6.52%	4,245, 100% 53% of Sample
Males: Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	138, 2.9% (2.4 - 3.5) N ~ = 4,758 *
Males: Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Treatment.	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	47, 1.0%, (0.7 - 1.3). 47 / 138 = 34.1% of Male Attempters N ~ = 4,700 *
Māori Males: Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	4.4%
Pākehā/NZ European Males: Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	2.4%
Female: 4,187, 46.0% Non-Responders, Sexual Attraction: 430 / 4,187 = 10.27%	3,402 90.55% (89.6 - 91.6)	178 4.74% (4.0 - 5.3)		177 4.71% 3.9 - 5.5		355 9.45%	3,757, 100% 47% of Sample
Females Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	275, 6.7% (5.9 - 7.5) N ~ = 4.104 *
Females: Attempted Suicide, Required Medical Treatment.	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	67, 1.6% (1.2 - 2.0). 67 / 275 = 24.36 of Female Attempters N ~ = 4,187 *
Māori Females: Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	9.6%
Pākehā/NZ European Females: Attempted Suicide: n, %	n, % ?	n, % ?		n, % ?		n, % ?	5.1%
* Estimates From the Number as Related to Percentage Given. E.G. 413 / 0.047 = 8,787. But correct N could be from about 8,713 (413 / 0.0474) to 8.862 (413 / 0.0466) Data Sources: Adolescent Health Research Group (2008) & Clark et al. (2008)

The New Zealand Youth 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey GLB / Non-Heterosexual Results Given & Estimated
Categories / Variables	Same-Sex Attracted % Incidence	Heterosexual % Incidence	Risk Ratio ⁴
Significant depressive symptoms ¹	35%	15%	2.3
Seriously thought about attempting suicide ¹	29%	12%	2.4
Plan to kill myself ¹	30%	8%	3.8
Attempted Suicide ²	20%	4%	5.0
2001 Study: Attempted Suicide ³	22%	7%	3.1
Data Source: Rossen et al. (2009) 1. Percentages Estimated From Bar Graphs - 2. Percentages Given 3. 2001 Study Percentages Given & Included for Comparison 4. Estimated From Incidences.

The New Zealand Youth 2007 National Secondary School Youth Health Survey: Random Survey
Sexual Attraction / -> Risks ¹	Opposite Sex	Same Sex	Both Sex	Not Sure
Significant Depressive Symptoms: Males / Females	n = 7212 687 (9.5%)	n = 70 16 (23.3%) ³ OR: 1.9 (1.1–3.1)	n = 261 86 (32.3%) OR: 3.7 (2.8–4.7)	n = 136 30 (21.8%) OR: 2.1 (1.3–3.3)
Seriously Considered Suicide: Males ²	n = 3920 329 (8.4%)	n = 45 13 (28.9%) OR: 4.5 (2.3–8.7)	n = 114) 39 (34.2%) OR: 5.8 (3.9–8.8)	n = 55 4 (7.4%) OR: 0.9 (0.3–2.3)
Seriously Considered Suicide: Females ²	n = 3396 636 (18.6%)	n = 27 5 (19.1%) OR: 1.0 (0.4–2.7)	n = 151 75 (48.3%) OR: 4.4 (3.2–6.0)	n= 88 25 (28.3%) OR: 1.6 (0.8–2.9)
Attempted Suicide: Males / Females	n = 7313 291 (4.0%)	n = 72 10 (13.9%) OR: 4.8 (2.4–9.6)	n = 265 59 (21.7%) OR: 7.0 (5.2–9.4)	n = 142 14 (10.1%) OR: 2.4 (1.1–5.1)
Deliberately Self-Harmed	n = 7329 1426 (19.4%)	n = 73 27 (36.9%) OR: 2.8 (1.8–4.4)	n = 268 156 (57.9%) OR: 5.8 (4.4–7.6)	n = 142 44 (30.4%) OR: 1.8 (1.1–2.7)
Data & Results Source: Lucassen et al. (2011) 1. All Risk behaviors are for "the last 12 months". 2. Males and Females calculated separately because of significant differences between the sexes for this risk behavior. 3. All ORs (Odds Ratios) are comparisons of results in a caterory with heterosexual results.

National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Australian Men & Women
Categories	Heterosexual	Homosexual/ Bisexual
Have had suicidal thoughts.	12.9%	34.7%
Have had suicidal plans.	3.7%	17.1%
Have attempted suicide.	3.1%	12.6%
Secondary Data Source: Data said to be reported - by Queensland Association for Healthy Communities (2010) - in an "additional analysis" associated with the National Survey of Wellbeing report by Australian Bureau of Statistics (2007).

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: Europe (Not Including United Kingdom, Ireland & France) Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Hegna et al. (1999)	2,988 (MF*)	None (M)	16% (M)	Age Range: 16 to 60+ Years, Norway Additional Results: By Age Groupings
Hegna et al. (1999)	2,988 (MF*)	None (F)	20% (F)
Hanner (2002)	419 (M)	None	23.5%	Volunteer Sample, Sweden Pencil & Paper Questionnaire Age: 16 to 24 years Homosexual / Bisexual: 84.2% of Females, 90.0% of Males Additional Results
Hanner (2002)	838 (M)	None	36.8%
Cochand & Bovet (1998)	164 (M) Homosexual or Bisexual Identified	None	22.7% HIV+: 18% HIV -: 26% Lifetime	French Part of Switzerland Snowball Sampling: Volunteers Mean Age: 36.4 Years, Age Range: 22 to 66 Years Attempted Suicide: Lifetime
Cochand et al. (2000)	103 (M) Mostly Gay Identified	None	24.4% (25 / 103)	Volunteers: Switzerland French Speaking Age Range: 16 to 25 Years
Bonvin-Mullor (2002)	163 (M) Homosexual or Bisexual Identified	None	37 / 163 22.7%	Note: Appears to be same study sample reported on by Cochand & Bovet (1998)
Häusermann & Wang (2003)	561 (M) Mostly Gay Identified?	None	19%	Swiss Volunteers: Gay Venues Age Range: 15 to 84+ Years 67%: 25 to 44 Years For Mental Disorder Results, see: Wang et al. (2007)
Senate Administration (1999)	227 (MF) Homosexual Bisexual? Identified	None	18%	Likely Volunteers: Berlin, Germany Age Range: 15 to 27 Years Study Results Given by Cochand et al. (2000)
Pietrantoni (1999)	64 (M) Homosexual Identified	None	26%	Italy: Volunteer Sample Age Range: 14 to 22 Years
Buffoli & Colucci (2007).	720 (MF) 605 (M) 115 (f)	None	20% (MF) 17.7% (M) 32.2% (F)	Italy: Internet Sample Age Range: 18 to 24 years More than 80% - 82.5% (M), 84.3% (F) - had thought about suicide. Participants in southern Italy's rural areas are most at risk for attempting suicide.
van Heeringen &Vincke (2000)	137 (M) Homosexual / Bisexual	71 (M) Heterosexual	11.5% ? (16 / 139 ?) vs. 6.0% (4 / 67)	Belgium: Homo/Bi Participants: Attending a Homo/Bi Youth Camp Heterosexual Participants: Schools Males: OR = 2.5 (0.8, 7.8) ns Females: OR = 6.2 (2.3, 16.6) Mean Age: 20.4 (SD: 2.3) Years Age Range: 15 to 27 Years
van Heeringen &Vincke (2000)	82 (F) Homosexual / Bisexual	114 (F) Heterosexual	25% (20 / 80) vs. 5.4% (6 / 110)
Martens (2005)	922 (M) All Ages	None	18%	2004 Male Volunteer Sample, Homosexually Oriented, Belgium: 533 Pencil & Paper, 409 via Internet. Ages: 15 to 51+ Mean Age: 35 Years
	156 (M) 16-25 Years	None	22%
	768 (M) 26 + Years	None	17%
Quinn (2006)	100 to 392 per Sample	None	0.0% to 21% Average = 10.7%	GLBT Volunteer Samples from: Bosnia & Herzegovina, Macedonia, Hungary, Romania, Moldova. 62.5% to 86% in the samples are 30 Years-Old or Younger. See Table Below For Sample Results.
Baetens et al. (2011)	SSI = 53 37.25% with worries about sexual identity	No SSI or NSSI = ?? % ?? Having worries about sexual identity	OR for SSI having worries about sexual identity ??	Internet Sample: N = 1,417 Flemish adolescents aged 12 to 18. Non-Suicidal Self-Injury: NSSI, N = 183 Suicidal Self-Injury: SSI, N = 53 The gender rates were higher for females than males for NSSI (15.00% vs. 6.98%) and for SSI (4.30% vs. 1.99%). The only significant difference was on educational level, X² (3, N = 238) = 11.72, p<.01, with SSI adolescents being overrepresented within technical or vocational education tracks.
Baetens et al. (2011)	NSSI = 183 13.89% with worries about sexual identity	No NSSI or SSI = ?? % ?? Having worries about sexual identity	OR for NSSI having worries about sexual identity ??
van Bergen (2013)	168 (F) Lesbian / Bisexual	None	26 / 168 15.5% Lifetime	Volunteer Gay / Lesbian / Bisexual Multi-Site Sample Netherlands. Mean Age = 17, approximately. National Lifetime Male / Female Attempted Suicide incidence: 2.2%. Study Sample, Male / Female Combined: 12.8% Independent Predictors Given
van Bergen (2013)	106 (M) Gay / Bisexual	None	9 / 106 8.5% Lifetime
* M = Males - F = Females

GLBT Suicidality: Central & Eastern Europe
Category / Country	N	% Males	% GLB	Suicidal Thoughts, Ever	Attempted Suicide, Ever
Bosnia & Herzegovina	182	61.7%	69.4%	24%	3.8%
Macedonia*	100	65.0%	90.0%	18%	0.0%
Hungary	146	62.5%	96.5%	56.2%	10.2%
Romania	392	81.4%	93.6%	43.4%	19.3%
Moldova	147	69.5%	95.2%	42.2%	21.0%
Data Source: Quinn (2006) * Macedonia has anomalous "Attempted Suicide" results. Homosexual males there have also been reported to have an anomalous homo-sexuality generally different than that in the western "gay" communities. See Lambevski (1999): "This article pays special attention to the nationalist imperatives that order Macedonian and Albanian ‘gay’ men to use each other’s penises and orifices as weapons and targets of torture."

The Norway Study of 2,988 Gays & Lesbians Attempted Suicide Incidences
Categories	15-25* Years	16-24 ** Years	25-34 Years	35-49 Years	+ 50 Years	All
One Suicide Attempt (Males)		20%	12%	9%	11%	11%
Two or More Suicide Attempts (Males)		7%	5%	5%	2%	5%
Totals	25.8%	27%	17%	14%	13%	16%
One Suicide Attempt (Females)		14%	13%	14%	15%	13%
Two of More Suicide Attempts (Females)		11%	6%	7%	3%	7%
Totals	26.3%	25%	19%	21%	18%	20%
Data Source: Hegna et al. (1999) * Data Source: Hegna and Wichstrom (2007a), full suicidality analysis, n = 407 youth. ** 72 males and 149 females: Information given by Hanner (2002)

Attempting Suicide by Same-Sex Attracted Youth in Sweden*
Categories	Males, n = 417 %	Females, n = 828 %
Never attempted Suicide	76.5%	63.2%
One Suicide Attempt	16.5%	20.3%
More Than One Suicide Attempt	7.0%	16.5%
Attempted Suicide	23.5%	36.8%
Thought about Attempting Suicide, Past Year	46.7%	55.1%
Data Source: Hanner (2002) * Same Sex Attracted Youth: 38.8 percent of girls (n = 846) and 71.9 percent of boys (n = 437) described themselves as "homosexual" or "gay with some heterosexual element"; 45.4 percent of girls and 18.1 percent estimates of the boys as "bisexual"; 8.3 percent of girls and 4.6 percent of the boys as "heterosexual with some homosexual elements"; with 7.6 percent of girls and 5.5 percent of the boys being unsure of their orientation.

"Attempted Suicide" Incidences/Risks: France Homosexually Oriented Youth or Adults
Study	Sample Size (N) GLB	Compa- rison Group	Attempted Suicide % (n / N)	Sampling Information Age Odds Ratio (95% CI)